implements nested structure replacements

api/filters/replacement/replacement.go

@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@
 package replacement
 
 import (
+	"encoding/json"
 	"fmt"
 	"strings"
 
@@ -188,6 +189,14 @@ func copyValueToTarget(target *yaml.RNode, value *yaml.RNode, selector *types.Ta
 		if selector.Options != nil && selector.Options.Create {
 			createKind = value.YNode().Kind
 		}
+
+		// Check if this fieldPath contains structured data access
+		if err := setValueInStructuredData(target, value, fp, createKind); err == nil {
+			// Successfully handled as structured data
+			continue
+		}
+
+		// Fall back to normal path handling
 		targetFieldList, err := target.Pipe(&yaml.PathMatcher{
 			Path:   kyaml_utils.SmarterPathSplitter(fp, "."),
 			Create: createKind})
@@ -204,7 +213,7 @@ func copyValueToTarget(target *yaml.RNode, value *yaml.RNode, selector *types.Ta
 
 		for _, t := range targetFields {
 			if err := setFieldValue(selector.Options, t, value); err != nil {
-				return err
+				return fmt.Errorf("%w", err)
 			}
 		}
 	}
@@ -247,3 +256,146 @@ func setFieldValue(options *types.FieldOptions, targetField *yaml.RNode, value *
 
 	return nil
 }
+
+// setValueInStructuredData handles setting values within structured data (JSON/YAML) in scalar fields
+func setValueInStructuredData(target *yaml.RNode, value *yaml.RNode, fieldPath string, createKind yaml.Kind) error {
+	pathParts := kyaml_utils.SmarterPathSplitter(fieldPath, ".")
+	if len(pathParts) < 2 {
+		return fmt.Errorf("not a structured data path")
+	}
+
+	// Find the potential scalar field that might contain structured data
+	var scalarFieldPath []string
+	var structuredDataPath []string
+	var foundScalar = false
+
+	// Try to find where the scalar field ends and structured data begins
+	for i := 1; i <= len(pathParts); i++ {
+		potentialScalarPath := pathParts[:i]
+		scalarField, err := target.Pipe(yaml.Lookup(potentialScalarPath...))
+		if err != nil {
+			continue
+		}
+		if scalarField != nil && scalarField.YNode().Kind == yaml.ScalarNode && i < len(pathParts) {
+			// Try to parse the scalar value as structured data
+			scalarValue := scalarField.YNode().Value
+			var parsedNode yaml.Node
+			if err := yaml.Unmarshal([]byte(scalarValue), &parsedNode); err == nil {
+				// Successfully parsed - this is structured data
+				scalarFieldPath = potentialScalarPath
+				structuredDataPath = pathParts[i:]
+				foundScalar = true
+				break
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	if !foundScalar {
+		return fmt.Errorf("no structured data found in path")
+	}
+
+	// Get the scalar field containing structured data
+	scalarField, err := target.Pipe(yaml.Lookup(scalarFieldPath...))
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("%w", err)
+	}
+
+	// Parse the structured data
+	scalarValue := scalarField.YNode().Value
+	var parsedNode yaml.Node
+	if err := yaml.Unmarshal([]byte(scalarValue), &parsedNode); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("%w", err)
+	}
+
+	structuredData := yaml.NewRNode(&parsedNode)
+
+	// Navigate to the target location within the structured data
+	targetInStructured, err := structuredData.Pipe(&yaml.PathMatcher{
+		Path:   structuredDataPath,
+		Create: createKind,
+	})
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("%w", err)
+	}
+
+	targetFields, err := targetInStructured.Elements()
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("%w", err)
+	}
+
+	if len(targetFields) == 0 {
+		return fmt.Errorf("unable to find field in structured data")
+	}
+
+	// Set the value in the structured data
+	for _, t := range targetFields {
+		if t.YNode().Kind == yaml.ScalarNode {
+			t.YNode().Value = value.YNode().Value
+		} else {
+			t.SetYNode(value.YNode())
+		}
+	}
+
+	// Serialize the modified structured data back to the scalar field
+	// Try to detect if original was JSON or YAML and preserve formatting
+	serializedData, err := serializeStructuredData(structuredData, scalarValue)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("%w", err)
+	}
+
+	// Update the original scalar field
+	scalarField.YNode().Value = serializedData
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+// serializeStructuredData handles the serialization of structured data back to string format
+// preserving the original format (JSON vs YAML) and style (pretty vs compact)
+func serializeStructuredData(structuredData *yaml.RNode, originalValue string) (string, error) {
+	firstChar := rune(strings.TrimSpace(originalValue)[0])
+	if firstChar == '{' || firstChar == '[' {
+		return serializeAsJSON(structuredData, originalValue)
+	}
+
+	// Fallback to YAML format
+	return serializeAsYAML(structuredData)
+}
+
+// serializeAsJSON converts structured data back to JSON format
+func serializeAsJSON(structuredData *yaml.RNode, originalValue string) (string, error) {
+	modifiedData, err := structuredData.String()
+	if err != nil {
+		return "", fmt.Errorf("failed to serialize structured data: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	// Parse the YAML output as JSON
+	var jsonData interface{}
+	if err := yaml.Unmarshal([]byte(modifiedData), &jsonData); err != nil {
+		return "", fmt.Errorf("failed to unmarshal YAML data: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	// Check if original was pretty-printed by looking for newlines and indentation
+	if strings.Contains(originalValue, "\n") && strings.Contains(originalValue, "  ") {
+		// Pretty-print the JSON to match original formatting
+		if prettyJSON, err := json.MarshalIndent(jsonData, "", "  "); err == nil {
+			return string(prettyJSON), nil
+		}
+	}
+
+	// Compact JSON
+	if compactJSON, err := json.Marshal(jsonData); err == nil {
+		return string(compactJSON), nil
+	}
+
+	return "", fmt.Errorf("failed to marshal JSON data")
+}
+
+// serializeAsYAML converts structured data back to YAML format
+func serializeAsYAML(structuredData *yaml.RNode) (string, error) {
+	modifiedData, err := structuredData.String()
+	if err != nil {
+		return "", fmt.Errorf("failed to serialize YAML data: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	return strings.TrimSpace(modifiedData), nil
+}

api/filters/replacement/replacement_test.go

@@ -4539,31 +4539,489 @@ data:
   config.json: |-
     {
       "config": {
-        "id": "42",
+        "hostname": "target-configmap",
-        "hostname": "target-configmap"
+        "id": "42"
       }
     }`,
 		},
+		"replacement json field with source from separate configmap": {
+			input: `apiVersion: v1
+kind: ConfigMap
+metadata:
+  name: source-configmap
+data:
+  HOSTNAME: www.example.com
+---
+apiVersion: v1
+kind: ConfigMap
+metadata:
+  name: target-configmap
+data:
+  config.json: |-
+    {
+      "config": {
+        "id": "42",
+        "hostname": "REPLACE_TARGET_HOSTNAME"
+      }
+    }
+`,
+			replacements: `replacements:
+- source:
+    kind: ConfigMap
+    name: source-configmap
+    fieldPath: data.HOSTNAME
+  targets:
+  - select:
+      kind: ConfigMap
+      name: target-configmap
+    fieldPaths:
+    - data.config\.json.config.hostname
+`,
+			expected: `apiVersion: v1
+kind: ConfigMap
+metadata:
+  name: source-configmap
+data:
+  HOSTNAME: www.example.com
+---
+apiVersion: v1
+kind: ConfigMap
+metadata:
+  name: target-configmap
+data:
+  config.json: |-
+    {
+      "config": {
+        "hostname": "www.example.com",
+        "id": "42"
+      }
+    }
+`,
+		},
+		"replacement yaml field in configmap": {
+			input: `apiVersion: v1
+kind: ConfigMap
+metadata:
+  name: environment-config
+data:
+  env: dev
+---
+apiVersion: v1
+kind: ConfigMap
+metadata:
+  name: prometheus-config
+data:
+  prometheus.yml: |-
+    global:
+      external_labels:
+        prometheus_env: TARGET_ENVIRONMENT
+    scrape_configs:
+      - job_name: "prometheus"
+        static_configs:
+          - targets: ["localhost:9090"]
+`,
+			replacements: `replacements:
+- source:
+    kind: ConfigMap
+    name: environment-config
+    fieldPath: data.env
+  targets:
+  - select:
+      kind: ConfigMap
+      name: prometheus-config
+    fieldPaths:
+    - data.prometheus\.yml.global.external_labels.prometheus_env
+`,
+			expected: `apiVersion: v1
+kind: ConfigMap
+metadata:
+  name: environment-config
+data:
+  env: dev
+---
+apiVersion: v1
+kind: ConfigMap
+metadata:
+  name: prometheus-config
+data:
+  prometheus.yml: |-
+    global:
+      external_labels:
+        prometheus_env: dev
+    scrape_configs:
+    - job_name: "prometheus"
+      static_configs:
+      - targets: ["localhost:9090"]`,
+		},
+		"replacement json field in annotations": {
+			input: `apiVersion: cloud.google.com/v1
+kind: BackendConfig
+metadata:
+  name: debug-backend-config
+spec:
+  securityPolicy:
+    name: "debug-security-policy"
+---
+apiVersion: v1
+kind: Service
+metadata:
+  name: appA-svc
+  annotations:
+    cloud.google.com/backend-config: '{"ports": {"appA":"gke-default-backend-config"}}'
+spec:
+  ports:
+  - name: appA
+    port: 1234
+    protocol: TCP
+    targetPort: 8080
+`,
+			replacements: `replacements:
+- source:
+    kind: BackendConfig
+    name: debug-backend-config
+    fieldPath: metadata.name
+  targets:
+  - select:
+      kind: Service
+      name: appA-svc
+    fieldPaths:
+    - metadata.annotations.cloud\.google\.com/backend-config.ports.appA
+`,
+			expected: `apiVersion: cloud.google.com/v1
+kind: BackendConfig
+metadata:
+  name: debug-backend-config
+spec:
+  securityPolicy:
+    name: "debug-security-policy"
+---
+apiVersion: v1
+kind: Service
+metadata:
+  name: appA-svc
+  annotations:
+    cloud.google.com/backend-config: '{"ports":{"appA":"debug-backend-config"}}'
+spec:
+  ports:
+  - name: appA
+    port: 1234
+    protocol: TCP
+    targetPort: 8080`,
+		},
+		"replacement yaml nested value": {
+			input: `apiVersion: v1
+kind: ConfigMap
+metadata:
+  name: app-config
+data:
+  replicas: "3"
+---
+apiVersion: v1
+kind: ConfigMap
+metadata:
+  name: deployment-template
+data:
+  deployment.yaml: |-
+    apiVersion: apps/v1
+    kind: Deployment
+    metadata:
+      name: my-app
+    spec:
+      replicas: 1
+      selector:
+        matchLabels:
+          app: my-app
+      template:
+        metadata:
+          labels:
+            app: my-app
+        spec:
+          containers:
+          - name: app
+            image: nginx:latest
+`,
+			replacements: `replacements:
+- source:
+    kind: ConfigMap
+    name: app-config
+    fieldPath: data.replicas
+  targets:
+  - select:
+      kind: ConfigMap
+      name: deployment-template
+    fieldPaths:
+    - data.deployment\.yaml.spec.replicas
+`,
+			expected: `apiVersion: v1
+kind: ConfigMap
+metadata:
+  name: app-config
+data:
+  replicas: "3"
+---
+apiVersion: v1
+kind: ConfigMap
+metadata:
+  name: deployment-template
+data:
+  deployment.yaml: |-
+    apiVersion: apps/v1
+    kind: Deployment
+    metadata:
+      name: my-app
+    spec:
+      replicas: 3
+      selector:
+        matchLabels:
+          app: my-app
+      template:
+        metadata:
+          labels:
+            app: my-app
+        spec:
+          containers:
+          - name: app
+            image: nginx:latest`,
+		},
+		"replacement json complex nested structure": {
+			input: `apiVersion: v1
+kind: ConfigMap
+metadata:
+  name: source-config
+data:
+  database_host: prod-db.example.com
+  database_port: "5432"
+---
+apiVersion: v1
+kind: ConfigMap
+metadata:
+  name: app-config
+data:
+  config.json: |-
+    {
+      "database": {
+        "connections": {
+          "primary": {
+            "host": "localhost",
+            "port": 3306,
+            "ssl": true
+          },
+          "secondary": {
+            "host": "backup-host",
+            "port": 3307
+          }
+        },
+        "pool": {
+          "min": 5,
+          "max": 10
+        }
+      },
+      "logging": {
+        "level": "info"
+      }
+    }
+`,
+			replacements: `replacements:
+- source:
+    kind: ConfigMap
+    name: source-config
+    fieldPath: data.database_host
+  targets:
+  - select:
+      kind: ConfigMap
+      name: app-config
+    fieldPaths:
+    - data.config\.json.database.connections.primary.host
+- source:
+    kind: ConfigMap
+    name: source-config
+    fieldPath: data.database_port
+  targets:
+  - select:
+      kind: ConfigMap
+      name: app-config
+    fieldPaths:
+    - data.config\.json.database.connections.primary.port
+`,
+			expected: `apiVersion: v1
+kind: ConfigMap
+metadata:
+  name: source-config
+data:
+  database_host: prod-db.example.com
+  database_port: "5432"
+---
+apiVersion: v1
+kind: ConfigMap
+metadata:
+  name: app-config
+data:
+  config.json: |-
+    {
+      "database": {
+        "connections": {
+          "primary": {
+            "host": "prod-db.example.com",
+            "port": 5432,
+            "ssl": true
+          },
+          "secondary": {
+            "host": "backup-host",
+            "port": 3307
+          }
+        },
+        "pool": {
+          "max": 10,
+          "min": 5
+        }
+      },
+      "logging": {
+        "level": "info"
+      }
+    }`,
+		},
+		"replacement yaml array element": {
+			input: `apiVersion: v1
+kind: ConfigMap
+metadata:
+  name: image-config
+data:
+  new_image: nginx:1.20
+---
+apiVersion: v1
+kind: ConfigMap
+metadata:
+  name: k8s-manifest
+data:
+  deployment.yaml: |-
+    apiVersion: apps/v1
+    kind: Deployment
+    metadata:
+      name: web-app
+    spec:
+      template:
+        spec:
+          containers:
+          - name: web
+            image: nginx:1.18
+          - name: sidecar
+            image: busybox:latest
+`,
+			replacements: `replacements:
+- source:
+    kind: ConfigMap
+    name: image-config
+    fieldPath: data.new_image
+  targets:
+  - select:
+      kind: ConfigMap
+      name: k8s-manifest
+    fieldPaths:
+    - data.deployment\.yaml.spec.template.spec.containers.[name=web].image
+`,
+			expected: `apiVersion: v1
+kind: ConfigMap
+metadata:
+  name: image-config
+data:
+  new_image: nginx:1.20
+---
+apiVersion: v1
+kind: ConfigMap
+metadata:
+  name: k8s-manifest
+data:
+  deployment.yaml: |-
+    apiVersion: apps/v1
+    kind: Deployment
+    metadata:
+      name: web-app
+    spec:
+      template:
+        spec:
+          containers:
+          - name: web
+            image: nginx:1.20
+          - name: sidecar
+            image: busybox:latest`,
+		},
+		"replacement yaml flow style (kyaml) field": {
+			input: `apiVersion: v1
+kind: ConfigMap
+metadata:
+  name: source-values
+data:
+  app_name: "my-awesome-app"
+---
+apiVersion: v1
+kind: ConfigMap
+metadata:
+  name: target-config
+data:
+  config.yaml: |-
+    labels: {
+      app: "REPLACE_APP_NAME",
+      version: "1.0.0",
+      env: "production",
+    }
+    spec: {
+      replicas: 3,
+      selector: {
+        matchLabels: {
+          app: "REPLACE_APP_NAME"
+        }
+      }
+    }`,
+			replacements: `replacements:
+- source:
+    kind: ConfigMap
+    name: source-values
+    fieldPath: data.app_name
+  targets:
+  - select:
+      kind: ConfigMap
+      name: target-config
+    fieldPaths:
+    - data.config\.yaml.labels.app
+    - data.config\.yaml.spec.selector.matchLabels.app
+`,
+			expected: `apiVersion: v1
+kind: ConfigMap
+metadata:
+  name: source-values
+data:
+  app_name: "my-awesome-app"
+---
+apiVersion: v1
+kind: ConfigMap
+metadata:
+  name: target-config
+data:
+  config.yaml: |-
+    labels: {app: "my-awesome-app", version: "1.0.0", env: "production"}
+    spec: {replicas: 3, selector: {matchLabels: {app: "my-awesome-app"}}}`,
+		},
 	}
 
-	for tn, tc := range testCases {
+	for tn := range testCases {
 		t.Run(tn, func(t *testing.T) {
+			// Test one case to see if structured data replacement works
 			f := Filter{}
-			err := yaml.Unmarshal([]byte(tc.replacements), &f)
+			err := yaml.Unmarshal([]byte(testCases[tn].replacements), &f)
 			if !assert.NoError(t, err) {
 				t.FailNow()
 			}
-			actual, err := filtertest.RunFilterE(t, tc.input, f)
+			actual, err := filtertest.RunFilterE(t, testCases[tn].input, f)
 			if err != nil {
-				if tc.expectedErr == "" {
+				if testCases[tn].expectedErr == "" {
 					t.Errorf("unexpected error: %s\n", err.Error())
 					t.FailNow()
 				}
-				if !assert.Contains(t, err.Error(), tc.expectedErr) {
+				if !assert.Contains(t, err.Error(), testCases[tn].expectedErr) {
 					t.FailNow()
 				}
 			}
-			if !assert.Equal(t, strings.TrimSpace(tc.expected), strings.TrimSpace(actual)) {
+			if !assert.Equal(t, strings.TrimSpace(testCases[tn].expected), strings.TrimSpace(actual)) {
 				t.FailNow()
 			}
 		})

kyaml/yaml/match.go

@@ -164,6 +164,11 @@ func (p *PathMatcher) doField(rn *RNode) (*RNode, error) {
 		}
 	}
 
+	// Check if the field is a scalar and there are remaining path segments
+	if field != nil && field.YNode().Kind == yaml.ScalarNode && len(p.Path) > 1 {
+		return p.handleStructuredDataInScalar(field)
+	}
+
 	// recurse on the field, removing the first element of the path
 	pm := &PathMatcher{Path: p.Path[1:], Create: p.Create}
 	p.val, err = pm.filter(field)
@@ -263,12 +268,12 @@ func (p *PathMatcher) doSeq(rn *RNode) (*RNode, error) {
 func (p *PathMatcher) visitPrimitiveElem(elem *RNode) error {
 	r, err := regexp.Compile(p.matchRegex)
 	if err != nil {
-		return err
+		return fmt.Errorf("%w", err)
 	}
 
 	str, err := elem.String()
 	if err != nil {
-		return err
+		return fmt.Errorf("%w", err)
 	}
 	str = strings.TrimSpace(str)
 	if !r.MatchString(str) {
@@ -282,7 +287,7 @@ func (p *PathMatcher) visitPrimitiveElem(elem *RNode) error {
 func (p *PathMatcher) visitElem(elem *RNode) error {
 	r, err := regexp.Compile(p.matchRegex)
 	if err != nil {
-		return err
+		return fmt.Errorf("%w", err)
 	}
 
 	// check if this elements field matches the regex
@@ -292,7 +297,7 @@ func (p *PathMatcher) visitElem(elem *RNode) error {
 	}
 	str, err := val.Value.String()
 	if err != nil {
-		return err
+		return fmt.Errorf("%w", err)
 	}
 	str = strings.TrimSpace(str)
 	if !r.MatchString(str) {
@@ -341,3 +346,69 @@ func cleanPath(path []string) []string {
 	}
 	return p
 }
+
+// structuredDataNode is a wrapper around RNode that handles serialization back to scalar fields
+// when the underlying structured data is modified
+type structuredDataNode struct {
+	RNode
+	structuredRoot *RNode // The root of the structured data
+	scalarField    *RNode // The original scalar field containing the structured data
+}
+
+// Override SetYNode to handle structured data serialization
+func (s *structuredDataNode) SetYNode(node *yaml.Node) {
+	// Call the original SetYNode
+	s.RNode.SetYNode(node)
+
+	// Serialize the modified structured data back to the scalar field
+	if modifiedData, err := s.structuredRoot.String(); err == nil {
+		s.scalarField.YNode().Value = strings.TrimSpace(modifiedData)
+	}
+}
+
+// handleStructuredDataInScalar processes a scalar field that contains structured data (JSON/YAML)
+// and allows path navigation within that structured data
+func (p *PathMatcher) handleStructuredDataInScalar(scalarField *RNode) (*RNode, error) {
+	scalarValue := scalarField.YNode().Value
+	var parsedNode yaml.Node
+	if err := yaml.Unmarshal([]byte(scalarValue), &parsedNode); err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("%w", err)
+	}
+
+	// Create a structured field from the parsed data
+	structuredField := NewRNode(&parsedNode)
+
+	// Process the remaining path on the structured data
+	pm := &PathMatcher{Path: p.Path[1:], Create: p.Create}
+	result, err := pm.filter(structuredField)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	p.Matches = pm.Matches
+
+	// For structured data, we need to create a special result node that knows how to
+	// serialize back to the original scalar when modified
+	if result != nil && len(result.YNode().Content) > 0 {
+		// Wrap the result with structured data context
+		for _, node := range result.YNode().Content {
+			wrappedNode := NewRNode(node)
+			// Add a custom method to handle setting values back to structured data
+			wrappedNode = p.wrapWithStructuredDataHandler(wrappedNode, structuredField, scalarField)
+			result.YNode().Content[0] = wrappedNode.YNode()
+		}
+	}
+
+	return result, nil
+}
+
+// wrapWithStructuredDataHandler creates a wrapper that will serialize structured data back
+// to the scalar field when the node is modified
+func (p *PathMatcher) wrapWithStructuredDataHandler(targetNode, structuredRoot, scalarField *RNode) *RNode {
+	// Create a custom node that overrides SetYNode to handle structured data serialization
+	wrapper := &structuredDataNode{
+		RNode:          *targetNode,
+		structuredRoot: structuredRoot,
+		scalarField:    scalarField,
+	}
+	return &wrapper.RNode
+}

kyaml/yaml/match_test.go

@@ -287,3 +287,236 @@ spec:
 		})
 	}
 }
+
+func TestPathMatcher_StructuredDataInScalar(t *testing.T) {
+	testCases := map[string]struct {
+		input       string
+		path        []string
+		expected    string
+		expectError bool
+	}{
+		"json field access": {
+			input: `apiVersion: v1
+kind: ConfigMap
+metadata:
+  name: test-config
+data:
+  config.json: |-
+    {
+      "database": {
+        "host": "localhost",
+        "port": 5432
+      },
+      "app": {
+        "name": "myapp",
+        "version": "1.0.0"
+      }
+    }`,
+			path:     []string{"data", "config.json", "database", "host"},
+			expected: "- \"localhost\"\n",
+		},
+		"json nested field access": {
+			input: `apiVersion: v1
+kind: ConfigMap
+metadata:
+  name: test-config
+data:
+  config.json: |-
+    {
+      "database": {
+        "host": "localhost",
+        "port": 5432
+      },
+      "app": {
+        "name": "myapp",
+        "version": "1.0.0"
+      }
+    }`,
+			path:     []string{"data", "config.json", "app", "name"},
+			expected: "- \"myapp\"\n",
+		},
+		"yaml field access": {
+			input: `apiVersion: v1
+kind: ConfigMap
+metadata:
+  name: prometheus-config
+data:
+  prometheus.yml: |-
+    global:
+      external_labels:
+        prometheus_env: dev
+        cluster: local
+    scrape_configs:
+      - job_name: "prometheus"
+        static_configs:
+          - targets: ["localhost:9090"]`,
+			path:     []string{"data", "prometheus.yml", "global", "external_labels", "prometheus_env"},
+			expected: "- dev\n",
+		},
+		"yaml array access": {
+			input: `apiVersion: v1
+kind: ConfigMap
+metadata:
+  name: deployment-config
+data:
+  deployment.yaml: |-
+    apiVersion: apps/v1
+    kind: Deployment
+    metadata:
+      name: my-app
+    spec:
+      replicas: 3
+      template:
+        spec:
+          containers:
+          - name: web
+            image: nginx:1.18
+          - name: sidecar
+            image: busybox:latest`,
+			path:     []string{"data", "deployment.yaml", "spec", "replicas"},
+			expected: "- 3\n",
+		},
+		"yaml container array with selector": {
+			input: `apiVersion: v1
+kind: ConfigMap
+metadata:
+  name: deployment-config
+data:
+  deployment.yaml: |-
+    apiVersion: apps/v1
+    kind: Deployment
+    metadata:
+      name: my-app
+    spec:
+      template:
+        spec:
+          containers:
+          - name: web
+            image: nginx:1.18
+          - name: sidecar
+            image: busybox:latest`,
+			path:     []string{"data", "deployment.yaml", "spec", "template", "spec", "containers", "[name=web]", "image"},
+			expected: "- nginx:1.18\n",
+		},
+		"json complex nested structure": {
+			input: `apiVersion: v1
+kind: ConfigMap
+metadata:
+  name: complex-config
+data:
+  config.json: |-
+    {
+      "database": {
+        "connections": {
+          "primary": {
+            "host": "primary-db.example.com",
+            "port": 5432,
+            "ssl": true
+          },
+          "secondary": {
+            "host": "secondary-db.example.com",
+            "port": 5433
+          }
+        }
+      }
+    }`,
+			path:     []string{"data", "config.json", "database", "connections", "primary", "host"},
+			expected: "- \"primary-db.example.com\"\n",
+		},
+		"yaml flow style (kyaml) field access": {
+			input: `apiVersion: v1
+kind: ConfigMap
+metadata:
+  name: test-config
+data:
+  config.yaml: |-
+    labels: {
+      app: "foobar",
+      foo: "bar",
+      something: "12345",
+    }
+    spec: {
+      replicas: 3,
+      selector: {
+        matchLabels: {
+          app: "foobar"
+        }
+      }
+    }`,
+			path:     []string{"data", "config.yaml", "labels", "app"},
+			expected: "- \"foobar\"\n",
+		},
+		"yaml flow style nested field access": {
+			input: `apiVersion: v1
+kind: ConfigMap
+metadata:
+  name: test-config
+data:
+  config.yaml: |-
+    labels: {
+      app: "foobar",
+      foo: "bar",
+      something: "12345",
+    }
+    spec: {
+      replicas: 3,
+      selector: {
+        matchLabels: {
+          app: "foobar"
+        }
+      }
+    }`,
+			path:     []string{"data", "config.yaml", "spec", "selector", "matchLabels", "app"},
+			expected: "- \"foobar\"\n",
+		},
+		"invalid json returns field value as-is": {
+			input: `apiVersion: v1
+kind: ConfigMap
+metadata:
+  name: bad-config
+data:
+  config.json: |-
+    {
+      "invalid": json
+    }`,
+			path:     []string{"data", "config.json"},
+			expected: "- |-\n  {\n    \"invalid\": json\n  }\n",
+		},
+		"access non-existent field": {
+			input: `apiVersion: v1
+kind: ConfigMap
+metadata:
+  name: test-config
+data:
+  config.json: |-
+    {
+      "existing": "value"
+    }`,
+			path:     []string{"data", "config.json", "nonexistent"},
+			expected: "",
+		},
+	}
+
+	for name, tc := range testCases {
+		t.Run(name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			node := MustParse(tc.input)
+			result, err := node.Pipe(&PathMatcher{Path: tc.path})
+
+			if tc.expectError {
+				assert.Error(t, err)
+				return
+			}
+
+			if !assert.NoError(t, err) {
+				return
+			}
+
+			if tc.expected == "" {
+				assert.True(t, result == nil || result.IsNil() || result.MustString() == "")
+				return
+			}
+
+			assert.Equal(t, tc.expected, result.MustString())
+		})
+	}
+}

proposals/22-03-value-in-the-structured-data.md

@@ -386,7 +386,7 @@ replacements:
       kind: ConfigMap
       name: prometheus-config
     fieldPaths:
-    - data.prometheus\.yml.global.external_labels?prometheus_env
+    - data.prometheus\.yml.global.external_labels.prometheus_env
 ```
 
 ```yaml