Merge pull request #1776 from monopole/moarTweaksDarnPseudo

Tweaks to accomodate pseudo/k8s.

.gitignore

@@ -5,8 +5,17 @@
 *.so
 *.dylib
 
+.idea
+*.iml
+
 # Test binary, build with `go test -c`
 *.test
 
 # Output of the go coverage tool, specifically when used with LiteIDE
 *.out
+
+# We use sed -i.bak when doing in-line replace, because it works better cross-platform
+.bak
+
+# macOS
+*.DS_store

.golangci.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+run:
+  deadline: 5m
+
+linters:
+  disable-all: true
+  enable:
+    - dupl
+    - goconst
+    - gocyclo
+    - gofmt
+    - golint
+    - govet
+    - ineffassign
+    - interfacer
+    - lll
+    - misspell
+    - nakedret
+    - structcheck
+    - unparam
+    - varcheck
+
+linters-settings:
+  dupl:
+    threshold: 400 
+  lll:   
+    line-length: 170
+  gocyclo:
+    min-complexity: 15
+  golint:
+    min-confidence: 0.85

.travis.yml

@@ -1,26 +1,42 @@
+os:
+  - linux
+  - osx
+# TODO: Speed up the slowness of the osx travis runs
+# Maybe cache brew installs?
+#
+# TODO: Uncomment when some gets the tests running on Windows.
+#  - windows
+
+addons:
+  apt:
+    packages:
+    - tree
+  homebrew:
+    packages:
+    - tree
+    update: true
+
+# Only clone the most recent commit.
+git:
+  depth: 1
+
 language: go
 
 go:
-  - 1.10.x
+  - "1.13"
 
-# go_import_path: k8s.io/kubectl
+go_import_path: sigs.k8s.io/kustomize
 
 before_install:
-  - source ./bin/consider-early-travis-exit.sh
-  - sudo apt-get install tree
-  - go get -u github.com/golang/lint/golint
-  - go get -u golang.org/x/tools/cmd/goimports
-  - go get -u github.com/onsi/ginkgo/ginkgo
-  - go get -u github.com/monopole/mdrip
+  - source ./travis/consider-early-travis-exit.sh
 
-# Install must be set to prevent default `go get` to run.
-# The dependencies have already been vendored by `dep` so
-# we don't need to fetch them.
-install:
-  -
+# Skip the install process; let pre-commit.sh do it.
+install: true
 
 script:
-  - ./bin/pre-commit.sh
+  - ./travis/verify-deps.sh
+  - ./travis/pre-commit.sh
+  - ./travis/kyaml-pre-commit.sh
 
 # TBD. Suppressing for now.
 notifications:

CONTRIBUTING.md

@@ -1,36 +1,26 @@
-# Contributing guidelines
+# Contributing Guidelines
 
-[Contributor License Agreement]: https://git.k8s.io/community/CLA.md
-[github workflow guide]: https://github.com/kubernetes/community/blob/master/contributors/guide/github-workflow.md
-[CNCF code of conduct]: https://github.com/cncf/foundation/blob/master/code-of-conduct.md
+Welcome to Kubernetes. We are excited about the prospect of you joining our [community](https://github.com/kubernetes/community)! The Kubernetes community abides by the CNCF [code of conduct](code-of-conduct.md). Here is an excerpt:
 
-## Contributing a Patch
+_As contributors and maintainers of this project, and in the interest of fostering an open and welcoming community, we pledge to respect all people who contribute through reporting issues, posting feature requests, updating documentation, submitting pull requests or patches, and other activities._
 
-1. Kubernetes projects require contributors to sign the
-   [Contributor License Agreement] before pull requests
-   can be considered.
-1. Submit an issue describing your proposed change to
-   the repo in question.
-1. The [repo owners](OWNERS) will respond to your issue
-   promptly.
-1. Fork the repo, develop and test your code.
-   See the [github workflow guide].
-1. For _new features_, provide a markdown-based demo following
-   the pattern established in the [demos](demos) directory.
-   Run `bin/pre-commit.sh` to test your demo.
-1. Submit a pull request.
+## Getting Started
 
-## Community, discussion, contribution, and support
+Dev guides:
 
-Learn how to engage with the Kubernetes community on
-the [community page](http://kubernetes.io/community/).
+- [Mac](docs/macDevGuide.md)
 
-You can reach the maintainers of this project at:
+We have full documentation on how to get started contributing here:
 
-- [Slack](http://slack.k8s.io/)
-- [Mailing List](https://groups.google.com/forum/#!forum/kubernetes-kustomize)
+- [Contributor License Agreement](https://git.k8s.io/community/CLA.md) Kubernetes projects require that you sign a Contributor License Agreement (CLA) before we can accept your pull requests
+- [Kubernetes Contributor Guide](http://git.k8s.io/community/contributors/guide) - Main contributor documentation, or you can just jump directly to the [contributing section](http://git.k8s.io/community/contributors/guide#contributing)
+- [Contributor Cheat Sheet](https://git.k8s.io/community/contributors/guide/contributor-cheatsheet.md) - Common resources for existing developers
 
-## Code of conduct
+## Mentorship
 
-Participation in the Kubernetes community is governed
-by the [CNCF code of conduct].
+- [Mentoring Initiatives](https://git.k8s.io/community/mentoring) - We have a diverse set of mentorship programs available that are always looking for volunteers!
+
+## Contact Information
+
+- [Slack channel](https://kubernetes.slack.com/messages/sig-cli)
+- [Mailing list](https://groups.google.com/forum/#!forum/kubernetes-sig-cli)

Gopkg.lock

@@ -1,147 +0,0 @@
-# This file is autogenerated, do not edit; changes may be undone by the next 'dep ensure'.
-
-
-[[projects]]
-  name = "github.com/davecgh/go-spew"
-  packages = ["spew"]
-  revision = "346938d642f2ec3594ed81d874461961cd0faa76"
-  version = "v1.1.0"
-
-[[projects]]
-  name = "github.com/evanphx/json-patch"
-  packages = ["."]
-  revision = "afac545df32f2287a079e2dfb7ba2745a643747e"
-  version = "v3.0.0"
-
-[[projects]]
-  name = "github.com/ghodss/yaml"
-  packages = ["."]
-  revision = "0ca9ea5df5451ffdf184b4428c902747c2c11cd7"
-  version = "v1.0.0"
-
-[[projects]]
-  name = "github.com/gogo/protobuf"
-  packages = ["proto","sortkeys"]
-  revision = "1adfc126b41513cc696b209667c8656ea7aac67c"
-  version = "v1.0.0"
-
-[[projects]]
-  branch = "master"
-  name = "github.com/golang/glog"
-  packages = ["."]
-  revision = "23def4e6c14b4da8ac2ed8007337bc5eb5007998"
-
-[[projects]]
-  name = "github.com/golang/protobuf"
-  packages = ["proto","ptypes","ptypes/any","ptypes/duration","ptypes/timestamp"]
-  revision = "b4deda0973fb4c70b50d226b1af49f3da59f5265"
-  version = "v1.1.0"
-
-[[projects]]
-  branch = "master"
-  name = "github.com/google/gofuzz"
-  packages = ["."]
-  revision = "24818f796faf91cd76ec7bddd72458fbced7a6c1"
-
-[[projects]]
-  name = "github.com/googleapis/gnostic"
-  packages = ["OpenAPIv2","compiler","extensions"]
-  revision = "ee43cbb60db7bd22502942cccbc39059117352ab"
-  version = "v0.1.0"
-
-[[projects]]
-  name = "github.com/inconshreveable/mousetrap"
-  packages = ["."]
-  revision = "76626ae9c91c4f2a10f34cad8ce83ea42c93bb75"
-  version = "v1.0"
-
-[[projects]]
-  name = "github.com/json-iterator/go"
-  packages = ["."]
-  revision = "ca39e5af3ece67bbcda3d0f4f56a8e24d9f2dad4"
-  version = "1.1.3"
-
-[[projects]]
-  name = "github.com/modern-go/concurrent"
-  packages = ["."]
-  revision = "bacd9c7ef1dd9b15be4a9909b8ac7a4e313eec94"
-  version = "1.0.3"
-
-[[projects]]
-  name = "github.com/modern-go/reflect2"
-  packages = ["."]
-  revision = "1df9eeb2bb81f327b96228865c5687bc2194af3f"
-  version = "1.0.0"
-
-[[projects]]
-  name = "github.com/spf13/cobra"
-  packages = ["."]
-  revision = "a1f051bc3eba734da4772d60e2d677f47cf93ef4"
-  version = "v0.0.2"
-
-[[projects]]
-  name = "github.com/spf13/pflag"
-  packages = ["."]
-  revision = "583c0c0531f06d5278b7d917446061adc344b5cd"
-  version = "v1.0.1"
-
-[[projects]]
-  branch = "master"
-  name = "golang.org/x/net"
-  packages = ["http/httpguts","http2","http2/hpack","idna"]
-  revision = "2491c5de3490fced2f6cff376127c667efeed857"
-
-[[projects]]
-  name = "golang.org/x/text"
-  packages = ["collate","collate/build","internal/colltab","internal/gen","internal/tag","internal/triegen","internal/ucd","language","secure/bidirule","transform","unicode/bidi","unicode/cldr","unicode/norm","unicode/rangetable"]
-  revision = "f21a4dfb5e38f5895301dc265a8def02365cc3d0"
-  version = "v0.3.0"
-
-[[projects]]
-  name = "gopkg.in/inf.v0"
-  packages = ["."]
-  revision = "d2d2541c53f18d2a059457998ce2876cc8e67cbf"
-  version = "v0.9.1"
-
-[[projects]]
-  name = "gopkg.in/yaml.v2"
-  packages = ["."]
-  revision = "5420a8b6744d3b0345ab293f6fcba19c978f1183"
-  version = "v2.2.1"
-
-[[projects]]
-  branch = "master"
-  name = "k8s.io/api"
-  packages = ["admissionregistration/v1alpha1","admissionregistration/v1beta1","apps/v1","apps/v1beta1","apps/v1beta2","authentication/v1","authentication/v1beta1","authorization/v1","authorization/v1beta1","autoscaling/v1","autoscaling/v2beta1","batch/v1","batch/v1beta1","batch/v2alpha1","certificates/v1beta1","core/v1","events/v1beta1","extensions/v1beta1","networking/v1","policy/v1beta1","rbac/v1","rbac/v1alpha1","rbac/v1beta1","scheduling/v1alpha1","settings/v1alpha1","storage/v1","storage/v1alpha1","storage/v1beta1"]
-  revision = "53d615ae3f440f957cb9989d989d597f047262d9"
-
-[[projects]]
-  branch = "master"
-  name = "k8s.io/apimachinery"
-  packages = ["pkg/api/resource","pkg/apis/meta/v1","pkg/apis/meta/v1/unstructured","pkg/conversion","pkg/conversion/queryparams","pkg/fields","pkg/labels","pkg/runtime","pkg/runtime/schema","pkg/runtime/serializer","pkg/runtime/serializer/json","pkg/runtime/serializer/protobuf","pkg/runtime/serializer/recognizer","pkg/runtime/serializer/versioning","pkg/selection","pkg/types","pkg/util/errors","pkg/util/framer","pkg/util/intstr","pkg/util/json","pkg/util/mergepatch","pkg/util/net","pkg/util/runtime","pkg/util/sets","pkg/util/strategicpatch","pkg/util/validation","pkg/util/validation/field","pkg/util/wait","pkg/util/yaml","pkg/watch","third_party/forked/golang/json","third_party/forked/golang/reflect"]
-  revision = "13b73596e4b63e03203e86f6d9c7bcc1b937c62f"
-
-[[projects]]
-  name = "k8s.io/client-go"
-  packages = ["kubernetes/scheme"]
-  revision = "23781f4d6632d88e869066eaebb743857aa1ef9b"
-  version = "v7.0.0"
-
-[[projects]]
-  branch = "master"
-  name = "k8s.io/kube-openapi"
-  packages = ["pkg/util/proto"]
-  revision = "b3f03f55328800731ce03a164b80973014ecd455"
-
-[[projects]]
-  branch = "master"
-  name = "k8s.io/utils"
-  packages = ["exec"]
-  revision = "258e2a2fa64568210fbd6267cf1d8fd87c3cb86e"
-
-[solve-meta]
-  analyzer-name = "dep"
-  analyzer-version = 1
-  inputs-digest = "6e36daa1798b0dae7f45160f9275ca6bbe6c5667de7cd808d0057cbaf19fc55e"
-  solver-name = "gps-cdcl"
-  solver-version = 1

Gopkg.toml

@@ -1,54 +0,0 @@
-
-# Gopkg.toml example
-#
-# Refer to https://github.com/golang/dep/blob/master/docs/Gopkg.toml.md
-# for detailed Gopkg.toml documentation.
-#
-# required = ["github.com/user/thing/cmd/thing"]
-# ignored = ["github.com/user/project/pkgX", "bitbucket.org/user/project/pkgA/pkgY"]
-#
-# [[constraint]]
-#   name = "github.com/user/project"
-#   version = "1.0.0"
-#
-# [[constraint]]
-#   name = "github.com/user/project2"
-#   branch = "dev"
-#   source = "github.com/myfork/project2"
-#
-# [[override]]
-#  name = "github.com/x/y"
-#  version = "2.4.0"
-
-
-[[constraint]]
-  name = "github.com/evanphx/json-patch"
-  version = "3.0.0"
-
-[[constraint]]
-  name = "github.com/ghodss/yaml"
-  version = "1.0.0"
-
-[[constraint]]
-  branch = "master"
-  name = "github.com/golang/glog"
-
-[[constraint]]
-  name = "github.com/spf13/cobra"
-  version = "0.0.2"
-
-[[constraint]]
-  branch = "master"
-  name = "k8s.io/api"
-
-[[constraint]]
-  branch = "master"
-  name = "k8s.io/apimachinery"
-
-[[constraint]]
-  name = "k8s.io/client-go"
-  version = "7.0.0"
-
-[[constraint]]
-  branch = "master"
-  name = "k8s.io/utils"

Makefile

@@ -0,0 +1,145 @@
+# This Makefile is (and must be) used by
+# travis/pre-commit.sh to qualify pull requests.
+#
+# That script generates all the code that needs
+# to be generated, and runs all the tests.
+#
+# Functionality in that script is gradually moving here.
+
+MYGOBIN := $(shell go env GOPATH)/bin
+PATH := $(PATH):$(MYGOBIN)
+SHELL := env PATH=$(PATH) /bin/bash
+
+.PHONY: all
+all: pre-commit
+
+# The pre-commit.sh script generates, lints and tests.
+# It uses this makefile.  For more clarity, would like
+# to stop that - any scripts invoked by targets here
+# shouldn't "call back" to the makefile.
+.PHONY: pre-commit
+pre-commit:
+	./travis/pre-commit.sh
+
+# Version pinned by api/go.mod
+$(MYGOBIN)/golangci-lint:
+	cd api; \
+	go install github.com/golangci/golangci-lint/cmd/golangci-lint
+
+# Version pinned by api/go.mod
+$(MYGOBIN)/mdrip:
+	cd api; \
+	go install github.com/monopole/mdrip
+
+# Version pinned by api/go.mod
+$(MYGOBIN)/stringer:
+	cd api; \
+	go install golang.org/x/tools/cmd/stringer
+
+# Version pinned by api/go.mod
+$(MYGOBIN)/goimports:
+	cd api; \
+	go install golang.org/x/tools/cmd/goimports
+
+# TODO: need a new release of the API, followed by a new pluginator.
+# pluginator v1.1.0 is too old for the code currently needed in the API.
+# Can release a new one at any time, just haven't done so.
+# When one has been released,
+#  - uncomment the pluginator line in './api/internal/tools/tools.go'
+#  - pin the version tag in './api/go.mod' to match the new release
+#  - change the following to 'cd api; go install sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/pluginator'
+$(MYGOBIN)/pluginator:
+	cd pluginator; \
+	go install .
+
+.PHONY: install-tools
+install-tools: \
+	$(MYGOBIN)/goimports \
+	$(MYGOBIN)/golangci-lint \
+	$(MYGOBIN)/mdrip \
+	$(MYGOBIN)/pluginator \
+	$(MYGOBIN)/stringer
+
+# Builtin plugins are generated code.
+# Add new items here to create new builtins.
+builtinplugins = \
+	api/builtins/annotationstransformer.go \
+	api/builtins/configmapgenerator.go \
+	api/builtins/hashtransformer.go \
+	api/builtins/imagetagtransformer.go \
+	api/builtins/inventorytransformer.go \
+	api/builtins/labeltransformer.go \
+	api/builtins/legacyordertransformer.go \
+	api/builtins/namespacetransformer.go \
+	api/builtins/patchjson6902transformer.go \
+	api/builtins/patchstrategicmergetransformer.go \
+	api/builtins/patchtransformer.go \
+	api/builtins/prefixsuffixtransformer.go \
+	api/builtins/replicacounttransformer.go \
+	api/builtins/secretgenerator.go
+
+.PHONY: lint
+lint: install-tools $(builtinplugins)
+	cd api; $(MYGOBIN)/golangci-lint run ./...
+	cd kustomize; $(MYGOBIN)/golangci-lint run ./...
+	cd pluginator; $(MYGOBIN)/golangci-lint run ./...
+
+api/builtins/%.go: $(MYGOBIN)/pluginator
+	@echo "generating $*"; \
+	cd plugin/builtin/$*; \
+	go generate .; \
+	cd ../../../api/builtins; \
+	$(MYGOBIN)/goimports -w $*.go
+
+.PHONY: generate
+generate: $(builtinplugins)
+
+.PHONY: unit-test-api
+unit-test-api: $(builtinplugins)
+	cd api; go test ./...
+
+.PHONY: unit-test-plugins
+unit-test-plugins:
+	./hack/runPluginUnitTests.sh
+
+.PHONY: unit-test-kustomize
+unit-test-kustomize:
+	cd kustomize; go test ./...
+
+.PHONY: unit-test-all
+unit-test-all: unit-test-api unit-test-kustomize unit-test-plugins
+
+# linux only.
+# This is for testing an example plugin that
+# uses kubeval for validation.
+# Don't want to add a hard dependence in go.mod file
+# to github.com/instrumenta/kubeval.
+# Instead, download the binary.
+$(MYGOBIN)/kubeval:
+	d=$(shell mktemp -d); cd $$d; \
+	wget https://github.com/instrumenta/kubeval/releases/latest/download/kubeval-linux-amd64.tar.gz; \
+	tar xf kubeval-linux-amd64.tar.gz; \
+	mv kubeval $(MYGOBIN); \
+	rm -rf $$d
+
+# linux only.
+# This is for testing an example plugin that
+# uses helm to inflate a chart for subsequent kustomization.
+# Don't want to add a hard dependence in go.mod file
+# to helm.
+# Instead, download the binary.
+$(MYGOBIN)/helm:
+	d=$(shell mktemp -d); cd $$d; \
+	wget https://storage.googleapis.com/kubernetes-helm/helm-v2.13.1-linux-amd64.tar.gz; \
+	tar -xvzf helm-v2.13.1-linux-amd64.tar.gz; \
+	mv linux-amd64/helm $(MYGOBIN); \
+	rm -rf $$d
+
+.PHONY: clean
+clean:
+	rm -f $(builtinplugins)
+	rm -f $(MYGOBIN)/pluginator
+
+.PHONY: nuke
+nuke: clean
+	sudo rm -rf $(shell go env GOPATH)/pkg/mod/sigs.k8s.io

OWNERS_ALIASES

@@ -1,6 +1,5 @@
 aliases:
   kustomize-admins:
-    - grodrigues3
     - monopole
     - pwittrock
   kustomize-maintainers:

README.md

@@ -1,71 +1,186 @@
 # kustomize
 
-[applied]: docs/glossary.md#apply
-[base]: docs/glossary.md#base
-[declarative configuration]: docs/glossary.md#declarative-application-management
-[demo]: demos/README.md
-[demos]: demos/README.md
-[imageBase]: docs/base.jpg
-[imageOverlay]: docs/overlay.jpg
-[kubernetes style]: docs/glossary.md#kubernetes-style-object
-[KEP]: https://github.com/kubernetes/community/blob/master/keps/sig-cli/0008-kustomize.md
-[kustomization]: docs/glossary.md#kustomization
-[overlay]: docs/glossary.md#overlay
-[resources]: docs/glossary.md#resource
-[sig-cli]: https://github.com/kubernetes/community/blob/master/sig-cli/README.md
-[workflows]: docs/workflows.md
+`kustomize` lets you customize raw, template-free YAML
+files for multiple purposes, leaving the original YAML
+untouched and usable as is.
 
+`kustomize` targets kubernetes; it understands and can
+patch [kubernetes style] API objects.  It's like
+[`make`], in that what it does is declared in a file,
+and it's like [`sed`], in that it emits edited text.
 
-`kustomize` is a command line tool supporting
-template-free customization of YAML (or JSON) objects
-that conform to the [kubernetes style].  If your
-objects have a `kind` and a `metadata` field,
-`kustomize` can patch them to support configuration
-sharing and re-use.
+This tool is sponsored by [sig-cli] ([KEP]), and
+inspired by [DAM].
 
-For more details, try a [demo].
 
 [![Build Status](https://travis-ci.org/kubernetes-sigs/kustomize.svg?branch=master)](https://travis-ci.org/kubernetes-sigs/kustomize)
 [![Go Report Card](https://goreportcard.com/badge/github.com/kubernetes-sigs/kustomize)](https://goreportcard.com/report/github.com/kubernetes-sigs/kustomize)
 
+Download a binary from the [release page], or see
+these [instructions](docs/INSTALL.md).
 
-## Installation
+Browse the [docs](docs) or jump right into the
+tested [examples](examples).
 
-This assumes [Go](https://golang.org/) (v1.10.1 or higher)
-is installed and your `PATH` contains `$GOPATH/bin`:
+## kubectl integration
 
-<!-- @installkustomize @test -->
-```
-go get github.com/kubernetes-sigs/kustomize
-```
+Since [v1.14][kubectl announcement] the kustomize build system has been included in kubectl.
 
+| kubectl version | kustomize version |
+|---------|--------|
+| v1.16.0 | [v2.0.3](https://github.com/kubernetes-sigs/kustomize/tree/v2.0.3) |
+| v1.15.x | [v2.0.3](https://github.com/kubernetes-sigs/kustomize/tree/v2.0.3) |
+| v1.14.x | [v2.0.3](https://github.com/kubernetes-sigs/kustomize/tree/v2.0.3) |
+
+For examples and guides for using the kubectl integration please see the [kubectl book] or the [kubernetes documentation].
 
 ## Usage
 
-#### 1) Make a base
 
-A [base] configuration is a [kustomization] file listing a set of
-k8s [resources] - deployments, services, configmaps,
-secrets that serve some common purpose.
+### 1) Make a [kustomization] file
+
+In some directory containing your YAML [resource]
+files (deployments, services, configmaps, etc.), create a
+[kustomization] file.
+
+This file should declare those resources, and any
+customization to apply to them, e.g. _add a common
+label_.
 
 ![base image][imageBase]
 
-#### 2) Customize it with overlays
+File structure:
 
-An [overlay] customizes your base along different dimensions
-for different purposes or different teams, e.g. for
-_development, staging and production_.
+> ```
+> ~/someApp
+> ├── deployment.yaml
+> ├── kustomization.yaml
+> └── service.yaml
+> ```
+
+The resources in this directory could be a fork of
+someone else's configuration.  If so, you can easily
+rebase from the source material to capture
+improvements, because you don't modify the resources
+directly.
+
+Generate customized YAML with:
+
+```
+kustomize build ~/someApp
+```
+
+The YAML can be directly [applied] to a cluster:
+
+> ```
+> kustomize build ~/someApp | kubectl apply -f -
+> ```
+
+
+### 2) Create [variants] using [overlays]
+
+Manage traditional [variants] of a configuration - like
+_development_, _staging_ and _production_ - using
+[overlays] that modify a common [base].
 
 ![overlay image][imageOverlay]
 
-#### 3) Run kustomize
+File structure:
+> ```
+> ~/someApp
+> ├── base
+> │   ├── deployment.yaml
+> │   ├── kustomization.yaml
+> │   └── service.yaml
+> └── overlays
+>     ├── development
+>     │   ├── cpu_count.yaml
+>     │   ├── kustomization.yaml
+>     │   └── replica_count.yaml
+>     └── production
+>         ├── cpu_count.yaml
+>         ├── kustomization.yaml
+>         └── replica_count.yaml
+> ```
 
-Run `kustomize` on your overlay.  The result
-is printed to `stdout` as a set of complete
-resources, ready to be [applied] to a cluster.
-See the [demos].
+Take the work from step (1) above, move it into a
+`someApp` subdirectory called `base`, then
+place overlays in a sibling directory.
 
+An overlay is just another kustomization, refering to
+the base, and referring to patches to apply to that
+base.
 
-## About
+This arrangement makes it easy to manage your
+configuration with `git`.  The base could have files
+from an upstream repository managed by someone else.
+The overlays could be in a repository you own.
+Arranging the repo clones as siblings on disk avoids
+the need for git submodules (though that works fine, if
+you are a submodule fan).
 
-This project sponsored by [sig-cli] ([KEP]).
+Generate YAML with
+
+```sh
+kustomize build ~/someApp/overlays/production
+```
+
+The YAML can be directly [applied] to a cluster:
+
+> ```sh
+> kustomize build ~/someApp/overlays/production | kubectl apply -f -
+> ```
+
+## Community
+
+To file bugs please read [this](docs/bugs.md).
+
+Before working on an implementation, please
+
+ * Read the [eschewed feature list].
+ * File an issue describing
+   how the new feature would behave
+   and label it [kind/feature].
+
+### Other communication channels
+
+- [Slack]
+- [Mailing List]
+- General kubernetes [community page]
+
+### Code of conduct
+
+Participation in the Kubernetes community
+is governed by the [Kubernetes Code of Conduct].
+
+[`make`]: https://www.gnu.org/software/make
+[`sed`]: https://www.gnu.org/software/sed
+[DAM]: docs/glossary.md#declarative-application-management
+[KEP]: https://github.com/kubernetes/enhancements/blob/master/keps/sig-cli/0008-kustomize.md
+[Kubernetes Code of Conduct]: code-of-conduct.md
+[Mailing List]: https://groups.google.com/forum/#!forum/kubernetes-sig-cli
+[Slack]: https://kubernetes.slack.com/messages/sig-cli
+[applied]: docs/glossary.md#apply
+[base]: docs/glossary.md#base
+[community page]: http://kubernetes.io/community/
+[declarative configuration]: docs/glossary.md#declarative-application-management
+[eschewed feature list]: docs/eschewedFeatures.md
+[imageBase]: docs/images/base.jpg
+[imageOverlay]: docs/images/overlay.jpg
+[kind/feature]: https://github.com/kubernetes-sigs/kustomize/labels/kind%2Ffeature
+[kubectl announcement]: https://kubernetes.io/blog/2019/03/25/kubernetes-1-14-release-announcement
+[kubectl book]: https://kubectl.docs.kubernetes.io/pages/app_customization/introduction.html
+[kubernetes documentation]: https://kubernetes.io/docs/tasks/manage-kubernetes-objects/kustomization/
+[kubernetes style]: docs/glossary.md#kubernetes-style-object
+[kustomization]: docs/glossary.md#kustomization
+[overlay]: docs/glossary.md#overlay
+[overlays]: docs/glossary.md#overlay
+[release page]: https://github.com/kubernetes-sigs/kustomize/releases
+[resource]: docs/glossary.md#resource
+[resources]: docs/glossary.md#resource
+[sig-cli]: https://github.com/kubernetes/community/blob/master/sig-cli/README.md
+[variant]: docs/glossary.md#variant
+[variants]: docs/glossary.md#variant
+[v2.0.3]: https://github.com/kubernetes-sigs/kustomize/releases/tag/v2.0.3
+[v2.1.0]: https://github.com/kubernetes-sigs/kustomize/releases/tag/v2.1.0
+[workflows]: docs/workflows.md

SECURITY_CONTACTS

@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+# Defined below are the security contacts for this repo.
+#
+# They are the contact point for the Product Security Team to reach out
+# to for triaging and handling of incoming issues.
+#
+# The below names agree to abide by the
+# [Embargo Policy](https://github.com/kubernetes/sig-release/blob/master/security-release-process-documentation/security-release-process.md#embargo-policy)
+# and will be removed and replaced if they violate that agreement.
+#
+# DO NOT REPORT SECURITY VULNERABILITIES DIRECTLY TO THESE NAMES, FOLLOW THE
+# INSTRUCTIONS AT https://kubernetes.io/security/
+
+monopole
+Liujingfang1
+pwittrock

api/builtins/annotationstransformer.go

@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+// Code generated by pluginator on AnnotationsTransformer; DO NOT EDIT.
+// pluginator {unknown  1970-01-01T00:00:00Z  }
+
+package builtins
+
+import (
+	"sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/api/resmap"
+	"sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/api/transform"
+	"sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/api/types"
+	"sigs.k8s.io/yaml"
+)
+
+// Add the given annotations to the given field specifications.
+type AnnotationsTransformerPlugin struct {
+	Annotations map[string]string `json:"annotations,omitempty" yaml:"annotations,omitempty"`
+	FieldSpecs  []types.FieldSpec `json:"fieldSpecs,omitempty" yaml:"fieldSpecs,omitempty"`
+}
+
+func (p *AnnotationsTransformerPlugin) Config(
+	h *resmap.PluginHelpers, c []byte) (err error) {
+	p.Annotations = nil
+	p.FieldSpecs = nil
+	return yaml.Unmarshal(c, p)
+}
+
+func (p *AnnotationsTransformerPlugin) Transform(m resmap.ResMap) error {
+	t, err := transform.NewMapTransformer(
+		p.FieldSpecs,
+		p.Annotations,
+	)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	return t.Transform(m)
+}
+
+func NewAnnotationsTransformerPlugin() resmap.TransformerPlugin {
+	return &AnnotationsTransformerPlugin{}
+}

api/builtins/configmapgenerator.go

@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+// Code generated by pluginator on ConfigMapGenerator; DO NOT EDIT.
+// pluginator {unknown  1970-01-01T00:00:00Z  }
+
+package builtins
+
+import (
+	"sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/api/kv"
+	"sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/api/resmap"
+	"sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/api/types"
+	"sigs.k8s.io/yaml"
+)
+
+type ConfigMapGeneratorPlugin struct {
+	h                *resmap.PluginHelpers
+	types.ObjectMeta `json:"metadata,omitempty" yaml:"metadata,omitempty" protobuf:"bytes,1,opt,name=metadata"`
+	types.GeneratorOptions
+	types.ConfigMapArgs
+}
+
+func (p *ConfigMapGeneratorPlugin) Config(
+	h *resmap.PluginHelpers, config []byte) (err error) {
+	p.GeneratorOptions = types.GeneratorOptions{}
+	p.ConfigMapArgs = types.ConfigMapArgs{}
+	err = yaml.Unmarshal(config, p)
+	if p.ConfigMapArgs.Name == "" {
+		p.ConfigMapArgs.Name = p.Name
+	}
+	if p.ConfigMapArgs.Namespace == "" {
+		p.ConfigMapArgs.Namespace = p.Namespace
+	}
+	p.h = h
+	return
+}
+
+func (p *ConfigMapGeneratorPlugin) Generate() (resmap.ResMap, error) {
+	return p.h.ResmapFactory().FromConfigMapArgs(
+		kv.NewLoader(p.h.Loader(), p.h.Validator()),
+		&p.GeneratorOptions, p.ConfigMapArgs)
+}
+
+func NewConfigMapGeneratorPlugin() resmap.GeneratorPlugin {
+	return &ConfigMapGeneratorPlugin{}
+}

api/builtins/doc.go

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+// Copyright 2019 The Kubernetes Authors.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+
+// Package builtins holds code generated from the builtin plugins.
+// The "builtin" plugins are written as normal plugins and can
+// be used as such, but they are also used to generate the code
+// in this package so they can be statically linked to client code.
+package builtins

api/builtins/hashtransformer.go

@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+// Code generated by pluginator on HashTransformer; DO NOT EDIT.
+// pluginator {unknown  1970-01-01T00:00:00Z  }
+
+package builtins
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+
+	"sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/api/ifc"
+	"sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/api/resmap"
+)
+
+type HashTransformerPlugin struct {
+	hasher ifc.KunstructuredHasher
+}
+
+func (p *HashTransformerPlugin) Config(
+	h *resmap.PluginHelpers, config []byte) (err error) {
+	p.hasher = h.ResmapFactory().RF().Hasher()
+	return nil
+}
+
+// Transform appends hash to generated resources.
+func (p *HashTransformerPlugin) Transform(m resmap.ResMap) error {
+	for _, res := range m.Resources() {
+		if res.NeedHashSuffix() {
+			h, err := p.hasher.Hash(res)
+			if err != nil {
+				return err
+			}
+			res.SetName(fmt.Sprintf("%s-%s", res.GetName(), h))
+		}
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+func NewHashTransformerPlugin() resmap.TransformerPlugin {
+	return &HashTransformerPlugin{}
+}

api/builtins/imagetagtransformer.go

@@ -0,0 +1,185 @@
+// Code generated by pluginator on ImageTagTransformer; DO NOT EDIT.
+// pluginator {unknown  1970-01-01T00:00:00Z  }
+
+package builtins
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"regexp"
+	"strings"
+
+	"sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/api/transform"
+	"sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/api/types"
+
+	"sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/api/resmap"
+	"sigs.k8s.io/yaml"
+)
+
+// Find matching image declarations and replace
+// the name, tag and/or digest.
+type ImageTagTransformerPlugin struct {
+	ImageTag   types.Image       `json:"imageTag,omitempty" yaml:"imageTag,omitempty"`
+	FieldSpecs []types.FieldSpec `json:"fieldSpecs,omitempty" yaml:"fieldSpecs,omitempty"`
+}
+
+func (p *ImageTagTransformerPlugin) Config(
+	h *resmap.PluginHelpers, c []byte) (err error) {
+	p.ImageTag = types.Image{}
+	p.FieldSpecs = nil
+	return yaml.Unmarshal(c, p)
+}
+
+func (p *ImageTagTransformerPlugin) Transform(m resmap.ResMap) error {
+	for _, r := range m.Resources() {
+		for _, path := range p.FieldSpecs {
+			if !r.OrgId().IsSelected(&path.Gvk) {
+				continue
+			}
+			err := transform.MutateField(
+				r.Map(), path.PathSlice(), false, p.mutateImage)
+			if err != nil {
+				return err
+			}
+		}
+		// Kept for backward compatibility
+		if err := p.findAndReplaceImage(r.Map()); err != nil && r.OrgId().Kind != `CustomResourceDefinition` {
+			return err
+		}
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (p *ImageTagTransformerPlugin) mutateImage(in interface{}) (interface{}, error) {
+	original, ok := in.(string)
+	if !ok {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("image path is not of type string but %T", in)
+	}
+
+	if !isImageMatched(original, p.ImageTag.Name) {
+		return original, nil
+	}
+	name, tag := split(original)
+	if p.ImageTag.NewName != "" {
+		name = p.ImageTag.NewName
+	}
+	if p.ImageTag.NewTag != "" {
+		tag = ":" + p.ImageTag.NewTag
+	}
+	if p.ImageTag.Digest != "" {
+		tag = "@" + p.ImageTag.Digest
+	}
+	return name + tag, nil
+}
+
+// findAndReplaceImage replaces the image name and
+// tags inside one object.
+// It searches the object for container session
+// then loops though all images inside containers
+// session, finds matched ones and update the
+// image name and tag name
+func (p *ImageTagTransformerPlugin) findAndReplaceImage(obj map[string]interface{}) error {
+	paths := []string{"containers", "initContainers"}
+	updated := false
+	for _, path := range paths {
+		containers, found := obj[path]
+		if found {
+			if _, err := p.updateContainers(containers); err != nil {
+				return err
+			}
+			updated = true
+		}
+	}
+	if !updated {
+		return p.findContainers(obj)
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (p *ImageTagTransformerPlugin) updateContainers(in interface{}) (interface{}, error) {
+	containers, ok := in.([]interface{})
+	if !ok {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf(
+			"containers path is not of type []interface{} but %T", in)
+	}
+	for i := range containers {
+		container := containers[i].(map[string]interface{})
+		containerImage, found := container["image"]
+		if !found {
+			continue
+		}
+		imageName := containerImage.(string)
+		if isImageMatched(imageName, p.ImageTag.Name) {
+			newImage, err := p.mutateImage(imageName)
+			if err != nil {
+				return nil, err
+			}
+			container["image"] = newImage
+		}
+	}
+	return containers, nil
+}
+
+func (p *ImageTagTransformerPlugin) findContainers(obj map[string]interface{}) error {
+	for key := range obj {
+		switch typedV := obj[key].(type) {
+		case map[string]interface{}:
+			err := p.findAndReplaceImage(typedV)
+			if err != nil {
+				return err
+			}
+		case []interface{}:
+			for i := range typedV {
+				item := typedV[i]
+				typedItem, ok := item.(map[string]interface{})
+				if ok {
+					err := p.findAndReplaceImage(typedItem)
+					if err != nil {
+						return err
+					}
+				}
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+func isImageMatched(s, t string) bool {
+	// Tag values are limited to [a-zA-Z0-9_.-].
+	pattern, _ := regexp.Compile("^" + t + "(@sha256)?(:[a-zA-Z0-9_.-]*)?$")
+	return pattern.MatchString(s)
+}
+
+// split separates and returns the name and tag parts
+// from the image string using either colon `:` or at `@` separators.
+// Note that the returned tag keeps its separator.
+func split(imageName string) (name string, tag string) {
+	// check if image name contains a domain
+	// if domain is present, ignore domain and check for `:`
+	ic := -1
+	if slashIndex := strings.Index(imageName, "/"); slashIndex < 0 {
+		ic = strings.LastIndex(imageName, ":")
+	} else {
+		lastIc := strings.LastIndex(imageName[slashIndex:], ":")
+		// set ic only if `:` is present
+		if lastIc > 0 {
+			ic = slashIndex + lastIc
+		}
+	}
+	ia := strings.LastIndex(imageName, "@")
+	if ic < 0 && ia < 0 {
+		return imageName, ""
+	}
+
+	i := ic
+	if ia > 0 {
+		i = ia
+	}
+
+	name = imageName[:i]
+	tag = imageName[i:]
+	return
+}
+
+func NewImageTagTransformerPlugin() resmap.TransformerPlugin {
+	return &ImageTagTransformerPlugin{}
+}

api/builtins/inventorytransformer.go

@@ -0,0 +1,128 @@
+// Code generated by pluginator on InventoryTransformer; DO NOT EDIT.
+// pluginator {unknown  1970-01-01T00:00:00Z  }
+
+package builtins
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+
+	"sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/api/hasher"
+	"sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/api/inventory"
+	"sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/api/kv"
+	"sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/api/resid"
+	"sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/api/resmap"
+	"sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/api/resource"
+	"sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/api/types"
+	"sigs.k8s.io/yaml"
+)
+
+type InventoryTransformerPlugin struct {
+	h                *resmap.PluginHelpers
+	types.ObjectMeta `json:"metadata,omitempty" yaml:"metadata,omitempty" protobuf:"bytes,1,opt,name=metadata"`
+	Policy           string `json:"policy,omitempty" yaml:"policy,omitempty"`
+}
+
+func (p *InventoryTransformerPlugin) Config(
+	h *resmap.PluginHelpers, c []byte) (err error) {
+	p.h = h
+	err = yaml.Unmarshal(c, p)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	if p.Policy == "" {
+		p.Policy = types.GarbageIgnore.String()
+	}
+	if p.Policy != types.GarbageCollect.String() &&
+		p.Policy != types.GarbageIgnore.String() {
+		return fmt.Errorf(
+			"unrecognized garbagePolicy '%s'", p.Policy)
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+// Transform generates an inventory object from the input ResMap.
+// This ConfigMap supports the pruning command in
+// the client side tool proposed here:
+// https://github.com/kubernetes/enhancements/pull/810
+//
+// The inventory data is written to the ConfigMap's
+// annotations, rather than to the key-value pairs in
+// the ConfigMap's data field, since
+//   1. Keys in a ConfigMap's data field are too
+//      constrained for this purpose.
+//   2. Using annotations allow any object to be used,
+//      not just a ConfigMap, should some other object
+//      (e.g. some App object) become more desirable
+//      for this purpose.
+func (p *InventoryTransformerPlugin) Transform(m resmap.ResMap) error {
+
+	inv, h, err := makeInventory(m)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	args := types.ConfigMapArgs{}
+	args.Name = p.Name
+	args.Namespace = p.Namespace
+	opts := &types.GeneratorOptions{
+		Annotations: make(map[string]string),
+	}
+	opts.Annotations[inventory.HashAnnotation] = h
+	err = inv.UpdateAnnotations(opts.Annotations)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	cm, err := p.h.ResmapFactory().RF().MakeConfigMap(
+		kv.NewLoader(p.h.Loader(), p.h.Validator()), opts, &args)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	if p.Policy == types.GarbageCollect.String() {
+		for _, byeBye := range m.AllIds() {
+			m.Remove(byeBye)
+		}
+	}
+	return m.Append(cm)
+}
+
+func makeInventory(m resmap.ResMap) (
+	inv *inventory.Inventory, hash string, err error) {
+	inv = inventory.NewInventory()
+	var keys []string
+	for _, r := range m.Resources() {
+		ns := r.GetNamespace()
+		item := resid.NewResIdWithNamespace(r.GetGvk(), r.GetName(), ns)
+		if _, ok := inv.Current[item]; ok {
+			return nil, "", fmt.Errorf(
+				"item '%v' already in inventory", item)
+		}
+		inv.Current[item], err = computeRefs(r, m)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, "", err
+		}
+		keys = append(keys, item.String())
+	}
+	h, err := hasher.SortArrayAndComputeHash(keys)
+	return inv, h, err
+}
+
+func computeRefs(
+	r *resource.Resource, m resmap.ResMap) (refs []resid.ResId, err error) {
+	for _, refid := range r.GetRefBy() {
+		ref, err := m.GetByCurrentId(refid)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		refs = append(
+			refs,
+			resid.NewResIdWithNamespace(
+				ref.GetGvk(), ref.GetName(), ref.GetNamespace()))
+	}
+	return
+}
+
+func NewInventoryTransformerPlugin() resmap.TransformerPlugin {
+	return &InventoryTransformerPlugin{}
+}

api/builtins/labeltransformer.go

@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+// Code generated by pluginator on LabelTransformer; DO NOT EDIT.
+// pluginator {unknown  1970-01-01T00:00:00Z  }
+
+package builtins
+
+import (
+	"sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/api/resmap"
+	"sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/api/transform"
+	"sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/api/types"
+	"sigs.k8s.io/yaml"
+)
+
+// Add the given labels to the given field specifications.
+type LabelTransformerPlugin struct {
+	Labels     map[string]string `json:"labels,omitempty" yaml:"labels,omitempty"`
+	FieldSpecs []types.FieldSpec `json:"fieldSpecs,omitempty" yaml:"fieldSpecs,omitempty"`
+}
+
+func (p *LabelTransformerPlugin) Config(
+	h *resmap.PluginHelpers, c []byte) (err error) {
+	p.Labels = nil
+	p.FieldSpecs = nil
+	return yaml.Unmarshal(c, p)
+}
+
+func (p *LabelTransformerPlugin) Transform(m resmap.ResMap) error {
+	t, err := transform.NewMapTransformer(
+		p.FieldSpecs,
+		p.Labels,
+	)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	return t.Transform(m)
+}
+
+func NewLabelTransformerPlugin() resmap.TransformerPlugin {
+	return &LabelTransformerPlugin{}
+}

api/builtins/legacyordertransformer.go

@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+// Code generated by pluginator on LegacyOrderTransformer; DO NOT EDIT.
+// pluginator {unknown  1970-01-01T00:00:00Z  }
+
+package builtins
+
+import (
+	"sort"
+
+	"github.com/pkg/errors"
+	"sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/api/resmap"
+	"sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/api/resource"
+)
+
+// Sort the resources using an ordering defined in the Gvk class.
+// This puts cluster-wide basic resources with no
+// dependencies (like Namespace, StorageClass, etc.)
+// first, and resources with a high number of dependencies
+// (like ValidatingWebhookConfiguration) last.
+type LegacyOrderTransformerPlugin struct{}
+
+// Nothing needed for configuration.
+func (p *LegacyOrderTransformerPlugin) Config(
+	h *resmap.PluginHelpers, c []byte) (err error) {
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (p *LegacyOrderTransformerPlugin) Transform(m resmap.ResMap) (err error) {
+	resources := make([]*resource.Resource, m.Size())
+	ids := m.AllIds()
+	sort.Sort(resmap.IdSlice(ids))
+	for i, id := range ids {
+		resources[i], err = m.GetByCurrentId(id)
+		if err != nil {
+			return errors.Wrap(err, "expected match for sorting")
+		}
+	}
+	m.Clear()
+	for _, r := range resources {
+		m.Append(r)
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+func NewLegacyOrderTransformerPlugin() resmap.TransformerPlugin {
+	return &LegacyOrderTransformerPlugin{}
+}

api/builtins/namespacetransformer.go

@@ -0,0 +1,131 @@
+// Code generated by pluginator on NamespaceTransformer; DO NOT EDIT.
+// pluginator {unknown  1970-01-01T00:00:00Z  }
+
+package builtins
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+
+	"sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/api/transform"
+
+	"sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/api/resid"
+	"sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/api/resmap"
+	"sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/api/resource"
+	"sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/api/types"
+	"sigs.k8s.io/yaml"
+)
+
+// Change or set the namespace of non-cluster level resources.
+type NamespaceTransformerPlugin struct {
+	types.ObjectMeta `json:"metadata,omitempty" yaml:"metadata,omitempty" protobuf:"bytes,1,opt,name=metadata"`
+	FieldSpecs       []types.FieldSpec `json:"fieldSpecs,omitempty" yaml:"fieldSpecs,omitempty"`
+}
+
+func (p *NamespaceTransformerPlugin) Config(
+	h *resmap.PluginHelpers, c []byte) (err error) {
+	p.Namespace = ""
+	p.FieldSpecs = nil
+	return yaml.Unmarshal(c, p)
+}
+
+func (p *NamespaceTransformerPlugin) Transform(m resmap.ResMap) error {
+	if len(p.Namespace) == 0 {
+		return nil
+	}
+	for _, r := range m.Resources() {
+		if len(r.Map()) == 0 {
+			// Don't mutate empty objects?
+			continue
+		}
+
+		id := r.OrgId()
+		applicableFs := p.applicableFieldSpecs(id)
+
+		for _, fs := range applicableFs {
+			err := transform.MutateField(
+				r.Map(), fs.PathSlice(), fs.CreateIfNotPresent,
+				p.changeNamespace(r))
+			if err != nil {
+				return err
+			}
+		}
+
+		matches := m.GetMatchingResourcesByCurrentId(r.CurId().Equals)
+		if len(matches) != 1 {
+			return fmt.Errorf("namespace tranformation produces ID conflict: %#v", matches)
+		}
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+const metaNamespace = "metadata/namespace"
+
+// Special casing metadata.namespace since
+// all objects have it, even "ClusterKind" objects
+// that don't exist in a namespace (the Namespace
+// object itself doesn't live in a namespace).
+func (p *NamespaceTransformerPlugin) applicableFieldSpecs(id resid.ResId) []types.FieldSpec {
+	var res []types.FieldSpec
+	for _, fs := range p.FieldSpecs {
+		if id.IsSelected(&fs.Gvk) && (fs.Path != metaNamespace || (fs.Path == metaNamespace && id.IsNamespaceableKind())) {
+			res = append(res, fs)
+		}
+	}
+	return res
+}
+
+func (p *NamespaceTransformerPlugin) changeNamespace(
+	referrer *resource.Resource) func(in interface{}) (interface{}, error) {
+	return func(in interface{}) (interface{}, error) {
+		switch in.(type) {
+		case string:
+			// will happen when the metadata/namespace
+			// value is replaced
+			return p.Namespace, nil
+		case []interface{}:
+			l, _ := in.([]interface{})
+			for idx, item := range l {
+				switch item.(type) {
+				case map[string]interface{}:
+					// Will happen when mutating the subjects
+					// field of ClusterRoleBinding and RoleBinding
+					inMap, _ := item.(map[string]interface{})
+					if _, ok := inMap["name"]; !ok {
+						continue
+					}
+					name, ok := inMap["name"].(string)
+					if !ok {
+						continue
+					}
+					// The only case we need to force the namespace
+					// if for the "service account". "default" is
+					// kind of hardcoded here for right now.
+					if name != "default" {
+						continue
+					}
+					inMap["namespace"] = p.Namespace
+					l[idx] = inMap
+				default:
+					// nothing to do for right now
+				}
+			}
+			return in, nil
+		case map[string]interface{}:
+			// Will happen if the createField=true
+			// when the namespace is added to the
+			// object
+			inMap := in.(map[string]interface{})
+			if len(inMap) == 0 {
+				return p.Namespace, nil
+			} else {
+				return in, nil
+			}
+		default:
+			return in, nil
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func NewNamespaceTransformerPlugin() resmap.TransformerPlugin {
+	return &NamespaceTransformerPlugin{}
+}

api/builtins/patchjson6902transformer.go

@@ -0,0 +1,100 @@
+// Code generated by pluginator on PatchJson6902Transformer; DO NOT EDIT.
+// pluginator {unknown  1970-01-01T00:00:00Z  }
+
+package builtins
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+
+	jsonpatch "github.com/evanphx/json-patch"
+	"github.com/pkg/errors"
+	"sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/api/ifc"
+	"sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/api/resid"
+	"sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/api/resmap"
+	"sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/api/types"
+	"sigs.k8s.io/yaml"
+)
+
+type PatchJson6902TransformerPlugin struct {
+	ldr          ifc.Loader
+	decodedPatch jsonpatch.Patch
+	Target       types.PatchTarget `json:"target,omitempty" yaml:"target,omitempty"`
+	Path         string            `json:"path,omitempty" yaml:"path,omitempty"`
+	JsonOp       string            `json:"jsonOp,omitempty" yaml:"jsonOp,omitempty"`
+}
+
+func (p *PatchJson6902TransformerPlugin) Config(
+	h *resmap.PluginHelpers, c []byte) (err error) {
+	p.ldr = h.Loader()
+	err = yaml.Unmarshal(c, p)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	if p.Target.Name == "" {
+		return fmt.Errorf("must specify the target name")
+	}
+	if p.Path == "" && p.JsonOp == "" {
+		return fmt.Errorf("empty file path and empty jsonOp")
+	}
+	if p.Path != "" {
+		if p.JsonOp != "" {
+			return fmt.Errorf("must specify a file path or jsonOp, not both")
+		}
+		rawOp, err := p.ldr.Load(p.Path)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		p.JsonOp = string(rawOp)
+		if p.JsonOp == "" {
+			return fmt.Errorf("patch file '%s' empty seems to be empty", p.Path)
+		}
+	}
+	if p.JsonOp[0] != '[' {
+		// if it doesn't seem to be JSON, imagine
+		// it is YAML, and convert to JSON.
+		op, err := yaml.YAMLToJSON([]byte(p.JsonOp))
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		p.JsonOp = string(op)
+	}
+	p.decodedPatch, err = jsonpatch.DecodePatch([]byte(p.JsonOp))
+	if err != nil {
+		return errors.Wrapf(err, "decoding %s", p.JsonOp)
+	}
+	if len(p.decodedPatch) == 0 {
+		return fmt.Errorf(
+			"patch appears to be empty; file=%s, JsonOp=%s", p.Path, p.JsonOp)
+	}
+	return err
+}
+
+func (p *PatchJson6902TransformerPlugin) Transform(m resmap.ResMap) error {
+	id := resid.NewResIdWithNamespace(
+		resid.Gvk{
+			Group:   p.Target.Group,
+			Version: p.Target.Version,
+			Kind:    p.Target.Kind,
+		},
+		p.Target.Name,
+		p.Target.Namespace,
+	)
+	obj, err := m.GetById(id)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	rawObj, err := obj.MarshalJSON()
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	modifiedObj, err := p.decodedPatch.Apply(rawObj)
+	if err != nil {
+		return errors.Wrapf(
+			err, "failed to apply json patch '%s'", p.JsonOp)
+	}
+	return obj.UnmarshalJSON(modifiedObj)
+}
+
+func NewPatchJson6902TransformerPlugin() resmap.TransformerPlugin {
+	return &PatchJson6902TransformerPlugin{}
+}

api/builtins/patchstrategicmergetransformer.go

@@ -0,0 +1,90 @@
+// Code generated by pluginator on PatchStrategicMergeTransformer; DO NOT EDIT.
+// pluginator {unknown  1970-01-01T00:00:00Z  }
+
+package builtins
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+
+	"sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/api/resmap"
+	"sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/api/resource"
+	"sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/api/types"
+	"sigs.k8s.io/yaml"
+)
+
+type PatchStrategicMergeTransformerPlugin struct {
+	h             *resmap.PluginHelpers
+	loadedPatches []*resource.Resource
+	Paths         []types.PatchStrategicMerge `json:"paths,omitempty" yaml:"paths,omitempty"`
+	Patches       string                      `json:"patches,omitempty" yaml:"patches,omitempty"`
+}
+
+func (p *PatchStrategicMergeTransformerPlugin) Config(
+	h *resmap.PluginHelpers, c []byte) (err error) {
+	p.h = h
+	err = yaml.Unmarshal(c, p)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	if len(p.Paths) == 0 && p.Patches == "" {
+		return fmt.Errorf("empty file path and empty patch content")
+	}
+	if len(p.Paths) != 0 {
+		for _, onePath := range p.Paths {
+			res, err := p.h.ResmapFactory().RF().SliceFromBytes([]byte(onePath))
+			if err == nil {
+				p.loadedPatches = append(p.loadedPatches, res...)
+				continue
+			}
+			res, err = p.h.ResmapFactory().RF().SliceFromPatches(
+				p.h.Loader(), []types.PatchStrategicMerge{onePath})
+			if err != nil {
+				return err
+			}
+			p.loadedPatches = append(p.loadedPatches, res...)
+		}
+	}
+	if p.Patches != "" {
+		res, err := p.h.ResmapFactory().RF().SliceFromBytes([]byte(p.Patches))
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		p.loadedPatches = append(p.loadedPatches, res...)
+	}
+
+	if len(p.loadedPatches) == 0 {
+		return fmt.Errorf(
+			"patch appears to be empty; files=%v, Patch=%s", p.Paths, p.Patches)
+	}
+	return err
+}
+
+func (p *PatchStrategicMergeTransformerPlugin) Transform(m resmap.ResMap) error {
+	patches, err := p.h.ResmapFactory().MergePatches(p.loadedPatches)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	for _, patch := range patches.Resources() {
+		target, err := m.GetById(patch.OrgId())
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		err = target.Patch(patch.Kunstructured)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		// remove the resource from resmap
+		// when the patch is to $patch: delete that target
+		if len(target.Map()) == 0 {
+			err = m.Remove(target.CurId())
+			if err != nil {
+				return err
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+func NewPatchStrategicMergeTransformerPlugin() resmap.TransformerPlugin {
+	return &PatchStrategicMergeTransformerPlugin{}
+}

api/builtins/patchtransformer.go

@@ -0,0 +1,145 @@
+// Code generated by pluginator on PatchTransformer; DO NOT EDIT.
+// pluginator {unknown  1970-01-01T00:00:00Z  }
+
+package builtins
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+
+	jsonpatch "github.com/evanphx/json-patch"
+	"github.com/pkg/errors"
+	"sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/api/resmap"
+	"sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/api/resource"
+	"sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/api/types"
+	"sigs.k8s.io/yaml"
+)
+
+type PatchTransformerPlugin struct {
+	loadedPatch  *resource.Resource
+	decodedPatch jsonpatch.Patch
+	Path         string          `json:"path,omitempty" yaml:"path,omitempty"`
+	Patch        string          `json:"patch,omitempty" yaml:"patch,omitempty"`
+	Target       *types.Selector `json:"target,omitempty" yaml:"target,omitempty"`
+}
+
+func (p *PatchTransformerPlugin) Config(
+	h *resmap.PluginHelpers, c []byte) (err error) {
+	err = yaml.Unmarshal(c, p)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	if p.Patch == "" && p.Path == "" {
+		err = fmt.Errorf(
+			"must specify one of patch and path in\n%s", string(c))
+		return
+	}
+	if p.Patch != "" && p.Path != "" {
+		err = fmt.Errorf(
+			"patch and path can't be set at the same time\n%s", string(c))
+		return
+	}
+	var in []byte
+	if p.Path != "" {
+		in, err = h.Loader().Load(p.Path)
+		if err != nil {
+			return
+		}
+	}
+	if p.Patch != "" {
+		in = []byte(p.Patch)
+	}
+
+	patchSM, errSM := h.ResmapFactory().RF().FromBytes(in)
+	patchJson, errJson := jsonPatchFromBytes(in)
+	if errSM != nil && errJson != nil {
+		err = fmt.Errorf(
+			"unable to get either a Strategic Merge Patch or JSON patch 6902 from %s", p.Patch)
+		return
+	}
+	if errSM == nil && errJson != nil {
+		p.loadedPatch = patchSM
+	}
+	if errJson == nil && errSM != nil {
+		p.decodedPatch = patchJson
+	}
+	if patchSM != nil && patchJson != nil {
+		err = fmt.Errorf(
+			"a patch can't be both a Strategic Merge Patch and JSON patch 6902 %s", p.Patch)
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (p *PatchTransformerPlugin) Transform(m resmap.ResMap) error {
+	if p.loadedPatch != nil && p.Target == nil {
+		target, err := m.GetById(p.loadedPatch.OrgId())
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		err = target.Patch(p.loadedPatch.Kunstructured)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	if p.Target == nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("must specify a target for patch %s", p.Patch)
+	}
+
+	resources, err := m.Select(*p.Target)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	for _, res := range resources {
+		if p.decodedPatch != nil {
+			rawObj, err := res.MarshalJSON()
+			if err != nil {
+				return err
+			}
+			modifiedObj, err := p.decodedPatch.Apply(rawObj)
+			if err != nil {
+				return errors.Wrapf(
+					err, "failed to apply json patch '%s'", p.Patch)
+			}
+			err = res.UnmarshalJSON(modifiedObj)
+			if err != nil {
+				return err
+			}
+		}
+		if p.loadedPatch != nil {
+			patchCopy := p.loadedPatch.DeepCopy()
+			patchCopy.SetName(res.GetName())
+			patchCopy.SetNamespace(res.GetNamespace())
+			patchCopy.SetGvk(res.GetGvk())
+			err = res.Patch(patchCopy.Kunstructured)
+			if err != nil {
+				return err
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+// jsonPatchFromBytes loads a Json 6902 patch from
+// a bytes input
+func jsonPatchFromBytes(
+	in []byte) (jsonpatch.Patch, error) {
+	ops := string(in)
+	if ops == "" {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("empty json patch operations")
+	}
+
+	if ops[0] != '[' {
+		jsonOps, err := yaml.YAMLToJSON(in)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		ops = string(jsonOps)
+	}
+	return jsonpatch.DecodePatch([]byte(ops))
+}
+
+func NewPatchTransformerPlugin() resmap.TransformerPlugin {
+	return &PatchTransformerPlugin{}
+}

api/builtins/prefixsuffixtransformer.go

@@ -0,0 +1,123 @@
+// Code generated by pluginator on PrefixSuffixTransformer; DO NOT EDIT.
+// pluginator {unknown  1970-01-01T00:00:00Z  }
+
+package builtins
+
+import (
+	"errors"
+	"fmt"
+
+	"sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/api/transform"
+	"sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/api/types"
+
+	"sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/api/resid"
+	"sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/api/resmap"
+	"sigs.k8s.io/yaml"
+)
+
+// Add the given prefix and suffix to the field.
+type PrefixSuffixTransformerPlugin struct {
+	Prefix     string            `json:"prefix,omitempty" yaml:"prefix,omitempty"`
+	Suffix     string            `json:"suffix,omitempty" yaml:"suffix,omitempty"`
+	FieldSpecs []types.FieldSpec `json:"fieldSpecs,omitempty" yaml:"fieldSpecs,omitempty"`
+}
+
+// Not placed in a file yet due to lack of demand.
+var prefixSuffixFieldSpecsToSkip = []types.FieldSpec{
+	{
+		Gvk: resid.Gvk{Kind: "CustomResourceDefinition"},
+	},
+	{
+		Gvk: resid.Gvk{Group: "apiregistration.k8s.io", Kind: "APIService"},
+	},
+}
+
+func (p *PrefixSuffixTransformerPlugin) Config(
+	h *resmap.PluginHelpers, c []byte) (err error) {
+	p.Prefix = ""
+	p.Suffix = ""
+	p.FieldSpecs = nil
+	err = yaml.Unmarshal(c, p)
+	if err != nil {
+		return
+	}
+	if p.FieldSpecs == nil {
+		return errors.New("fieldSpecs is not expected to be nil")
+	}
+	return
+}
+
+func (p *PrefixSuffixTransformerPlugin) Transform(m resmap.ResMap) error {
+
+	// Even if both the Prefix and Suffix are empty we want
+	// to proceed with the transformation. This allows to add contextual
+	// information to the resources (AddNamePrefix and AddNameSuffix).
+
+	for _, r := range m.Resources() {
+		if p.shouldSkip(r.OrgId()) {
+			// Don't change the actual definition
+			// of a CRD.
+			continue
+		}
+		id := r.OrgId()
+		// current default configuration contains
+		// only one entry: "metadata/name" with no GVK
+		for _, path := range p.FieldSpecs {
+			if !id.IsSelected(&path.Gvk) {
+				// With the currrent default configuration,
+				// because no Gvk is specified, so a wild
+				// card
+				continue
+			}
+
+			if smellsLikeANameChange(&path) {
+				// "metadata/name" is the only field.
+				// this will add a prefix and a suffix
+				// to the resource even if those are
+				// empty
+				r.AddNamePrefix(p.Prefix)
+				r.AddNameSuffix(p.Suffix)
+			}
+
+			// the addPrefixSuffix method will not
+			// change the name if both the prefix and suffix
+			// are empty.
+			err := transform.MutateField(
+				r.Map(),
+				path.PathSlice(),
+				path.CreateIfNotPresent,
+				p.addPrefixSuffix)
+			if err != nil {
+				return err
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+func smellsLikeANameChange(fs *types.FieldSpec) bool {
+	return fs.Path == "metadata/name"
+}
+
+func (p *PrefixSuffixTransformerPlugin) shouldSkip(
+	id resid.ResId) bool {
+	for _, path := range prefixSuffixFieldSpecsToSkip {
+		if id.IsSelected(&path.Gvk) {
+			return true
+		}
+	}
+	return false
+}
+
+func (p *PrefixSuffixTransformerPlugin) addPrefixSuffix(
+	in interface{}) (interface{}, error) {
+	s, ok := in.(string)
+	if !ok {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("%#v is expected to be %T", in, s)
+	}
+	return fmt.Sprintf("%s%s%s", p.Prefix, s, p.Suffix), nil
+}
+
+func NewPrefixSuffixTransformerPlugin() resmap.TransformerPlugin {
+	return &PrefixSuffixTransformerPlugin{}
+}

api/builtins/replicacounttransformer.go

@@ -0,0 +1,89 @@
+// Code generated by pluginator on ReplicaCountTransformer; DO NOT EDIT.
+// pluginator {unknown  1970-01-01T00:00:00Z  }
+
+package builtins
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+
+	"sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/api/transform"
+
+	"sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/api/resid"
+	"sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/api/resmap"
+	"sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/api/types"
+	"sigs.k8s.io/yaml"
+)
+
+// Find matching replicas declarations and replace the count.
+// Eases the kustomization configuration of replica changes.
+type ReplicaCountTransformerPlugin struct {
+	Replica    types.Replica     `json:"replica,omitempty" yaml:"replica,omitempty"`
+	FieldSpecs []types.FieldSpec `json:"fieldSpecs,omitempty" yaml:"fieldSpecs,omitempty"`
+}
+
+func (p *ReplicaCountTransformerPlugin) Config(
+	h *resmap.PluginHelpers, c []byte) (err error) {
+
+	p.Replica = types.Replica{}
+	p.FieldSpecs = nil
+	return yaml.Unmarshal(c, p)
+}
+
+func (p *ReplicaCountTransformerPlugin) Transform(m resmap.ResMap) error {
+	found := false
+	for i, replicaSpec := range p.FieldSpecs {
+		matcher := p.createMatcher(i)
+		matchOriginal := m.GetMatchingResourcesByOriginalId(matcher)
+		matchCurrent := m.GetMatchingResourcesByCurrentId(matcher)
+
+		for _, res := range append(matchOriginal, matchCurrent...) {
+			found = true
+			err := transform.MutateField(
+				res.Map(), replicaSpec.PathSlice(),
+				replicaSpec.CreateIfNotPresent, p.addReplicas)
+			if err != nil {
+				return err
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	if !found {
+		gvks := make([]string, len(p.FieldSpecs))
+		for i, replicaSpec := range p.FieldSpecs {
+			gvks[i] = replicaSpec.Gvk.String()
+		}
+		return fmt.Errorf("resource with name %s does not match a config with the following GVK %v",
+			p.Replica.Name, gvks)
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+// Match Replica.Name and FieldSpec
+func (p *ReplicaCountTransformerPlugin) createMatcher(i int) resmap.IdMatcher {
+	return func(r resid.ResId) bool {
+		return r.Name == p.Replica.Name &&
+			r.Gvk.IsSelected(&p.FieldSpecs[i].Gvk)
+	}
+}
+
+func (p *ReplicaCountTransformerPlugin) addReplicas(in interface{}) (interface{}, error) {
+	switch m := in.(type) {
+	case int64:
+		// Was already in the field.
+	case map[string]interface{}:
+		if len(m) != 0 {
+			// A map was already in the replicas field, don't want to
+			// discard this data silently.
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("%#v is expected to be %T", in, m)
+		}
+		// Just got added, default type is map, but we can return anything.
+	default:
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("%#v is expected to be %T", in, m)
+	}
+	return p.Replica.Count, nil
+}
+
+func NewReplicaCountTransformerPlugin() resmap.TransformerPlugin {
+	return &ReplicaCountTransformerPlugin{}
+}

api/builtins/secretgenerator.go

@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+// Code generated by pluginator on SecretGenerator; DO NOT EDIT.
+// pluginator {unknown  1970-01-01T00:00:00Z  }
+
+package builtins
+
+import (
+	"sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/api/kv"
+	"sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/api/resmap"
+	"sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/api/types"
+	"sigs.k8s.io/yaml"
+)
+
+type SecretGeneratorPlugin struct {
+	h                *resmap.PluginHelpers
+	types.ObjectMeta `json:"metadata,omitempty" yaml:"metadata,omitempty" protobuf:"bytes,1,opt,name=metadata"`
+	types.GeneratorOptions
+	types.SecretArgs
+}
+
+func (p *SecretGeneratorPlugin) Config(h *resmap.PluginHelpers, config []byte) (err error) {
+	p.GeneratorOptions = types.GeneratorOptions{}
+	p.SecretArgs = types.SecretArgs{}
+	err = yaml.Unmarshal(config, p)
+	if p.SecretArgs.Name == "" {
+		p.SecretArgs.Name = p.Name
+	}
+	if p.SecretArgs.Namespace == "" {
+		p.SecretArgs.Namespace = p.Namespace
+	}
+	p.h = h
+	return
+}
+
+func (p *SecretGeneratorPlugin) Generate() (resmap.ResMap, error) {
+	return p.h.ResmapFactory().FromSecretArgs(
+		kv.NewLoader(p.h.Loader(), p.h.Validator()),
+		&p.GeneratorOptions, p.SecretArgs)
+}
+
+func NewSecretGeneratorPlugin() resmap.GeneratorPlugin {
+	return &SecretGeneratorPlugin{}
+}

api/filesys/confirmeddir.go

@@ -0,0 +1,79 @@
+// Copyright 2019 The Kubernetes Authors.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+
+package filesys
+
+import (
+	"io/ioutil"
+	"path/filepath"
+	"strings"
+)
+
+// ConfirmedDir is a clean, absolute, delinkified path
+// that was confirmed to point to an existing directory.
+type ConfirmedDir string
+
+// NewTmpConfirmedDir returns a temporary dir, else error.
+// The directory is cleaned, no symlinks, etc. so it's
+// returned as a ConfirmedDir.
+func NewTmpConfirmedDir() (ConfirmedDir, error) {
+	n, err := ioutil.TempDir("", "kustomize-")
+	if err != nil {
+		return "", err
+	}
+
+	// In MacOs `ioutil.TempDir` creates a directory
+	// with root in the `/var` folder, which is in turn
+	// a symlinked path to `/private/var`.
+	// Function `filepath.EvalSymlinks`is used to
+	// resolve the real absolute path.
+	deLinked, err := filepath.EvalSymlinks(n)
+	return ConfirmedDir(deLinked), err
+}
+
+// HasPrefix returns true if the directory argument
+// is a prefix of self (d) from the point of view of
+// a file system.
+//
+// I.e., it's true if the argument equals or contains
+// self (d) in a file path sense.
+//
+// HasPrefix emulates the semantics of strings.HasPrefix
+// such that the following are true:
+//
+//   strings.HasPrefix("foobar", "foobar")
+//   strings.HasPrefix("foobar", "foo")
+//   strings.HasPrefix("foobar", "")
+//
+//   d := fSys.ConfirmDir("/foo/bar")
+//   d.HasPrefix("/foo/bar")
+//   d.HasPrefix("/foo")
+//   d.HasPrefix("/")
+//
+// Not contacting a file system here to check for
+// actual path existence.
+//
+// This is tested on linux, but will have trouble
+// on other operating systems.
+// TODO(monopole) Refactor when #golang/go/18358 closes.
+// See also:
+//   https://github.com/golang/go/issues/18358
+//   https://github.com/golang/dep/issues/296
+//   https://github.com/golang/dep/blob/master/internal/fs/fs.go#L33
+//   https://codereview.appspot.com/5712045
+func (d ConfirmedDir) HasPrefix(path ConfirmedDir) bool {
+	if path.String() == string(filepath.Separator) || path == d {
+		return true
+	}
+	return strings.HasPrefix(
+		string(d),
+		string(path)+string(filepath.Separator))
+}
+
+func (d ConfirmedDir) Join(path string) string {
+	return filepath.Join(string(d), path)
+}
+
+func (d ConfirmedDir) String() string {
+	return string(d)
+}

api/filesys/confirmeddir_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,109 @@
+// Copyright 2019 The Kubernetes Authors.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+
+package filesys_test
+
+import (
+	"path/filepath"
+	"testing"
+
+	. "sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/api/filesys"
+)
+
+func TestJoin(t *testing.T) {
+	fSys := MakeFsInMemory()
+	err := fSys.Mkdir("/foo")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("unexpected err: %v", err)
+	}
+	d, f, err := fSys.CleanedAbs("/foo")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("unexpected err: %v", err)
+	}
+	if f != "" {
+		t.Fatalf("unexpected file: %v", f)
+	}
+	if d.Join("bar") != "/foo/bar" {
+		t.Fatalf("expected join %s", d.Join("bar"))
+	}
+}
+
+func TestHasPrefix_Slash(t *testing.T) {
+	fSys := MakeFsInMemory()
+	d, f, err := fSys.CleanedAbs("/")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("unexpected err: %v", err)
+	}
+	if f != "" {
+		t.Fatalf("unexpected file: %v", f)
+	}
+	if d.HasPrefix("/hey") {
+		t.Fatalf("should be false")
+	}
+	if !d.HasPrefix("/") {
+		t.Fatalf("/ should have the prefix /")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestHasPrefix_SlashFoo(t *testing.T) {
+	fSys := MakeFsInMemory()
+	err := fSys.Mkdir("/foo")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("unexpected err: %v", err)
+	}
+	d, _, err := fSys.CleanedAbs("/foo")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("unexpected err: %v", err)
+	}
+	if d.HasPrefix("/fo") {
+		t.Fatalf("/foo does not have path prefix /fo")
+	}
+	if d.HasPrefix("/fod") {
+		t.Fatalf("/foo does not have path prefix /fod")
+	}
+	if !d.HasPrefix("/foo") {
+		t.Fatalf("/foo should have prefix /foo")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestHasPrefix_SlashFooBar(t *testing.T) {
+	fSys := MakeFsInMemory()
+	err := fSys.MkdirAll("/foo/bar")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("unexpected err: %v", err)
+	}
+	d, _, err := fSys.CleanedAbs("/foo/bar")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("unexpected err: %v", err)
+	}
+	if d.HasPrefix("/fo") {
+		t.Fatalf("/foo/bar does not have path prefix /fo")
+	}
+	if d.HasPrefix("/foobar") {
+		t.Fatalf("/foo/bar does not have path prefix /foobar")
+	}
+	if !d.HasPrefix("/foo/bar") {
+		t.Fatalf("/foo/bar should have prefix /foo/bar")
+	}
+	if !d.HasPrefix("/foo") {
+		t.Fatalf("/foo/bar should have prefix /foo")
+	}
+	if !d.HasPrefix("/") {
+		t.Fatalf("/foo/bar should have prefix /")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestNewTempConfirmDir(t *testing.T) {
+	tmp, err := NewTmpConfirmedDir()
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	delinked, err := filepath.EvalSymlinks(string(tmp))
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+	if string(tmp) != delinked {
+		t.Fatalf("unexpected path containing symlinks")
+	}
+}

api/filesys/file.go

@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+// Copyright 2019 The Kubernetes Authors.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+
+package filesys
+
+import (
+	"io"
+	"os"
+	"time"
+)
+
+var _ os.FileInfo = &fileInfo{}
+
+// fileInfo implements os.FileInfo for a fileInMemory instance.
+type fileInfo struct {
+	*fileInMemory
+}
+
+// Name returns the name of the file
+func (fi *fileInfo) Name() string { return fi.name }
+
+// Size returns the size of the file
+func (fi *fileInfo) Size() int64 { return int64(len(fi.content)) }
+
+// Mode returns the file mode
+func (fi *fileInfo) Mode() os.FileMode { return 0777 }
+
+// ModTime returns the modification time
+func (fi *fileInfo) ModTime() time.Time { return time.Time{} }
+
+// IsDir returns if it is a directory
+func (fi *fileInfo) IsDir() bool { return fi.dir }
+
+// Sys should return underlying data source, but it now returns nil
+func (fi *fileInfo) Sys() interface{} { return nil }
+
+// File groups the basic os.File methods.
+type File interface {
+	io.ReadWriteCloser
+	Stat() (os.FileInfo, error)
+}

api/filesys/fileinmemory.go

@@ -0,0 +1,56 @@
+// Copyright 2019 The Kubernetes Authors.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+
+package filesys
+
+import (
+	"bytes"
+	"os"
+)
+
+var _ File = &fileInMemory{}
+
+// fileInMemory implements File in-memory for tests.
+type fileInMemory struct {
+	name    string
+	content []byte
+	dir     bool
+	open    bool
+}
+
+// makeDir makes a fake directory.
+func makeDir(name string) *fileInMemory {
+	return &fileInMemory{name: name, dir: true}
+}
+
+// Close marks the fake file closed.
+func (f *fileInMemory) Close() error {
+	f.open = false
+	return nil
+}
+
+// Read never fails, and doesn't mutate p.
+func (f *fileInMemory) Read(p []byte) (n int, err error) {
+	return len(p), nil
+}
+
+// Write saves the contents of the argument to memory.
+func (f *fileInMemory) Write(p []byte) (n int, err error) {
+	f.content = p
+	return len(p), nil
+}
+
+// ContentMatches returns true if v matches fake file's content.
+func (f *fileInMemory) ContentMatches(v []byte) bool {
+	return bytes.Equal(v, f.content)
+}
+
+// GetContent the content of a fake file.
+func (f *fileInMemory) GetContent() []byte {
+	return f.content
+}
+
+// Stat returns nil.
+func (f *fileInMemory) Stat() (os.FileInfo, error) {
+	return nil, nil
+}

api/filesys/fileondisk.go

@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+// Copyright 2019 The Kubernetes Authors.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+
+package filesys
+
+import (
+	"os"
+)
+
+var _ File = &fileOnDisk{}
+
+// fileOnDisk implements File using the local filesystem.
+type fileOnDisk struct {
+	file *os.File
+}
+
+// Close closes a file.
+func (f *fileOnDisk) Close() error { return f.file.Close() }
+
+// Read reads a file's content.
+func (f *fileOnDisk) Read(p []byte) (n int, err error) { return f.file.Read(p) }
+
+// Write writes bytes to a file
+func (f *fileOnDisk) Write(p []byte) (n int, err error) { return f.file.Write(p) }
+
+// Stat returns an interface which has all the information regarding the file.
+func (f *fileOnDisk) Stat() (os.FileInfo, error) { return f.file.Stat() }

api/filesys/filesystem.go

@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+// Copyright 2019 The Kubernetes Authors.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+
+// Package filesys provides a file system abstraction layer.
+package filesys
+
+import (
+	"path/filepath"
+)
+
+// FileSystem groups basic os filesystem methods.
+type FileSystem interface {
+	// Create a file.
+	Create(name string) (File, error)
+	// MkDir makes a directory.
+	Mkdir(path string) error
+	// MkDir makes a directory path, creating intervening directories.
+	MkdirAll(path string) error
+	// RemoveAll removes path and any children it contains.
+	RemoveAll(path string) error
+	// Open opens the named file for reading.
+	Open(path string) (File, error)
+	// IsDir returns true if the path is a directory.
+	IsDir(path string) bool
+	// CleanedAbs converts the given path into a
+	// directory and a file name, where the directory
+	// is represented as a ConfirmedDir and all that implies.
+	// If the entire path is a directory, the file component
+	// is an empty string.
+	CleanedAbs(path string) (ConfirmedDir, string, error)
+	// Exists is true if the path exists in the file system.
+	Exists(path string) bool
+	// Glob returns the list of matching files
+	Glob(pattern string) ([]string, error)
+	// ReadFile returns the contents of the file at the given path.
+	ReadFile(path string) ([]byte, error)
+	// WriteFile writes the data to a file at the given path.
+	WriteFile(path string, data []byte) error
+	// Walk walks the file system with the given WalkFunc.
+	Walk(path string, walkFn filepath.WalkFunc) error
+}

api/filesys/fsinmemory.go

@@ -0,0 +1,223 @@
+// Copyright 2019 The Kubernetes Authors.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+
+package filesys
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"os"
+	"path/filepath"
+	"sort"
+	"strings"
+)
+
+var _ FileSystem = &fsInMemory{}
+
+// fsInMemory implements FileSystem using a in-memory filesystem
+// primarily for use in tests.
+type fsInMemory struct {
+	m map[string]*fileInMemory
+}
+
+// MakeFsInMemory returns an instance of fsInMemory with no files in it.
+func MakeFsInMemory() FileSystem {
+	result := &fsInMemory{m: map[string]*fileInMemory{}}
+	result.Mkdir(separator)
+	return result
+}
+
+const (
+	separator = string(filepath.Separator)
+	doubleSep = separator + separator
+)
+
+// Create assures a fake file appears in the in-memory file system.
+func (fs *fsInMemory) Create(name string) (File, error) {
+	f := &fileInMemory{}
+	f.open = true
+	fs.m[name] = f
+	return fs.m[name], nil
+}
+
+// Mkdir assures a fake directory appears in the in-memory file system.
+func (fs *fsInMemory) Mkdir(name string) error {
+	fs.m[name] = makeDir(name)
+	return nil
+}
+
+// MkdirAll delegates to Mkdir
+func (fs *fsInMemory) MkdirAll(name string) error {
+	return fs.Mkdir(name)
+}
+
+// RemoveAll presumably does rm -r on a path.
+// There's no error.
+func (fs *fsInMemory) RemoveAll(name string) error {
+	var toRemove []string
+	for k := range fs.m {
+		if strings.HasPrefix(k, name) {
+			toRemove = append(toRemove, k)
+		}
+	}
+	for _, k := range toRemove {
+		delete(fs.m, k)
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+// Open returns a fake file in the open state.
+func (fs *fsInMemory) Open(name string) (File, error) {
+	if _, found := fs.m[name]; !found {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("file %q cannot be opened", name)
+	}
+	return fs.m[name], nil
+}
+
+// CleanedAbs cannot fail.
+func (fs *fsInMemory) CleanedAbs(path string) (ConfirmedDir, string, error) {
+	if fs.IsDir(path) {
+		return ConfirmedDir(path), "", nil
+	}
+	d := filepath.Dir(path)
+	if d == path {
+		return ConfirmedDir(d), "", nil
+	}
+	return ConfirmedDir(d), filepath.Base(path), nil
+}
+
+// Exists returns true if file is known.
+func (fs *fsInMemory) Exists(name string) bool {
+	_, found := fs.m[name]
+	return found
+}
+
+// Glob returns the list of matching files
+func (fs *fsInMemory) Glob(pattern string) ([]string, error) {
+	var result []string
+	for p := range fs.m {
+		if fs.pathMatch(p, pattern) {
+			result = append(result, p)
+		}
+	}
+	sort.Strings(result)
+	return result, nil
+}
+
+// IsDir returns true if the file exists and is a directory.
+func (fs *fsInMemory) IsDir(name string) bool {
+	f, found := fs.m[name]
+	if found && f.dir {
+		return true
+	}
+	if !strings.HasSuffix(name, separator) {
+		name = name + separator
+	}
+	for k := range fs.m {
+		if strings.HasPrefix(k, name) {
+			return true
+		}
+	}
+	return false
+}
+
+// ReadFile always returns an empty bytes and error depending on content of m.
+func (fs *fsInMemory) ReadFile(name string) ([]byte, error) {
+	if ff, found := fs.m[name]; found {
+		return ff.content, nil
+	}
+	return nil, fmt.Errorf("cannot read file %q", name)
+}
+
+// WriteFile always succeeds and does nothing.
+func (fs *fsInMemory) WriteFile(name string, c []byte) error {
+	ff := &fileInMemory{}
+	ff.Write(c)
+	fs.m[name] = ff
+	return nil
+}
+
+// Walk implements filepath.Walk using the fake filesystem.
+func (fs *fsInMemory) Walk(path string, walkFn filepath.WalkFunc) error {
+	info, err := fs.lstat(path)
+	if err != nil {
+		err = walkFn(path, info, err)
+	} else {
+		err = fs.walk(path, info, walkFn)
+	}
+	if err == filepath.SkipDir {
+		return nil
+	}
+	return err
+}
+
+func (fs *fsInMemory) pathMatch(path, pattern string) bool {
+	match, _ := filepath.Match(pattern, path)
+	return match
+}
+
+func (fs *fsInMemory) lstat(path string) (*fileInfo, error) {
+	f, found := fs.m[path]
+	if !found {
+		return nil, os.ErrNotExist
+	}
+	return &fileInfo{f}, nil
+}
+
+func (fs *fsInMemory) join(elem ...string) string {
+	for i, e := range elem {
+		if e != "" {
+			return strings.Replace(
+				strings.Join(elem[i:], separator), doubleSep, separator, -1)
+		}
+	}
+	return ""
+}
+
+func (fs *fsInMemory) readDirNames(path string) []string {
+	var names []string
+	if !strings.HasSuffix(path, separator) {
+		path += separator
+	}
+	pathSegments := strings.Count(path, separator)
+	for name := range fs.m {
+		if name == path {
+			continue
+		}
+		if strings.Count(name, separator) > pathSegments {
+			continue
+		}
+		if strings.HasPrefix(name, path) {
+			names = append(names, filepath.Base(name))
+		}
+	}
+	sort.Strings(names)
+	return names
+}
+
+func (fs *fsInMemory) walk(path string, info os.FileInfo, walkFn filepath.WalkFunc) error {
+	if !info.IsDir() {
+		return walkFn(path, info, nil)
+	}
+
+	names := fs.readDirNames(path)
+	if err := walkFn(path, info, nil); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	for _, name := range names {
+		filename := fs.join(path, name)
+		fileInfo, err := fs.lstat(filename)
+		if err != nil {
+			if err := walkFn(filename, fileInfo, os.ErrNotExist); err != nil && err != filepath.SkipDir {
+				return err
+			}
+		} else {
+			err = fs.walk(filename, fileInfo, walkFn)
+			if err != nil {
+				if !fileInfo.IsDir() || err != filepath.SkipDir {
+					return err
+				}
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	return nil
+}

api/filesys/fsinmemory_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,149 @@
+// Copyright 2019 The Kubernetes Authors.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+
+package filesys_test
+
+import (
+	"bytes"
+	"reflect"
+	"testing"
+
+	. "sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/api/filesys"
+)
+
+func TestExists(t *testing.T) {
+	fSys := MakeFsInMemory()
+	if fSys.Exists("foo") {
+		t.Fatalf("expected no foo")
+	}
+	fSys.Mkdir("/")
+	if !fSys.IsDir("/") {
+		t.Fatalf("expected dir at /")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestIsDir(t *testing.T) {
+	fSys := MakeFsInMemory()
+	expectedName := "my-dir"
+	err := fSys.Mkdir(expectedName)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+	shouldExist(t, fSys, expectedName)
+	if !fSys.IsDir(expectedName) {
+		t.Fatalf(expectedName + " should be a dir")
+	}
+}
+
+func shouldExist(t *testing.T, fSys FileSystem, name string) {
+	if !fSys.Exists(name) {
+		t.Fatalf(name + " should exist")
+	}
+}
+
+func shouldNotExist(t *testing.T, fSys FileSystem, name string) {
+	if fSys.Exists(name) {
+		t.Fatalf(name + " should not exist")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestRemoveAll(t *testing.T) {
+	fSys := MakeFsInMemory()
+	fSys.WriteFile("/foo/project/file.yaml", []byte("Unused"))
+	fSys.WriteFile("/foo/project/subdir/file.yaml", []byte("Unused"))
+	fSys.WriteFile("/foo/apple/subdir/file.yaml", []byte("Unused"))
+	shouldExist(t, fSys, "/foo/project/file.yaml")
+	shouldExist(t, fSys, "/foo/project/subdir/file.yaml")
+	shouldExist(t, fSys, "/foo/apple/subdir/file.yaml")
+	err := fSys.RemoveAll("/foo/project")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("Unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+	shouldNotExist(t, fSys, "/foo/project/file.yaml")
+	shouldNotExist(t, fSys, "/foo/project/subdir/file.yaml")
+	shouldExist(t, fSys, "/foo/apple/subdir/file.yaml")
+}
+
+func TestIsDirDeeper(t *testing.T) {
+	fSys := MakeFsInMemory()
+	fSys.WriteFile("/foo/project/file.yaml", []byte("Unused"))
+	fSys.WriteFile("/foo/project/subdir/file.yaml", []byte("Unused"))
+	if !fSys.IsDir("/") {
+		t.Fatalf("/ should be a dir")
+	}
+	if !fSys.IsDir("/foo") {
+		t.Fatalf("/foo should be a dir")
+	}
+	if !fSys.IsDir("/foo/project") {
+		t.Fatalf("/foo/project should be a dir")
+	}
+	if fSys.IsDir("/fo") {
+		t.Fatalf("/fo should not be a dir")
+	}
+	if fSys.IsDir("/x") {
+		t.Fatalf("/x should not be a dir")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestCreate(t *testing.T) {
+	fSys := MakeFsInMemory()
+	f, err := fSys.Create("foo")
+	if f == nil {
+		t.Fatalf("expected file")
+	}
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("unexpected error")
+	}
+	shouldExist(t, fSys, "foo")
+}
+
+func TestReadFile(t *testing.T) {
+	fSys := MakeFsInMemory()
+	f, err := fSys.Create("foo")
+	if f == nil {
+		t.Fatalf("expected file")
+	}
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("unexpected error")
+	}
+	content, err := fSys.ReadFile("foo")
+	if len(content) != 0 {
+		t.Fatalf("expected no content")
+	}
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("expected no error")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestWriteFile(t *testing.T) {
+	fSys := MakeFsInMemory()
+	c := []byte("heybuddy")
+	err := fSys.WriteFile("foo", c)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("expected no error")
+	}
+	content, err := fSys.ReadFile("foo")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("expected read to work: %v", err)
+	}
+	if bytes.Compare(c, content) != 0 {
+		t.Fatalf("incorrect content: %v", content)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestGlob(t *testing.T) {
+	fSys := MakeFsInMemory()
+	fSys.Create("dir/foo")
+	fSys.Create("dir/bar")
+	files, err := fSys.Glob("dir/*")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("expected no error")
+	}
+	expected := []string{
+		"dir/bar",
+		"dir/foo",
+	}
+	if !reflect.DeepEqual(files, expected) {
+		t.Fatalf("incorrect files found by glob: %v", files)
+	}
+}

api/filesys/fsondisk.go

@@ -0,0 +1,114 @@
+// Copyright 2019 The Kubernetes Authors.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+
+package filesys
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"io/ioutil"
+	"log"
+	"os"
+	"path/filepath"
+)
+
+var _ FileSystem = fsOnDisk{}
+
+// fsOnDisk implements FileSystem using the local filesystem.
+type fsOnDisk struct{}
+
+// MakeFsOnDisk makes an instance of fsOnDisk.
+func MakeFsOnDisk() FileSystem {
+	return fsOnDisk{}
+}
+
+// Create delegates to os.Create.
+func (fsOnDisk) Create(name string) (File, error) { return os.Create(name) }
+
+// Mkdir delegates to os.Mkdir.
+func (fsOnDisk) Mkdir(name string) error {
+	return os.Mkdir(name, 0777|os.ModeDir)
+}
+
+// MkdirAll delegates to os.MkdirAll.
+func (fsOnDisk) MkdirAll(name string) error {
+	return os.MkdirAll(name, 0777|os.ModeDir)
+}
+
+// RemoveAll delegates to os.RemoveAll.
+func (fsOnDisk) RemoveAll(name string) error {
+	return os.RemoveAll(name)
+}
+
+// Open delegates to os.Open.
+func (fsOnDisk) Open(name string) (File, error) { return os.Open(name) }
+
+// CleanedAbs converts the given path into a
+// directory and a file name, where the directory
+// is represented as a ConfirmedDir and all that implies.
+// If the entire path is a directory, the file component
+// is an empty string.
+func (x fsOnDisk) CleanedAbs(
+	path string) (ConfirmedDir, string, error) {
+	absRoot, err := filepath.Abs(path)
+	if err != nil {
+		return "", "", fmt.Errorf(
+			"abs path error on '%s' : %v", path, err)
+	}
+	deLinked, err := filepath.EvalSymlinks(absRoot)
+	if err != nil {
+		return "", "", fmt.Errorf(
+			"evalsymlink failure on '%s' : %v", path, err)
+	}
+	if x.IsDir(deLinked) {
+		return ConfirmedDir(deLinked), "", nil
+	}
+	d := filepath.Dir(deLinked)
+	if !x.IsDir(d) {
+		// Programmer/assumption error.
+		log.Fatalf("first part of '%s' not a directory", deLinked)
+	}
+	if d == deLinked {
+		// Programmer/assumption error.
+		log.Fatalf("d '%s' should be a subset of deLinked", d)
+	}
+	f := filepath.Base(deLinked)
+	if filepath.Join(d, f) != deLinked {
+		// Programmer/assumption error.
+		log.Fatalf("these should be equal: '%s', '%s'",
+			filepath.Join(d, f), deLinked)
+	}
+	return ConfirmedDir(d), f, nil
+}
+
+// Exists returns true if os.Stat succeeds.
+func (fsOnDisk) Exists(name string) bool {
+	_, err := os.Stat(name)
+	return err == nil
+}
+
+// Glob returns the list of matching files
+func (fsOnDisk) Glob(pattern string) ([]string, error) {
+	return filepath.Glob(pattern)
+}
+
+// IsDir delegates to os.Stat and FileInfo.IsDir
+func (fsOnDisk) IsDir(name string) bool {
+	info, err := os.Stat(name)
+	if err != nil {
+		return false
+	}
+	return info.IsDir()
+}
+
+// ReadFile delegates to ioutil.ReadFile.
+func (fsOnDisk) ReadFile(name string) ([]byte, error) { return ioutil.ReadFile(name) }
+
+// WriteFile delegates to ioutil.WriteFile with read/write permissions.
+func (fsOnDisk) WriteFile(name string, c []byte) error {
+	return ioutil.WriteFile(name, c, 0666)
+}
+
+// Walk delegates to filepath.Walk.
+func (fsOnDisk) Walk(path string, walkFn filepath.WalkFunc) error {
+	return filepath.Walk(path, walkFn)
+}

api/filesys/fsondisk_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,165 @@
+// Copyright 2019 The Kubernetes Authors.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+
+package filesys_test
+
+import (
+	"io/ioutil"
+	"os"
+	"path"
+	"path/filepath"
+	"reflect"
+	"testing"
+
+	. "sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/api/filesys"
+)
+
+func makeTestDir(t *testing.T) (FileSystem, string) {
+	fSys := MakeFsOnDisk()
+	td, err := ioutil.TempDir("", "kustomize_testing_dir")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("unexpected error %s", err)
+	}
+	testDir, err := filepath.EvalSymlinks(td)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("unexpected error %s", err)
+	}
+	if !fSys.Exists(testDir) {
+		t.Fatalf("expected existence")
+	}
+	if !fSys.IsDir(testDir) {
+		t.Fatalf("expected directory")
+	}
+	return fSys, testDir
+}
+
+func TestCleanedAbs_1(t *testing.T) {
+	fSys, testDir := makeTestDir(t)
+	defer os.RemoveAll(testDir)
+
+	d, f, err := fSys.CleanedAbs("")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("unexpected err=%v", err)
+	}
+	wd, err := os.Getwd()
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("unexpected err=%v", err)
+	}
+	if d.String() != wd {
+		t.Fatalf("unexpected d=%s", d)
+	}
+	if f != "" {
+		t.Fatalf("unexpected f=%s", f)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestCleanedAbs_2(t *testing.T) {
+	fSys, testDir := makeTestDir(t)
+	defer os.RemoveAll(testDir)
+
+	d, f, err := fSys.CleanedAbs("/")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("unexpected err=%v", err)
+	}
+	if d != "/" {
+		t.Fatalf("unexpected d=%s", d)
+	}
+	if f != "" {
+		t.Fatalf("unexpected f=%s", f)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestCleanedAbs_3(t *testing.T) {
+	fSys, testDir := makeTestDir(t)
+	defer os.RemoveAll(testDir)
+
+	err := fSys.WriteFile(
+		filepath.Join(testDir, "foo"), []byte(`foo`))
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("unexpected err=%v", err)
+	}
+
+	d, f, err := fSys.CleanedAbs(filepath.Join(testDir, "foo"))
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("unexpected err=%v", err)
+	}
+	if d.String() != testDir {
+		t.Fatalf("unexpected d=%s", d)
+	}
+	if f != "foo" {
+		t.Fatalf("unexpected f=%s", f)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestCleanedAbs_4(t *testing.T) {
+	fSys, testDir := makeTestDir(t)
+	defer os.RemoveAll(testDir)
+
+	err := fSys.MkdirAll(filepath.Join(testDir, "d1", "d2"))
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("unexpected err=%v", err)
+	}
+	err = fSys.WriteFile(
+		filepath.Join(testDir, "d1", "d2", "bar"),
+		[]byte(`bar`))
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("unexpected err=%v", err)
+	}
+
+	d, f, err := fSys.CleanedAbs(
+		filepath.Join(testDir, "d1", "d2"))
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("unexpected err=%v", err)
+	}
+	if d.String() != filepath.Join(testDir, "d1", "d2") {
+		t.Fatalf("unexpected d=%s", d)
+	}
+	if f != "" {
+		t.Fatalf("unexpected f=%s", f)
+	}
+
+	d, f, err = fSys.CleanedAbs(
+		filepath.Join(testDir, "d1", "d2", "bar"))
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("unexpected err=%v", err)
+	}
+	if d.String() != filepath.Join(testDir, "d1", "d2") {
+		t.Fatalf("unexpected d=%s", d)
+	}
+	if f != "bar" {
+		t.Fatalf("unexpected f=%s", f)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestReadFilesRealFS(t *testing.T) {
+	fSys, testDir := makeTestDir(t)
+	defer os.RemoveAll(testDir)
+
+	err := fSys.WriteFile(path.Join(testDir, "foo"), []byte(`foo`))
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("unexpected error %s", err)
+	}
+	if !fSys.Exists(path.Join(testDir, "foo")) {
+		t.Fatalf("expected foo")
+	}
+	if fSys.IsDir(path.Join(testDir, "foo")) {
+		t.Fatalf("expected foo not to be a directory")
+	}
+
+	err = fSys.WriteFile(path.Join(testDir, "bar"), []byte(`bar`))
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("unexpected error %s", err)
+	}
+
+	files, err := fSys.Glob(path.Join("testDir", "*"))
+	expected := []string{
+		path.Join(testDir, "bar"),
+		path.Join(testDir, "foo"),
+	}
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("expected no error")
+	}
+	if reflect.DeepEqual(files, expected) {
+		t.Fatalf("incorrect files found by glob: %v", files)
+	}
+}

api/filesys/rpath.go

@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+// Copyright 2019 The Kubernetes Authors.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+
+package filesys
+
+import "path/filepath"
+
+// RootedPath returns a rooted path, e.g. "/foo/bar" as
+// opposed to "foo/bar".
+func RootedPath(elem ...string) string {
+	return separator + filepath.Join(elem...)
+}

api/go.mod

@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+module sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/api
+
+go 1.13
+
+require (
+	github.com/emicklei/go-restful v2.9.6+incompatible // indirect
+	github.com/evanphx/json-patch v4.5.0+incompatible
+	github.com/go-openapi/spec v0.19.4
+	github.com/golangci/golangci-lint v1.19.1
+	github.com/googleapis/gnostic v0.3.0 // indirect
+	github.com/monopole/mdrip v1.0.0
+	github.com/pkg/errors v0.8.1
+	golang.org/x/tools v0.0.0-20190912215617-3720d1ec3678
+	gopkg.in/yaml.v2 v2.2.4
+	k8s.io/kube-openapi v0.0.0-20191107075043-30be4d16710a
+	sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/pseudo/k8s v0.0.0-20191108212413-1f86a0ca5d6c
+	sigs.k8s.io/yaml v1.1.0
+)

api/go.sum

@@ -0,0 +1,461 @@
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api/hasher/hasher.go

@@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
+// Copyright 2019 The Kubernetes Authors.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+
+package hasher
+
+import (
+	"crypto/sha256"
+	"encoding/json"
+	"fmt"
+	"sort"
+)
+
+// SortArrayAndComputeHash sorts a string array and
+// returns a hash for it
+func SortArrayAndComputeHash(s []string) (string, error) {
+	sort.Strings(s)
+	data, err := json.Marshal(s)
+	if err != nil {
+		return "", err
+	}
+	return Encode(Hash(string(data)))
+}
+
+// Copied from https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes
+// /blob/master/pkg/kubectl/util/hash/hash.go
+func Encode(hex string) (string, error) {
+	if len(hex) < 10 {
+		return "", fmt.Errorf(
+			"input length must be at least 10")
+	}
+	enc := []rune(hex[:10])
+	for i := range enc {
+		switch enc[i] {
+		case '0':
+			enc[i] = 'g'
+		case '1':
+			enc[i] = 'h'
+		case '3':
+			enc[i] = 'k'
+		case 'a':
+			enc[i] = 'm'
+		case 'e':
+			enc[i] = 't'
+		}
+	}
+	return string(enc), nil
+}
+
+// Hash returns the hex form of the sha256 of the argument.
+func Hash(data string) string {
+	return fmt.Sprintf("%x", sha256.Sum256([]byte(data)))
+}

api/hasher/hasher_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+// Copyright 2019 The Kubernetes Authors.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+
+package hasher_test
+
+import (
+	"testing"
+
+	. "sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/api/hasher"
+)
+
+func TestSortArrayAndComputeHash(t *testing.T) {
+	array1 := []string{"a", "b", "c", "d"}
+	array2 := []string{"c", "b", "d", "a"}
+	h1, err := SortArrayAndComputeHash(array1)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("unexpected error %v", err)
+	}
+	if h1 == "" {
+		t.Errorf("failed to hash %v", array1)
+	}
+	h2, err := SortArrayAndComputeHash(array2)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("unexpected error %v", err)
+	}
+	if h2 == "" {
+		t.Errorf("failed to hash %v", array2)
+	}
+	if h1 != h2 {
+		t.Errorf("hash is not consistent with reordered list: %s %s", h1, h2)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestHash(t *testing.T) {
+	// hash the empty string to be sure that sha256 is being used
+	expect := "e3b0c44298fc1c149afbf4c8996fb92427ae41e4649b934ca495991b7852b855"
+	sum := Hash("")
+	if expect != sum {
+		t.Errorf("expected hash %q but got %q", expect, sum)
+	}
+}

api/ifc/ifc.go

@@ -0,0 +1,95 @@
+// Copyright 2019 The Kubernetes Authors.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+
+// Package ifc holds miscellaneous interfaces used by kustomize.
+package ifc
+
+import (
+	"sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/api/resid"
+	"sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/api/types"
+)
+
+// Validator provides functions to validate annotations and labels
+type Validator interface {
+	MakeAnnotationValidator() func(map[string]string) error
+	MakeAnnotationNameValidator() func([]string) error
+	MakeLabelValidator() func(map[string]string) error
+	MakeLabelNameValidator() func([]string) error
+	ValidateNamespace(string) []string
+	ErrIfInvalidKey(string) error
+	IsEnvVarName(k string) error
+}
+
+// KvLoader reads and validates KV pairs.
+type KvLoader interface {
+	Validator() Validator
+	Load(args types.KvPairSources) (all []types.Pair, err error)
+}
+
+// Loader interface exposes methods to read bytes.
+type Loader interface {
+	// Root returns the root location for this Loader.
+	Root() string
+	// New returns Loader located at newRoot.
+	New(newRoot string) (Loader, error)
+	// Load returns the bytes read from the location or an error.
+	Load(location string) ([]byte, error)
+	// Cleanup cleans the loader
+	Cleanup() error
+}
+
+// Kunstructured allows manipulation of k8s objects
+// that do not have Golang structs.
+type Kunstructured interface {
+	Map() map[string]interface{}
+	SetMap(map[string]interface{})
+	Copy() Kunstructured
+	GetFieldValue(string) (interface{}, error)
+	GetString(string) (string, error)
+	GetStringSlice(string) ([]string, error)
+	GetBool(path string) (bool, error)
+	GetFloat64(path string) (float64, error)
+	GetInt64(path string) (int64, error)
+	GetSlice(path string) ([]interface{}, error)
+	GetStringMap(path string) (map[string]string, error)
+	GetMap(path string) (map[string]interface{}, error)
+	MarshalJSON() ([]byte, error)
+	UnmarshalJSON([]byte) error
+	GetGvk() resid.Gvk
+	SetGvk(resid.Gvk)
+	GetKind() string
+	GetName() string
+	SetName(string)
+	SetNamespace(string)
+	GetLabels() map[string]string
+	SetLabels(map[string]string)
+	GetAnnotations() map[string]string
+	SetAnnotations(map[string]string)
+	MatchesLabelSelector(selector string) (bool, error)
+	MatchesAnnotationSelector(selector string) (bool, error)
+	Patch(Kunstructured) error
+}
+
+// KunstructuredFactory makes instances of Kunstructured.
+type KunstructuredFactory interface {
+	SliceFromBytes([]byte) ([]Kunstructured, error)
+	FromMap(m map[string]interface{}) Kunstructured
+	Hasher() KunstructuredHasher
+	MakeConfigMap(
+		kvLdr KvLoader,
+		options *types.GeneratorOptions,
+		args *types.ConfigMapArgs) (Kunstructured, error)
+	MakeSecret(
+		kvLdr KvLoader,
+		options *types.GeneratorOptions,
+		args *types.SecretArgs) (Kunstructured, error)
+}
+
+// KunstructuredHasher returns a hash of the argument
+// or an error.
+type KunstructuredHasher interface {
+	Hash(Kunstructured) (string, error)
+}
+
+// See core.v1.SecretTypeOpaque
+const SecretTypeOpaque = "Opaque"

api/internal/accumulator/expansion/expand.go

@@ -0,0 +1,121 @@
+// Copyright 2019 The Kubernetes Authors.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+
+// Package expansion provides functions find and replace $(FOO) style variables in strings.
+package expansion
+
+import (
+	"bytes"
+	"fmt"
+)
+
+const (
+	operator        = '$'
+	referenceOpener = '('
+	referenceCloser = ')'
+)
+
+// syntaxWrap returns the input string wrapped by the expansion syntax.
+func syntaxWrap(input string) string {
+	return string(operator) + string(referenceOpener) + input + string(referenceCloser)
+}
+
+// MappingFuncFor returns a mapping function for use with Expand that
+// implements the expansion semantics defined in the expansion spec; it
+// returns the input string wrapped in the expansion syntax if no mapping
+// for the input is found.
+func MappingFuncFor(
+	counts map[string]int,
+	context ...map[string]interface{}) func(string) interface{} {
+	return func(input string) interface{} {
+		for _, vars := range context {
+			val, ok := vars[input]
+			if ok {
+				counts[input]++
+				switch typedV := val.(type) {
+				case string, int64, float64, bool:
+					return typedV
+				default:
+					return syntaxWrap(input)
+				}
+			}
+		}
+		return syntaxWrap(input)
+	}
+}
+
+// Expand replaces variable references in the input string according to
+// the expansion spec using the given mapping function to resolve the
+// values of variables.
+func Expand(input string, mapping func(string) interface{}) interface{} {
+	var buf bytes.Buffer
+	checkpoint := 0
+	for cursor := 0; cursor < len(input); cursor++ {
+		if input[cursor] == operator && cursor+1 < len(input) {
+			// Copy the portion of the input string since the last
+			// checkpoint into the buffer
+			buf.WriteString(input[checkpoint:cursor])
+
+			// Attempt to read the variable name as defined by the
+			// syntax from the input string
+			read, isVar, advance := tryReadVariableName(input[cursor+1:])
+
+			if isVar {
+				// We were able to read a variable name correctly;
+				// apply the mapping to the variable name and copy the
+				// bytes into the buffer
+				mapped := mapping(read)
+				if input == syntaxWrap(read) {
+					// Preserve the type of variable
+					return mapped
+				}
+
+				// Variable is used in a middle of a string
+				buf.WriteString(fmt.Sprintf("%v", mapped))
+			} else {
+				// Not a variable name; copy the read bytes into the buffer
+				buf.WriteString(read)
+			}
+
+			// Advance the cursor in the input string to account for
+			// bytes consumed to read the variable name expression
+			cursor += advance
+
+			// Advance the checkpoint in the input string
+			checkpoint = cursor + 1
+		}
+	}
+
+	// Return the buffer and any remaining unwritten bytes in the
+	// input string.
+	return buf.String() + input[checkpoint:]
+}
+
+// tryReadVariableName attempts to read a variable name from the input
+// string and returns the content read from the input, whether that content
+// represents a variable name to perform mapping on, and the number of bytes
+// consumed in the input string.
+//
+// The input string is assumed not to contain the initial operator.
+func tryReadVariableName(input string) (string, bool, int) {
+	switch input[0] {
+	case operator:
+		// Escaped operator; return it.
+		return input[0:1], false, 1
+	case referenceOpener:
+		// Scan to expression closer
+		for i := 1; i < len(input); i++ {
+			if input[i] == referenceCloser {
+				return input[1:i], true, i + 1
+			}
+		}
+
+		// Incomplete reference; return it.
+		return string(operator) + string(referenceOpener), false, 1
+	default:
+		// Not the beginning of an expression, ie, an operator
+		// that doesn't begin an expression.  Return the operator
+		// and the first rune in the string.
+		return string(operator) + string(input[0]), false, 1
+	}
+}

api/internal/accumulator/expansion/expand_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,365 @@
+// Copyright 2019 The Kubernetes Authors.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+
+package expansion_test
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"testing"
+
+	. "sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/api/internal/accumulator/expansion"
+)
+
+type expected struct {
+	count  int
+	edited string
+}
+
+func TestMapReference(t *testing.T) {
+	type env struct {
+		Name  string
+		Value interface{}
+	}
+	envs := []env{
+		{
+			Name:  "FOO",
+			Value: "bar",
+		},
+		{
+			Name:  "ZOO",
+			Value: "$(FOO)-1",
+		},
+		{
+			Name:  "BLU",
+			Value: "$(ZOO)-2",
+		},
+		{
+			Name:  "INT",
+			Value: 2,
+		},
+		{
+			Name:  "ZINT",
+			Value: "$(INT)",
+		},
+		{
+			Name:  "BOOL",
+			Value: true,
+		},
+		{
+			Name:  "ZBOOL",
+			Value: "$(BOOL)",
+		},
+	}
+
+	declaredEnv := map[string]interface{}{
+		"FOO":   "bar",
+		"ZOO":   "$(FOO)-1",
+		"BLU":   "$(ZOO)-2",
+		"INT":   "2",
+		"ZINT":  "$(INT)",
+		"BOOL":  "true",
+		"ZBOOL": "$(BOOL)",
+	}
+
+	counts := make(map[string]int)
+	mapping := MappingFuncFor(counts, declaredEnv)
+
+	for _, env := range envs {
+		declaredEnv[env.Name] = Expand(fmt.Sprintf("%v", env.Value), mapping)
+	}
+
+	expectedEnv := map[string]expected{
+		"FOO":   {count: 1, edited: "bar"},
+		"ZOO":   {count: 1, edited: "bar-1"},
+		"BLU":   {count: 0, edited: "bar-1-2"},
+		"INT":   {count: 1, edited: "2"},
+		"ZINT":  {count: 0, edited: "2"},
+		"BOOL":  {count: 1, edited: "true"},
+		"ZBOOL": {count: 0, edited: "true"},
+	}
+
+	for k, v := range expectedEnv {
+		if e, a := v, declaredEnv[k]; e.edited != a || e.count != counts[k] {
+			t.Errorf("Expected %v count=%d, got %v count=%d",
+				e.edited, e.count, a, counts[k])
+		} else {
+			delete(declaredEnv, k)
+		}
+	}
+
+	if len(declaredEnv) != 0 {
+		t.Errorf("Unexpected keys in declared env: %v", declaredEnv)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestMapping(t *testing.T) {
+	context := map[string]interface{}{
+		"VAR_A":     "A",
+		"VAR_B":     "B",
+		"VAR_C":     "C",
+		"VAR_REF":   "$(VAR_A)",
+		"VAR_EMPTY": "",
+	}
+	doExpansionTest(t, context)
+}
+
+func TestMappingDual(t *testing.T) {
+	context := map[string]interface{}{
+		"VAR_A":     "A",
+		"VAR_EMPTY": "",
+	}
+	context2 := map[string]interface{}{
+		"VAR_B":   "B",
+		"VAR_C":   "C",
+		"VAR_REF": "$(VAR_A)",
+	}
+
+	doExpansionTest(t, context, context2)
+}
+
+func doExpansionTest(t *testing.T, context ...map[string]interface{}) {
+	cases := []struct {
+		name     string
+		input    string
+		expected string
+		counts   map[string]int
+	}{
+		{
+			name:     "whole string",
+			input:    "$(VAR_A)",
+			expected: "A",
+			counts:   map[string]int{"VAR_A": 1},
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "repeat",
+			input:    "$(VAR_A)-$(VAR_A)",
+			expected: "A-A",
+			counts:   map[string]int{"VAR_A": 2},
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "multiple repeats",
+			input:    "$(VAR_A)-$(VAR_B)-$(VAR_B)-$(VAR_B)-$(VAR_A)",
+			expected: "A-B-B-B-A",
+			counts:   map[string]int{"VAR_A": 2, "VAR_B": 3},
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "beginning",
+			input:    "$(VAR_A)-1",
+			expected: "A-1",
+			counts:   map[string]int{"VAR_A": 1},
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "middle",
+			input:    "___$(VAR_B)___",
+			expected: "___B___",
+			counts:   map[string]int{"VAR_B": 1},
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "end",
+			input:    "___$(VAR_C)",
+			expected: "___C",
+			counts:   map[string]int{"VAR_C": 1},
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "compound",
+			input:    "$(VAR_A)_$(VAR_B)_$(VAR_C)",
+			expected: "A_B_C",
+			counts:   map[string]int{"VAR_A": 1, "VAR_B": 1, "VAR_C": 1},
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "escape & expand",
+			input:    "$$(VAR_B)_$(VAR_A)",
+			expected: "$(VAR_B)_A",
+			counts:   map[string]int{"VAR_A": 1},
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "compound escape",
+			input:    "$$(VAR_A)_$$(VAR_B)",
+			expected: "$(VAR_A)_$(VAR_B)",
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "mixed in escapes",
+			input:    "f000-$$VAR_A",
+			expected: "f000-$VAR_A",
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "backslash escape ignored",
+			input:    "foo\\$(VAR_C)bar",
+			expected: "foo\\Cbar",
+			counts:   map[string]int{"VAR_C": 1},
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "backslash escape ignored",
+			input:    "foo\\\\$(VAR_C)bar",
+			expected: "foo\\\\Cbar",
+			counts:   map[string]int{"VAR_C": 1},
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "lots of backslashes",
+			input:    "foo\\\\\\\\$(VAR_A)bar",
+			expected: "foo\\\\\\\\Abar",
+			counts:   map[string]int{"VAR_A": 1},
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "nested var references",
+			input:    "$(VAR_A$(VAR_B))",
+			expected: "$(VAR_A$(VAR_B))",
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "nested var references second type",
+			input:    "$(VAR_A$(VAR_B)",
+			expected: "$(VAR_A$(VAR_B)",
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "value is a reference",
+			input:    "$(VAR_REF)",
+			expected: "$(VAR_A)",
+			counts:   map[string]int{"VAR_REF": 1},
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "value is a reference x 2",
+			input:    "%%$(VAR_REF)--$(VAR_REF)%%",
+			expected: "%%$(VAR_A)--$(VAR_A)%%",
+			counts:   map[string]int{"VAR_REF": 2},
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "empty var",
+			input:    "foo$(VAR_EMPTY)bar",
+			expected: "foobar",
+			counts:   map[string]int{"VAR_EMPTY": 1},
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "unterminated expression",
+			input:    "foo$(VAR_Awhoops!",
+			expected: "foo$(VAR_Awhoops!",
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "expression without operator",
+			input:    "f00__(VAR_A)__",
+			expected: "f00__(VAR_A)__",
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "shell special vars pass through",
+			input:    "$?_boo_$!",
+			expected: "$?_boo_$!",
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "bare operators are ignored",
+			input:    "$VAR_A",
+			expected: "$VAR_A",
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "undefined vars are passed through",
+			input:    "$(VAR_DNE)",
+			expected: "$(VAR_DNE)",
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "multiple (even) operators, var undefined",
+			input:    "$$$$$$(BIG_MONEY)",
+			expected: "$$$(BIG_MONEY)",
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "multiple (even) operators, var defined",
+			input:    "$$$$$$(VAR_A)",
+			expected: "$$$(VAR_A)",
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "multiple (odd) operators, var undefined",
+			input:    "$$$$$$$(GOOD_ODDS)",
+			expected: "$$$$(GOOD_ODDS)",
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "multiple (odd) operators, var defined",
+			input:    "$$$$$$$(VAR_A)",
+			expected: "$$$A",
+			counts:   map[string]int{"VAR_A": 1},
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "missing open expression",
+			input:    "$VAR_A)",
+			expected: "$VAR_A)",
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "shell syntax ignored",
+			input:    "${VAR_A}",
+			expected: "${VAR_A}",
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "trailing incomplete expression not consumed",
+			input:    "$(VAR_B)_______$(A",
+			expected: "B_______$(A",
+			counts:   map[string]int{"VAR_B": 1},
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "trailing incomplete expression, no content, is not consumed",
+			input:    "$(VAR_C)_______$(",
+			expected: "C_______$(",
+			counts:   map[string]int{"VAR_C": 1},
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "operator at end of input string is preserved",
+			input:    "$(VAR_A)foobarzab$",
+			expected: "Afoobarzab$",
+			counts:   map[string]int{"VAR_A": 1},
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "shell escaped incomplete expr",
+			input:    "foo-\\$(VAR_A",
+			expected: "foo-\\$(VAR_A",
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "lots of $( in middle",
+			input:    "--$($($($($--",
+			expected: "--$($($($($--",
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "lots of $( in beginning",
+			input:    "$($($($($--foo$(",
+			expected: "$($($($($--foo$(",
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "lots of $( at end",
+			input:    "foo0--$($($($(",
+			expected: "foo0--$($($($(",
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "escaped operators in variable names are not escaped",
+			input:    "$(foo$$var)",
+			expected: "$(foo$$var)",
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "newline not expanded",
+			input:    "\n",
+			expected: "\n",
+		},
+	}
+
+	for _, tc := range cases {
+		counts := make(map[string]int)
+		mapping := MappingFuncFor(counts, context...)
+		expanded := Expand(fmt.Sprintf("%v", tc.input), mapping)
+		if e, a := tc.expected, expanded; e != a {
+			t.Errorf("%v: expected %q, got %q", tc.name, e, a)
+		}
+		if len(counts) != len(tc.counts) {
+			t.Errorf("%v: len(counts)=%d != len(tc.counts)=%d",
+				tc.name, len(counts), len(tc.counts))
+		}
+		if len(tc.counts) > 0 {
+			for k, expectedCount := range tc.counts {
+				c, ok := counts[k]
+				if ok {
+					if c != expectedCount {
+						t.Errorf(
+							"%v: k=%s, expected count %d, got %d",
+							tc.name, k, expectedCount, c)
+					}
+				} else {
+					t.Errorf(
+						"%v: k=%s, expected count %d, got zero",
+						tc.name, k, expectedCount)
+				}
+			}
+		}
+	}
+}

api/internal/accumulator/loadconfigfromcrds.go

@@ -0,0 +1,190 @@
+// Copyright 2019 The Kubernetes Authors.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+
+package accumulator
+
+import (
+	"encoding/json"
+	"strings"
+
+	"github.com/go-openapi/spec"
+	"github.com/pkg/errors"
+	"k8s.io/kube-openapi/pkg/common"
+	"sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/api/ifc"
+	"sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/api/internal/plugins/builtinconfig"
+	"sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/api/resid"
+	"sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/api/types"
+	"sigs.k8s.io/yaml"
+)
+
+type myProperties map[string]spec.Schema
+type nameToApiMap map[string]common.OpenAPIDefinition
+
+// LoadConfigFromCRDs parse CRD schemas from paths into a TransformerConfig
+func LoadConfigFromCRDs(
+	ldr ifc.Loader, paths []string) (*builtinconfig.TransformerConfig, error) {
+	tc := builtinconfig.MakeEmptyConfig()
+	for _, path := range paths {
+		content, err := ldr.Load(path)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		m, err := makeNameToApiMap(content)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, errors.Wrapf(err, "unable to parse open API definition from '%s'", path)
+		}
+		otherTc, err := makeConfigFromApiMap(m)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		tc, err = tc.Merge(otherTc)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+	}
+	return tc, nil
+}
+
+func makeNameToApiMap(content []byte) (result nameToApiMap, err error) {
+	if content[0] == '{' {
+		err = json.Unmarshal(content, &result)
+	} else {
+		err = yaml.Unmarshal(content, &result)
+	}
+	return
+}
+
+func makeConfigFromApiMap(m nameToApiMap) (*builtinconfig.TransformerConfig, error) {
+	result := builtinconfig.MakeEmptyConfig()
+	for name, api := range m {
+		if !looksLikeAk8sType(api.Schema.SchemaProps.Properties) {
+			continue
+		}
+		tc := builtinconfig.MakeEmptyConfig()
+		err := loadCrdIntoConfig(
+			tc, makeGvkFromTypeName(name), m, name, []string{})
+		if err != nil {
+			return result, err
+		}
+		result, err = result.Merge(tc)
+		if err != nil {
+			return result, err
+		}
+	}
+	return result, nil
+}
+
+// TODO: Get Group and Version for CRD from the
+// openAPI definition once
+// "x-kubernetes-group-version-kind" is available in CRD
+func makeGvkFromTypeName(n string) resid.Gvk {
+	names := strings.Split(n, ".")
+	kind := names[len(names)-1]
+	return resid.Gvk{Kind: kind}
+}
+
+func looksLikeAk8sType(properties myProperties) bool {
+	_, ok := properties["kind"]
+	if !ok {
+		return false
+	}
+	_, ok = properties["apiVersion"]
+	if !ok {
+		return false
+	}
+	_, ok = properties["metadata"]
+	if !ok {
+		return false
+	}
+	return true
+}
+
+const (
+	// "x-kubernetes-annotation": ""
+	xAnnotation = "x-kubernetes-annotation"
+
+	// "x-kubernetes-label-selector": ""
+	xLabelSelector = "x-kubernetes-label-selector"
+
+	// "x-kubernetes-identity": ""
+	xIdentity = "x-kubernetes-identity"
+
+	// "x-kubernetes-object-ref-api-version": <apiVersion name>
+	xVersion = "x-kubernetes-object-ref-api-version"
+
+	// "x-kubernetes-object-ref-kind": <kind name>
+	xKind = "x-kubernetes-object-ref-kind"
+
+	// "x-kubernetes-object-ref-name-key": "name"
+	// default is "name"
+	xNameKey = "x-kubernetes-object-ref-name-key"
+)
+
+// loadCrdIntoConfig loads a CRD spec into a TransformerConfig
+func loadCrdIntoConfig(
+	theConfig *builtinconfig.TransformerConfig, theGvk resid.Gvk, theMap nameToApiMap,
+	typeName string, path []string) (err error) {
+	api, ok := theMap[typeName]
+	if !ok {
+		return nil
+	}
+	for propName, property := range api.Schema.SchemaProps.Properties {
+		_, annotate := property.Extensions.GetString(xAnnotation)
+		if annotate {
+			err = theConfig.AddAnnotationFieldSpec(
+				makeFs(theGvk, append(path, propName)))
+			if err != nil {
+				return
+			}
+		}
+		_, label := property.Extensions.GetString(xLabelSelector)
+		if label {
+			err = theConfig.AddLabelFieldSpec(
+				makeFs(theGvk, append(path, propName)))
+			if err != nil {
+				return
+			}
+		}
+		_, identity := property.Extensions.GetString(xIdentity)
+		if identity {
+			err = theConfig.AddPrefixFieldSpec(
+				makeFs(theGvk, append(path, propName)))
+			if err != nil {
+				return
+			}
+		}
+		version, ok := property.Extensions.GetString(xVersion)
+		if ok {
+			kind, ok := property.Extensions.GetString(xKind)
+			if ok {
+				nameKey, ok := property.Extensions.GetString(xNameKey)
+				if !ok {
+					nameKey = "name"
+				}
+				err = theConfig.AddNamereferenceFieldSpec(
+					builtinconfig.NameBackReferences{
+						Gvk: resid.Gvk{Kind: kind, Version: version},
+						FieldSpecs: []types.FieldSpec{
+							makeFs(theGvk, append(path, propName, nameKey))},
+					})
+				if err != nil {
+					return
+				}
+			}
+		}
+		if property.Ref.GetURL() != nil {
+			loadCrdIntoConfig(
+				theConfig, theGvk, theMap,
+				property.Ref.String(), append(path, propName))
+		}
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+func makeFs(in resid.Gvk, path []string) types.FieldSpec {
+	return types.FieldSpec{
+		CreateIfNotPresent: false,
+		Gvk:                in,
+		Path:               strings.Join(path, "/"),
+	}
+}

api/internal/accumulator/loadconfigfromcrds_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,182 @@
+// Copyright 2019 The Kubernetes Authors.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+
+package accumulator_test
+
+import (
+	"reflect"
+	"testing"
+
+	"sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/api/ifc"
+	. "sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/api/internal/accumulator"
+	"sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/api/internal/loadertest"
+	"sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/api/internal/plugins/builtinconfig"
+	"sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/api/resid"
+	"sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/api/types"
+)
+
+// This defines two CRD's:  Bee and MyKind.
+//
+// Bee is boring, it's spec has no dependencies.
+//
+// MyKind, however, has a spec that contains
+// a Bee and a (k8s native) Secret.
+const (
+	crdContent = `
+{
+	"github.com/example/pkg/apis/jingfang/v1beta1.Bee": {
+		"Schema": {
+			"description": "Bee",
+			"properties": {
+				"apiVersion": {
+					"description": "APIVersion defines the versioned schema of this representation of an object. Servers should convert 
+recognized schemas to the latest internal value, and may reject unrecognized values. 
+More info: https://git.k8s.io/community/contributors/devel/api-conventions.md#resources",
+					"type": "string"
+				},
+				"kind": {
+					"description": "Kind is a string value representing the REST resource this object represents. Servers may infer
+this from the endpoint the client submits requests to. Cannot be updated. In CamelCase.
+More info: https://git.k8s.io/community/contributors/devel/api-conventions.md#types-kinds",
+					"type": "string"
+				},
+				"metadata": {
+					"$ref": "sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/pseudo/k8s/apimachinery/pkg/apis/meta/v1.ObjectMeta"
+				},
+				"spec": {
+					"$ref": "github.com/example/pkg/apis/jingfang/v1beta1.BeeSpec"
+				},
+				"status": {
+					"$ref": "github.com/example/pkg/apis/jingfang/v1beta1.BeeStatus"
+				}
+			}
+		},
+		"Dependencies": [
+			"github.com/example/pkg/apis/jingfang/v1beta1.BeeSpec",
+			"github.com/example/pkg/apis/jingfang/v1beta1.BeeStatus",
+			"sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/pseudo/k8s/apimachinery/pkg/apis/meta/v1.ObjectMeta"
+		]
+	},
+	"github.com/example/pkg/apis/jingfang/v1beta1.BeeSpec": {
+		"Schema": {
+			"description": "BeeSpec defines the desired state of Bee"
+		},
+		"Dependencies": []
+	},
+	"github.com/example/pkg/apis/jingfang/v1beta1.BeeStatus": {
+		"Schema": {
+			"description": "BeeStatus defines the observed state of Bee"
+		},
+		"Dependencies": []
+	},
+	"github.com/example/pkg/apis/jingfang/v1beta1.MyKind": {
+		"Schema": {
+			"description": "MyKind",
+			"properties": {
+				"apiVersion": {
+					"description": "APIVersion defines the versioned schema of this representation of an object.
+Servers should convert recognized schemas to the latest internal value, and may reject unrecognized values.
+More info: https://git.k8s.io/community/contributors/devel/api-conventions.md#resources",
+					"type": "string"
+				},
+				"kind": {
+					"description": "Kind is a string value representing the REST resource this object represents.
+Servers may infer this from the endpoint the client submits requests to. Cannot be updated.
+In CamelCase. More info: https://git.k8s.io/community/contributors/devel/api-conventions.md#types-kinds",
+					"type": "string"
+				},
+				"metadata": {
+					"$ref": "sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/pseudo/k8s/apimachinery/pkg/apis/meta/v1.ObjectMeta"
+				},
+				"spec": {
+					"$ref": "github.com/example/pkg/apis/jingfang/v1beta1.MyKindSpec"
+				},
+				"status": {
+					"$ref": "github.com/example/pkg/apis/jingfang/v1beta1.MyKindStatus"
+				}
+			}
+		},
+		"Dependencies": [
+			"github.com/example/pkg/apis/jingfang/v1beta1.MyKindSpec",
+			"github.com/example/pkg/apis/jingfang/v1beta1.MyKindStatus",
+			"sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/pseudo/k8s/apimachinery/pkg/apis/meta/v1.ObjectMeta"
+		]
+	},
+	"github.com/example/pkg/apis/jingfang/v1beta1.MyKindSpec": {
+		"Schema": {
+			"description": "MyKindSpec defines the desired state of MyKind",
+			"properties": {
+				"beeRef": {
+					"x-kubernetes-object-ref-api-version": "v1beta1",
+					"x-kubernetes-object-ref-kind": "Bee",
+					"$ref": "github.com/example/pkg/apis/jingfang/v1beta1.Bee"
+				},
+				"secretRef": {
+					"description": "If defined, we use this secret for configuring the MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD 
+If it is not set we generate a secret dynamically",
+					"x-kubernetes-object-ref-api-version": "v1",
+					"x-kubernetes-object-ref-kind": "Secret",
+					"$ref": "sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/pseudo/k8s/api/core/v1.LocalObjectReference"
+				}
+			}
+		},
+		"Dependencies": [
+			"github.com/example/pkg/apis/jingfang/v1beta1.Bee",
+			"sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/pseudo/k8s/api/core/v1.LocalObjectReference"
+		]
+	},
+	"github.com/example/pkg/apis/jingfang/v1beta1.MyKindStatus": {
+		"Schema": {
+			"description": "MyKindStatus defines the observed state of MyKind"
+		},
+		"Dependencies": []
+	}
+}
+`
+)
+
+func makeLoader(t *testing.T) ifc.Loader {
+	ldr := loadertest.NewFakeLoader("/testpath")
+	err := ldr.AddFile("/testpath/crd.json", []byte(crdContent))
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("Failed to setup fake ldr.")
+	}
+	return ldr
+}
+
+func TestLoadCRDs(t *testing.T) {
+	nbrs := []builtinconfig.NameBackReferences{
+		{
+			Gvk: resid.Gvk{Kind: "Secret", Version: "v1"},
+			FieldSpecs: []types.FieldSpec{
+				{
+					CreateIfNotPresent: false,
+					Gvk:                resid.Gvk{Kind: "MyKind"},
+					Path:               "spec/secretRef/name",
+				},
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			Gvk: resid.Gvk{Kind: "Bee", Version: "v1beta1"},
+			FieldSpecs: []types.FieldSpec{
+				{
+					CreateIfNotPresent: false,
+					Gvk:                resid.Gvk{Kind: "MyKind"},
+					Path:               "spec/beeRef/name",
+				},
+			},
+		},
+	}
+
+	expectedTc := &builtinconfig.TransformerConfig{
+		NameReference: nbrs,
+	}
+
+	actualTc, err := LoadConfigFromCRDs(makeLoader(t), []string{"crd.json"})
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("unexpected error:%v", err)
+	}
+	if !reflect.DeepEqual(actualTc, expectedTc) {
+		t.Fatalf("expected\n %v\n but got\n %v\n", expectedTc, actualTc)
+	}
+}

api/internal/accumulator/namereferencetransformer.go

@@ -0,0 +1,274 @@
+// Copyright 2019 The Kubernetes Authors.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+
+package accumulator
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"log"
+
+	"sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/api/internal/plugins/builtinconfig"
+	"sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/api/resid"
+	"sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/api/resmap"
+	"sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/api/resource"
+	"sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/api/transform"
+)
+
+type nameReferenceTransformer struct {
+	backRefs []builtinconfig.NameBackReferences
+}
+
+var _ resmap.Transformer = &nameReferenceTransformer{}
+
+// newNameReferenceTransformer constructs a nameReferenceTransformer
+// with a given slice of NameBackReferences.
+func newNameReferenceTransformer(br []builtinconfig.NameBackReferences) resmap.Transformer {
+	if br == nil {
+		log.Fatal("backrefs not expected to be nil")
+	}
+	return &nameReferenceTransformer{backRefs: br}
+}
+
+// Transform updates name references in resource A that
+// refer to resource B, given that B's name may have
+// changed.
+//
+// For example, a HorizontalPodAutoscaler (HPA)
+// necessarily refers to a Deployment, the thing that
+// the HPA scales. The Deployment name might change
+// (e.g. prefix added), and the reference in the HPA
+// has to be fixed.
+//
+// In the outer loop over the ResMap below, say we
+// encounter a specific HPA. Then, in scanning backrefs,
+// we encounter an entry like
+//
+//   - kind: Deployment
+//     fieldSpecs:
+//     - kind: HorizontalPodAutoscaler
+//       path: spec/scaleTargetRef/name
+//
+// This entry says that an HPA, via its
+// 'spec/scaleTargetRef/name' field, may refer to a
+// Deployment.  This match to HPA means we may need to
+// modify the value in its 'spec/scaleTargetRef/name'
+// field, by searching for the thing it refers to,
+// and getting its new name.
+//
+// As a filter, and search optimization, we compute a
+// subset of all resources that the HPA could refer to,
+// by excluding objects from other namespaces, and
+// excluding objects that don't have the same prefix-
+// suffix mods as the HPA.
+//
+// We look in this subset for all Deployment objects
+// with a resId that has a Name matching the field value
+// present in the HPA.  If no match do nothing; if more
+// than one match, it's an error.
+//
+// We overwrite the HPA name field with the value found
+// in the Deployment's name field (the name in the raw
+// object - the modified name - not the unmodified name
+// in the Deployment's resId).
+//
+// This process assumes that the name stored in a ResId
+// (the ResMap key) isn't modified by name transformers.
+// Name transformers should only modify the name in the
+// body of the resource object (the value in the ResMap).
+//
+func (o *nameReferenceTransformer) Transform(m resmap.ResMap) error {
+	// TODO: Too much looping, here and in transitive calls.
+	for _, referrer := range m.Resources() {
+		var candidates resmap.ResMap
+		for _, target := range o.backRefs {
+			for _, fSpec := range target.FieldSpecs {
+				if referrer.OrgId().IsSelected(&fSpec.Gvk) {
+					if candidates == nil {
+						candidates = m.SubsetThatCouldBeReferencedByResource(referrer)
+					}
+					err := transform.MutateField(
+						referrer.Map(),
+						fSpec.PathSlice(),
+						fSpec.CreateIfNotPresent,
+						o.getNewNameFunc(
+							// referrer could be an HPA instance,
+							// target could be Gvk for Deployment,
+							// candidate a list of resources "reachable"
+							// from the HPA.
+							referrer, target.Gvk, candidates))
+					if err != nil {
+						return err
+					}
+				}
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+// selectReferral picks the referral among a subset of candidates.
+// It returns the current name and namespace of the selected candidate.
+// Note that the content of the referricalCandidateSubset slice is most of the time
+// identical to the referralCandidates resmap. Still in some cases, such
+// as ClusterRoleBinding, the subset only contains the resources of a specific
+// namespace.
+func (o *nameReferenceTransformer) selectReferral(
+	oldName string,
+	referrer *resource.Resource,
+	target resid.Gvk,
+	referralCandidates resmap.ResMap,
+	referralCandidateSubset []*resource.Resource) (interface{}, interface{}, error) {
+
+	for _, res := range referralCandidateSubset {
+		id := res.OrgId()
+		if id.IsSelected(&target) && res.GetOriginalName() == oldName {
+			matches := referralCandidates.GetMatchingResourcesByOriginalId(id.Equals)
+			// If there's more than one match, there's no way
+			// to know which one to pick, so emit error.
+			if len(matches) > 1 {
+				return nil, nil, fmt.Errorf(
+					"multiple matches for %s:\n  %v",
+					id, getIds(matches))
+			}
+			// In the resource, note that it is referenced
+			// by the referrer.
+			res.AppendRefBy(referrer.CurId())
+			// Return transformed name of the object,
+			// complete with prefixes, hashes, etc.
+			return res.GetName(), res.GetNamespace(), nil
+		}
+	}
+
+	return oldName, nil, nil
+}
+
+// utility function to replace a simple string by the new name
+func (o *nameReferenceTransformer) getSimpleNameField(
+	oldName string,
+	referrer *resource.Resource,
+	target resid.Gvk,
+	referralCandidates resmap.ResMap,
+	referralCandidateSubset []*resource.Resource) (interface{}, error) {
+
+	newName, _, err := o.selectReferral(oldName, referrer, target,
+		referralCandidates, referralCandidateSubset)
+
+	return newName, err
+}
+
+// utility function to replace name field within a map[string]interface{}
+// and leverage the namespace field.
+func (o *nameReferenceTransformer) getNameAndNsStruct(
+	inMap map[string]interface{},
+	referrer *resource.Resource,
+	target resid.Gvk,
+	referralCandidates resmap.ResMap) (interface{}, error) {
+
+	// Example:
+	if _, ok := inMap["name"]; !ok {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf(
+			"%#v is expected to contain a name field", inMap)
+	}
+	oldName, ok := inMap["name"].(string)
+	if !ok {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf(
+			"%#v is expected to contain a name field of type string", oldName)
+	}
+
+	subset := referralCandidates.Resources()
+	if namespacevalue, ok := inMap["namespace"]; ok {
+		namespace := namespacevalue.(string)
+		bynamespace := referralCandidates.GroupedByOriginalNamespace()
+		if _, ok := bynamespace[namespace]; !ok {
+			return inMap, nil
+		}
+		subset = bynamespace[namespace]
+	}
+
+	newname, newnamespace, err := o.selectReferral(oldName, referrer, target,
+		referralCandidates, subset)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	if (newname == oldName) && (newnamespace == nil) {
+		// no candidate found.
+		return inMap, nil
+	}
+
+	inMap["name"] = newname
+	if newnamespace != "" {
+		// We don't want value "" to replace value "default" since
+		// the empty string is handled as a wild card here not default namespace
+		// by kubernetes.
+		inMap["namespace"] = newnamespace
+	}
+	return inMap, nil
+
+}
+
+func (o *nameReferenceTransformer) getNewNameFunc(
+	referrer *resource.Resource,
+	target resid.Gvk,
+	referralCandidates resmap.ResMap) func(in interface{}) (interface{}, error) {
+	return func(in interface{}) (interface{}, error) {
+		switch in.(type) {
+		case string:
+			oldName, _ := in.(string)
+			return o.getSimpleNameField(oldName, referrer, target,
+				referralCandidates, referralCandidates.Resources())
+		case map[string]interface{}:
+			// Kind: ValidatingWebhookConfiguration
+			// FieldSpec is webhooks/clientConfig/service
+			oldMap, _ := in.(map[string]interface{})
+			return o.getNameAndNsStruct(oldMap, referrer, target,
+				referralCandidates)
+		case []interface{}:
+			l, _ := in.([]interface{})
+			for idx, item := range l {
+				switch item.(type) {
+				case string:
+					// Kind: Role/ClusterRole
+					// FieldSpec is rules.resourceNames
+					oldName, _ := item.(string)
+					newName, err := o.getSimpleNameField(oldName, referrer, target,
+						referralCandidates, referralCandidates.Resources())
+					if err != nil {
+						return nil, err
+					}
+					l[idx] = newName
+				case map[string]interface{}:
+					// Kind: RoleBinding/ClusterRoleBinding
+					// FieldSpec is subjects
+					// Note: The corresponding fieldSpec had been changed from
+					// from path: subjects/name to just path: subjects. This is
+					// what get mutatefield to request the mapping of the whole
+					// map containing namespace and name instead of just a simple
+					// string field containing the name
+					oldMap, _ := item.(map[string]interface{})
+					newMap, err := o.getNameAndNsStruct(oldMap, referrer, target,
+						referralCandidates)
+					if err != nil {
+						return nil, err
+					}
+					l[idx] = newMap
+				default:
+					return nil, fmt.Errorf(
+						"%#v is expected to be either a []string or a []map[string]interface{}", in)
+				}
+			}
+			return in, nil
+		default:
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf(
+				"%#v is expected to be either a string or a []interface{}", in)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func getIds(rs []*resource.Resource) []string {
+	var result []string
+	for _, r := range rs {
+		result = append(result, r.CurId().String()+"\n")
+	}
+	return result
+}

api/internal/accumulator/refvartransformer.go

@@ -0,0 +1,110 @@
+// Copyright 2019 The Kubernetes Authors.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+
+package accumulator
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+
+	expansion2 "sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/api/internal/accumulator/expansion"
+
+	"sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/api/resmap"
+	"sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/api/transform"
+	"sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/api/types"
+)
+
+type refVarTransformer struct {
+	varMap            map[string]interface{}
+	replacementCounts map[string]int
+	fieldSpecs        []types.FieldSpec
+	mappingFunc       func(string) interface{}
+}
+
+// newRefVarTransformer returns a new refVarTransformer
+// that replaces $(VAR) style variables with values.
+// The fieldSpecs are the places to look for occurrences of $(VAR).
+func newRefVarTransformer(
+	varMap map[string]interface{}, fs []types.FieldSpec) *refVarTransformer {
+	return &refVarTransformer{
+		varMap:     varMap,
+		fieldSpecs: fs,
+	}
+}
+
+// replaceVars accepts as 'in' a string, or string array, which can have
+// embedded instances of $VAR style variables, e.g. a container command string.
+// The function returns the string with the variables expanded to their final
+// values.
+func (rv *refVarTransformer) replaceVars(in interface{}) (interface{}, error) {
+	switch vt := in.(type) {
+	case []interface{}:
+		var xs []interface{}
+		for _, a := range in.([]interface{}) {
+			xs = append(xs, expansion2.Expand(a.(string), rv.mappingFunc))
+		}
+		return xs, nil
+	case map[string]interface{}:
+		inMap := in.(map[string]interface{})
+		xs := make(map[string]interface{}, len(inMap))
+		for k, v := range inMap {
+			s, ok := v.(string)
+			if !ok {
+				// This field not contain a $(VAR) since it is not
+				// of string type. For instance .spec.replicas: 3 in
+				// a Deployment object
+				xs[k] = v
+			} else {
+				// This field can potentially contains a $(VAR) since it is
+				// of string type. For instance .spec.replicas: $(REPLICAS)
+				// in a Deployment object
+				xs[k] = expansion2.Expand(s, rv.mappingFunc)
+			}
+		}
+		return xs, nil
+	case interface{}:
+		s, ok := in.(string)
+		if !ok {
+			// This field not contain a $(VAR) since it is not of string type.
+			return in, nil
+		}
+		// This field can potentially contain a $(VAR) since it is
+		// of string type.
+		return expansion2.Expand(s, rv.mappingFunc), nil
+	case nil:
+		return nil, nil
+	default:
+		return "", fmt.Errorf("invalid type encountered %T", vt)
+	}
+}
+
+// UnusedVars returns slice of Var names that were unused
+// after a Transform run.
+func (rv *refVarTransformer) UnusedVars() []string {
+	var unused []string
+	for k := range rv.varMap {
+		_, ok := rv.replacementCounts[k]
+		if !ok {
+			unused = append(unused, k)
+		}
+	}
+	return unused
+}
+
+// Transform replaces $(VAR) style variables with values.
+func (rv *refVarTransformer) Transform(m resmap.ResMap) error {
+	rv.replacementCounts = make(map[string]int)
+	rv.mappingFunc = expansion2.MappingFuncFor(
+		rv.replacementCounts, rv.varMap)
+	for _, res := range m.Resources() {
+		for _, fieldSpec := range rv.fieldSpecs {
+			if res.OrgId().IsSelected(&fieldSpec.Gvk) {
+				if err := transform.MutateField(
+					res.Map(), fieldSpec.PathSlice(),
+					false, rv.replaceVars); err != nil {
+					return err
+				}
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	return nil
+}

api/internal/accumulator/refvartransformer_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,137 @@
+// Copyright 2019 The Kubernetes Authors.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+
+package accumulator
+
+import (
+	"reflect"
+	"testing"
+
+	"sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/api/k8sdeps/kunstruct"
+	"sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/api/resid"
+	"sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/api/resmap"
+	"sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/api/resource"
+	"sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/api/testutils/resmaptest"
+	"sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/api/types"
+)
+
+func TestRefVarTransformer(t *testing.T) {
+	type given struct {
+		varMap map[string]interface{}
+		fs     []types.FieldSpec
+		res    resmap.ResMap
+	}
+	type expected struct {
+		res    resmap.ResMap
+		unused []string
+	}
+	testCases := []struct {
+		description string
+		given       given
+		expected    expected
+	}{
+		{
+			description: "var replacement in map[string]",
+			given: given{
+				varMap: map[string]interface{}{
+					"FOO": "replacementForFoo",
+					"BAR": "replacementForBar",
+					"BAZ": int64(5),
+					"BOO": true,
+				},
+				fs: []types.FieldSpec{
+					{Gvk: resid.Gvk{Version: "v1", Kind: "ConfigMap"}, Path: "data/map"},
+					{Gvk: resid.Gvk{Version: "v1", Kind: "ConfigMap"}, Path: "data/slice"},
+					{Gvk: resid.Gvk{Version: "v1", Kind: "ConfigMap"}, Path: "data/interface"},
+					{Gvk: resid.Gvk{Version: "v1", Kind: "ConfigMap"}, Path: "data/nil"},
+					{Gvk: resid.Gvk{Version: "v1", Kind: "ConfigMap"}, Path: "data/num"},
+				},
+				res: resmaptest_test.NewRmBuilder(
+					t, resource.NewFactory(kunstruct.NewKunstructuredFactoryImpl())).
+					Add(map[string]interface{}{
+						"apiVersion": "v1",
+						"kind":       "ConfigMap",
+						"metadata": map[string]interface{}{
+							"name": "cm1",
+						},
+						"data": map[string]interface{}{
+							"map": map[string]interface{}{
+								"item1": "$(FOO)",
+								"item2": "bla",
+								"item3": "$(BAZ)",
+								"item4": "$(BAZ)+$(BAZ)",
+								"item5": "$(BOO)",
+								"item6": "if $(BOO)",
+								"item7": 2019,
+							},
+							"slice": []interface{}{
+								"$(FOO)",
+								"bla",
+								"$(BAZ)",
+								"$(BAZ)+$(BAZ)",
+								"$(BOO)",
+								"if $(BOO)",
+							},
+							"interface": "$(FOO)",
+							"nil":       nil,
+							"num":       2019,
+						}}).ResMap(),
+			},
+			expected: expected{
+				res: resmaptest_test.NewRmBuilder(
+					t, resource.NewFactory(kunstruct.NewKunstructuredFactoryImpl())).
+					Add(map[string]interface{}{
+						"apiVersion": "v1",
+						"kind":       "ConfigMap",
+						"metadata": map[string]interface{}{
+							"name": "cm1",
+						},
+						"data": map[string]interface{}{
+							"map": map[string]interface{}{
+								"item1": "replacementForFoo",
+								"item2": "bla",
+								"item3": int64(5),
+								"item4": "5+5",
+								"item5": true,
+								"item6": "if true",
+								"item7": 2019,
+							},
+							"slice": []interface{}{
+								"replacementForFoo",
+								"bla",
+								int64(5),
+								"5+5",
+								true,
+								"if true",
+							},
+							"interface": "replacementForFoo",
+							"nil":       nil,
+							"num":       2019,
+						}}).ResMap(),
+				unused: []string{"BAR"},
+			},
+		},
+	}
+
+	for _, tc := range testCases {
+		t.Run(tc.description, func(t *testing.T) {
+			// arrange
+			tr := newRefVarTransformer(tc.given.varMap, tc.given.fs)
+
+			// act
+			err := tr.Transform(tc.given.res)
+
+			// assert
+			if err != nil {
+				t.Errorf("unexpected error: %v", err)
+			}
+
+			a, e := tc.given.res, tc.expected.res
+			if !reflect.DeepEqual(a, e) {
+				err = e.ErrorIfNotEqualLists(a)
+				t.Fatalf("actual doesn't match expected: \nACTUAL:\n%v\nEXPECTED:\n%v\nERR: %v", a, e, err)
+			}
+
+		})
+	}
+}

api/internal/accumulator/resaccumulator.go

@@ -0,0 +1,166 @@
+// Copyright 2019 The Kubernetes Authors.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+
+package accumulator
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"log"
+	"strings"
+
+	"sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/api/internal/plugins/builtinconfig"
+	"sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/api/resid"
+	"sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/api/resmap"
+	"sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/api/types"
+)
+
+// ResAccumulator accumulates resources and the rules
+// used to customize those resources.  It's a ResMap
+// plus stuff needed to modify the ResMap.
+type ResAccumulator struct {
+	resMap  resmap.ResMap
+	tConfig *builtinconfig.TransformerConfig
+	varSet  types.VarSet
+}
+
+func MakeEmptyAccumulator() *ResAccumulator {
+	ra := &ResAccumulator{}
+	ra.resMap = resmap.New()
+	ra.tConfig = &builtinconfig.TransformerConfig{}
+	ra.varSet = types.NewVarSet()
+	return ra
+}
+
+// ResMap returns a copy of the internal resMap.
+func (ra *ResAccumulator) ResMap() resmap.ResMap {
+	return ra.resMap.ShallowCopy()
+}
+
+// Vars returns a copy of underlying vars.
+func (ra *ResAccumulator) Vars() []types.Var {
+	return ra.varSet.AsSlice()
+}
+
+func (ra *ResAccumulator) AppendAll(
+	resources resmap.ResMap) error {
+	return ra.resMap.AppendAll(resources)
+}
+
+func (ra *ResAccumulator) AbsorbAll(
+	resources resmap.ResMap) error {
+	return ra.resMap.AbsorbAll(resources)
+}
+
+func (ra *ResAccumulator) MergeConfig(
+	tConfig *builtinconfig.TransformerConfig) (err error) {
+	ra.tConfig, err = ra.tConfig.Merge(tConfig)
+	return err
+}
+
+func (ra *ResAccumulator) GetTransformerConfig() *builtinconfig.TransformerConfig {
+	return ra.tConfig
+}
+
+func (ra *ResAccumulator) MergeVars(incoming []types.Var) error {
+	for _, v := range incoming {
+		targetId := resid.NewResIdWithNamespace(v.ObjRef.GVK(), v.ObjRef.Name, v.ObjRef.Namespace)
+		idMatcher := targetId.GvknEquals
+		if targetId.Namespace != "" || !targetId.IsNamespaceableKind() {
+			// Preserve backward compatibility. An empty namespace means
+			// wildcard search on the namespace hence we still use GvknEquals
+			idMatcher = targetId.Equals
+		}
+		matched := ra.resMap.GetMatchingResourcesByOriginalId(idMatcher)
+		if len(matched) > 1 {
+			return fmt.Errorf(
+				"found %d resId matches for var %s "+
+					"(unable to disambiguate)",
+				len(matched), v)
+		}
+		if len(matched) == 1 {
+			matched[0].AppendRefVarName(v)
+		}
+	}
+	return ra.varSet.MergeSlice(incoming)
+}
+
+func (ra *ResAccumulator) MergeAccumulator(other *ResAccumulator) (err error) {
+	err = ra.AppendAll(other.resMap)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	err = ra.MergeConfig(other.tConfig)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	return ra.varSet.MergeSet(other.varSet)
+}
+
+func (ra *ResAccumulator) findVarValueFromResources(v types.Var) (interface{}, error) {
+	for _, res := range ra.resMap.Resources() {
+		for _, varName := range res.GetRefVarNames() {
+			if varName == v.Name {
+				s, err := res.GetFieldValue(v.FieldRef.FieldPath)
+				if err != nil {
+					return "", fmt.Errorf(
+						"field specified in var '%v' "+
+							"not found in corresponding resource", v)
+				}
+
+				return s, nil
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	return "", fmt.Errorf(
+		"var '%v' cannot be mapped to a field "+
+			"in the set of known resources", v)
+}
+
+// makeVarReplacementMap returns a map of Var names to
+// their final values. The values are strings intended
+// for substitution wherever the $(var.Name) occurs.
+func (ra *ResAccumulator) makeVarReplacementMap() (map[string]interface{}, error) {
+	result := map[string]interface{}{}
+	for _, v := range ra.Vars() {
+		s, err := ra.findVarValueFromResources(v)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+
+		result[v.Name] = s
+	}
+
+	return result, nil
+}
+
+func (ra *ResAccumulator) Transform(t resmap.Transformer) error {
+	return t.Transform(ra.resMap)
+}
+
+func (ra *ResAccumulator) ResolveVars() error {
+	replacementMap, err := ra.makeVarReplacementMap()
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	if len(replacementMap) == 0 {
+		return nil
+	}
+	t := newRefVarTransformer(
+		replacementMap, ra.tConfig.VarReference)
+	err = ra.Transform(t)
+	if len(t.UnusedVars()) > 0 {
+		log.Printf(
+			"well-defined vars that were never replaced: %s\n",
+			strings.Join(t.UnusedVars(), ","))
+	}
+	return err
+}
+
+func (ra *ResAccumulator) FixBackReferences() (err error) {
+	if ra.tConfig.NameReference == nil {
+		return nil
+	}
+	return ra.Transform(newNameReferenceTransformer(
+		ra.tConfig.NameReference))
+}

api/internal/accumulator/resaccumulator_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,417 @@
+// Copyright 2019 The Kubernetes Authors.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+
+package accumulator_test
+
+import (
+	"bytes"
+	"log"
+	"os"
+	"strings"
+	"testing"
+
+	. "sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/api/internal/accumulator"
+	"sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/api/internal/plugins/builtinconfig"
+	"sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/api/k8sdeps/kunstruct"
+	"sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/api/resid"
+	"sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/api/resmap"
+	"sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/api/resource"
+	"sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/api/testutils/resmaptest"
+	"sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/api/types"
+)
+
+func makeResAccumulator(t *testing.T) (*ResAccumulator, *resource.Factory) {
+	ra := MakeEmptyAccumulator()
+	err := ra.MergeConfig(builtinconfig.MakeDefaultConfig())
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("unexpected err: %v", err)
+	}
+	rf := resource.NewFactory(
+		kunstruct.NewKunstructuredFactoryImpl())
+	err = ra.AppendAll(
+		resmaptest_test.NewRmBuilder(t, rf).
+			Add(map[string]interface{}{
+				"apiVersion": "apps/v1",
+				"kind":       "Deployment",
+				"metadata": map[string]interface{}{
+					"name": "deploy1",
+				},
+				"spec": map[string]interface{}{
+					"template": map[string]interface{}{
+						"spec": map[string]interface{}{
+							"containers": []interface{}{
+								map[string]interface{}{
+									"command": []interface{}{
+										"myserver",
+										"--somebackendService $(SERVICE_ONE)",
+										"--yetAnother $(SERVICE_TWO)",
+									},
+								},
+							},
+						},
+					},
+				}}).
+			Add(map[string]interface{}{
+				"apiVersion": "v1",
+				"kind":       "Service",
+				"metadata": map[string]interface{}{
+					"name": "backendOne",
+				}}).
+			Add(map[string]interface{}{
+				"apiVersion": "v1",
+				"kind":       "Service",
+				"metadata": map[string]interface{}{
+					"name": "backendTwo",
+				}}).ResMap())
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("unexpected err: %v", err)
+	}
+	return ra, rf
+}
+
+func TestResolveVarsHappy(t *testing.T) {
+	ra, _ := makeResAccumulator(t)
+	err := ra.MergeVars([]types.Var{
+		{
+			Name: "SERVICE_ONE",
+			ObjRef: types.Target{
+				Gvk:  resid.Gvk{Version: "v1", Kind: "Service"},
+				Name: "backendOne"},
+		},
+		{
+			Name: "SERVICE_TWO",
+			ObjRef: types.Target{
+				Gvk:  resid.Gvk{Version: "v1", Kind: "Service"},
+				Name: "backendTwo"},
+		},
+	})
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("unexpected err: %v", err)
+	}
+	err = ra.ResolveVars()
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("unexpected err: %v", err)
+	}
+	c := getCommand(find("deploy1", ra.ResMap()))
+	if c != "myserver --somebackendService backendOne --yetAnother backendTwo" {
+		t.Fatalf("unexpected command: %s", c)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestResolveVarsOneUnused(t *testing.T) {
+	ra, _ := makeResAccumulator(t)
+	err := ra.MergeVars([]types.Var{
+		{
+			Name: "SERVICE_ONE",
+			ObjRef: types.Target{
+				Gvk:  resid.Gvk{Version: "v1", Kind: "Service"},
+				Name: "backendOne"},
+		},
+		{
+			Name: "SERVICE_UNUSED",
+			ObjRef: types.Target{
+				Gvk:  resid.Gvk{Version: "v1", Kind: "Service"},
+				Name: "backendTwo"},
+		},
+	})
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("unexpected err: %v", err)
+	}
+	var buf bytes.Buffer
+	log.SetOutput(&buf)
+	defer func() {
+		log.SetOutput(os.Stderr)
+	}()
+	err = ra.ResolveVars()
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("unexpected err: %v", err)
+	}
+	expectLog(t, buf, "well-defined vars that were never replaced: SERVICE_UNUSED")
+	c := getCommand(find("deploy1", ra.ResMap()))
+	if c != "myserver --somebackendService backendOne --yetAnother $(SERVICE_TWO)" {
+		t.Fatalf("unexpected command: %s", c)
+	}
+}
+
+func expectLog(t *testing.T, log bytes.Buffer, expect string) {
+	if !strings.Contains(log.String(), expect) {
+		t.Fatalf("expected log containing '%s', got '%s'", expect, log.String())
+	}
+}
+
+func TestResolveVarsVarNeedsDisambiguation(t *testing.T) {
+	ra, rf := makeResAccumulator(t)
+
+	rm0 := resmap.New()
+	err := rm0.Append(
+		rf.FromMap(
+			map[string]interface{}{
+				"apiVersion": "v1",
+				"kind":       "Service",
+				"metadata": map[string]interface{}{
+					"name":      "backendOne",
+					"namespace": "fooNamespace",
+				},
+			}))
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("unexpected err: %v", err)
+	}
+	err = ra.AppendAll(rm0)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("unexpected err: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	err = ra.MergeVars([]types.Var{
+		{
+			Name: "SERVICE_ONE",
+			ObjRef: types.Target{
+				Gvk:  resid.Gvk{Version: "v1", Kind: "Service"},
+				Name: "backendOne",
+			},
+		},
+	})
+	if err == nil {
+		t.Fatalf("expected error")
+	}
+	if !strings.Contains(
+		err.Error(), "unable to disambiguate") {
+		t.Fatalf("unexpected err: %v", err)
+	}
+}
+
+func makeNamespacedConfigMapWithDataProviderValue(
+	namespace string,
+	value string,
+) map[string]interface{} {
+	return map[string]interface{}{
+		"apiVersion": "v1",
+		"kind":       "ConfigMap",
+		"metadata": map[string]interface{}{
+			"name":      "environment",
+			"namespace": namespace,
+		},
+		"data": map[string]interface{}{
+			"provider": value,
+		},
+	}
+}
+
+func makeVarToNamepaceAndPath(
+	name string,
+	namespace string,
+	path string,
+) types.Var {
+	return types.Var{
+		Name: name,
+		ObjRef: types.Target{
+			Gvk:       resid.Gvk{Version: "v1", Kind: "ConfigMap"},
+			Name:      "environment",
+			Namespace: namespace,
+		},
+		FieldRef: types.FieldSelector{FieldPath: path},
+	}
+}
+
+func TestResolveVarConflicts(t *testing.T) {
+	rf := resource.NewFactory(kunstruct.NewKunstructuredFactoryImpl())
+
+	// create configmaps in foo and bar namespaces with `data.provider` values.
+	fooAws := makeNamespacedConfigMapWithDataProviderValue("foo", "aws")
+	barAws := makeNamespacedConfigMapWithDataProviderValue("bar", "aws")
+	barGcp := makeNamespacedConfigMapWithDataProviderValue("bar", "gcp")
+
+	// create two variables with (apparently) conflicting names that point to
+	// fieldpaths that could be generalized.
+	varFoo := makeVarToNamepaceAndPath("PROVIDER", "foo", "data.provider")
+	varBar := makeVarToNamepaceAndPath("PROVIDER", "bar", "data.provider")
+
+	// create accumulators holding apparently conflicting vars that are not
+	// actually in conflict because they point to the same concrete value.
+	rm0 := resmap.New()
+	rm0.Append(rf.FromMap(fooAws))
+	ac0 := MakeEmptyAccumulator()
+	ac0.AppendAll(rm0)
+	ac0.MergeVars([]types.Var{varFoo})
+
+	rm1 := resmap.New()
+	rm1.Append(rf.FromMap(barAws))
+	ac1 := MakeEmptyAccumulator()
+	ac1.AppendAll(rm1)
+	ac1.MergeVars([]types.Var{varBar})
+
+	// validate that two vars of the same name which reference the same concrete
+	// value do not produce a conflict.
+	err := ac0.MergeAccumulator(ac1)
+	if err == nil {
+		t.Fatalf("see bug gh-1600")
+	}
+
+	// create an accumulator will have an actually conflicting value with the
+	// two above (because it contains a variable whose name is used in the other
+	// accumulators AND whose concrete values are different).
+	rm2 := resmap.New()
+	rm2.Append(rf.FromMap(barGcp))
+	ac2 := MakeEmptyAccumulator()
+	ac2.AppendAll(rm2)
+	ac2.MergeVars([]types.Var{varBar})
+	err = ac1.MergeAccumulator(ac2)
+	if err == nil {
+		t.Fatalf("dupe vars w/ different concrete values should conflict")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestResolveVarsGoodResIdBadField(t *testing.T) {
+	ra, _ := makeResAccumulator(t)
+	err := ra.MergeVars([]types.Var{
+		{
+			Name: "SERVICE_ONE",
+			ObjRef: types.Target{
+				Gvk:  resid.Gvk{Version: "v1", Kind: "Service"},
+				Name: "backendOne"},
+			FieldRef: types.FieldSelector{FieldPath: "nope_nope_nope"},
+		},
+	})
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("unexpected err: %v", err)
+	}
+	err = ra.ResolveVars()
+	if err == nil {
+		t.Fatalf("expected error")
+	}
+	if !strings.Contains(
+		err.Error(),
+		"not found in corresponding resource") {
+		t.Fatalf("unexpected err: %v", err)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestResolveVarsUnmappableVar(t *testing.T) {
+	ra, _ := makeResAccumulator(t)
+	err := ra.MergeVars([]types.Var{
+		{
+			Name: "SERVICE_THREE",
+			ObjRef: types.Target{
+				Gvk:  resid.Gvk{Version: "v1", Kind: "Service"},
+				Name: "doesNotExist"},
+		},
+	})
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("unexpected err: %v", err)
+	}
+	err = ra.ResolveVars()
+	if err == nil {
+		t.Fatalf("expected error")
+	}
+	if !strings.Contains(
+		err.Error(),
+		"cannot be mapped to a field in the set of known resources") {
+		t.Fatalf("unexpected err: %v", err)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestResolveVarsWithNoambiguation(t *testing.T) {
+	ra1, rf := makeResAccumulator(t)
+	err := ra1.MergeVars([]types.Var{
+		{
+			Name: "SERVICE_ONE",
+			ObjRef: types.Target{
+				Gvk:  resid.Gvk{Version: "v1", Kind: "Service"},
+				Name: "backendOne",
+			},
+		},
+	})
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("unexpected err: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	// Create another accumulator having a resource with different prefix
+	ra2 := MakeEmptyAccumulator()
+
+	m := resmaptest_test.NewRmBuilder(t, rf).
+		Add(map[string]interface{}{
+			"apiVersion": "apps/v1",
+			"kind":       "Deployment",
+			"metadata": map[string]interface{}{
+				"name": "deploy2",
+			},
+			"spec": map[string]interface{}{
+				"template": map[string]interface{}{
+					"spec": map[string]interface{}{
+						"containers": []interface{}{
+							map[string]interface{}{
+								"command": []interface{}{
+									"myserver",
+									"--somebackendService $(SUB_SERVICE_ONE)",
+								},
+							},
+						},
+					},
+				},
+			}}).
+		Add(map[string]interface{}{
+			"apiVersion": "v1",
+			"kind":       "Service",
+			"metadata": map[string]interface{}{
+				"name": "backendOne",
+			}}).ResMap()
+
+	// Make it seem like this resource
+	// went through a prefix transformer.
+	r := m.GetByIndex(1)
+	r.AddNamePrefix("sub-")
+	r.SetName("sub-backendOne") // original name remains "backendOne"
+
+	err = ra2.AppendAll(m)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("unexpected err: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	err = ra2.MergeVars([]types.Var{
+		{
+			Name: "SUB_SERVICE_ONE",
+			ObjRef: types.Target{
+				Gvk:  resid.Gvk{Version: "v1", Kind: "Service"},
+				Name: "backendOne",
+			},
+		},
+	})
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("unexpected err: %v", err)
+	}
+	err = ra1.MergeAccumulator(ra2)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("unexpected err: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	err = ra1.ResolveVars()
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("unexpected err: %v", err)
+	}
+}
+
+func find(name string, resMap resmap.ResMap) *resource.Resource {
+	for _, r := range resMap.Resources() {
+		if r.GetName() == name {
+			return r
+		}
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+// Assumes arg is a deployment, returns the command of first container.
+func getCommand(r *resource.Resource) string {
+	var m map[string]interface{}
+	var c []interface{}
+	m, _ = r.Map()["spec"].(map[string]interface{})
+	m, _ = m["template"].(map[string]interface{})
+	m, _ = m["spec"].(map[string]interface{})
+	c, _ = m["containers"].([]interface{})
+	m, _ = c[0].(map[string]interface{})
+
+	cmd, _ := m["command"].([]interface{})
+	n := make([]string, len(cmd))
+	for i, v := range cmd {
+		n[i] = v.(string)
+	}
+	return strings.Join(n, " ")
+}

api/internal/git/cloner.go

@@ -0,0 +1,121 @@
+// Copyright 2019 The Kubernetes Authors.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+
+package git
+
+import (
+	"bytes"
+	"log"
+	"os/exec"
+
+	"github.com/pkg/errors"
+	"sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/api/filesys"
+)
+
+// Cloner is a function that can clone a git repo.
+type Cloner func(repoSpec *RepoSpec) error
+
+// ClonerUsingGitExec uses a local git install, as opposed
+// to say, some remote API, to obtain a local clone of
+// a remote repo.
+func ClonerUsingGitExec(repoSpec *RepoSpec) error {
+	gitProgram, err := exec.LookPath("git")
+	if err != nil {
+		return errors.Wrap(err, "no 'git' program on path")
+	}
+	repoSpec.Dir, err = filesys.NewTmpConfirmedDir()
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	cmd := exec.Command(
+		gitProgram,
+		"init",
+		repoSpec.Dir.String())
+	var out bytes.Buffer
+	cmd.Stdout = &out
+	cmd.Stderr = &out
+	err = cmd.Run()
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Printf("Error initializing empty git repo: %s", out.String())
+		return errors.Wrapf(
+			err,
+			"trouble initializing empty git repo in %s",
+			repoSpec.Dir.String())
+	}
+
+	cmd = exec.Command(
+		gitProgram,
+		"remote",
+		"add",
+		"origin",
+		repoSpec.CloneSpec())
+	cmd.Stdout = &out
+	cmd.Stderr = &out
+	cmd.Dir = repoSpec.Dir.String()
+	err = cmd.Run()
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Printf("Error setting git remote: %s", out.String())
+		return errors.Wrapf(
+			err,
+			"trouble adding remote %s",
+			repoSpec.CloneSpec())
+	}
+	if repoSpec.Ref == "" {
+		repoSpec.Ref = "master"
+	}
+	cmd = exec.Command(
+		gitProgram,
+		"fetch",
+		"--depth=1",
+		"origin",
+		repoSpec.Ref)
+	cmd.Stdout = &out
+	cmd.Stderr = &out
+	cmd.Dir = repoSpec.Dir.String()
+	err = cmd.Run()
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Printf("Error performing git fetch: %s", out.String())
+		return errors.Wrapf(err, "trouble fetching %s", repoSpec.Ref)
+	}
+
+	cmd = exec.Command(
+		gitProgram,
+		"reset",
+		"--hard",
+		"FETCH_HEAD")
+	cmd.Stdout = &out
+	cmd.Stderr = &out
+	cmd.Dir = repoSpec.Dir.String()
+	err = cmd.Run()
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Printf("Error performing git reset: %s", out.String())
+		return errors.Wrapf(
+			err, "trouble hard resetting empty repository to %s", repoSpec.Ref)
+	}
+
+	cmd = exec.Command(
+		gitProgram,
+		"submodule",
+		"update",
+		"--init",
+		"--recursive")
+	cmd.Stdout = &out
+	cmd.Dir = repoSpec.Dir.String()
+	err = cmd.Run()
+	if err != nil {
+		return errors.Wrapf(err, "trouble fetching submodules for %s", repoSpec.Ref)
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+// DoNothingCloner returns a cloner that only sets
+// cloneDir field in the repoSpec.  It's assumed that
+// the cloneDir is associated with some fake filesystem
+// used in a test.
+func DoNothingCloner(dir filesys.ConfirmedDir) Cloner {
+	return func(rs *RepoSpec) error {
+		rs.Dir = dir
+		return nil
+	}
+}

api/internal/git/repospec.go

@@ -0,0 +1,219 @@
+// Copyright 2019 The Kubernetes Authors.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+
+package git
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"path/filepath"
+	"regexp"
+	"strings"
+
+	"sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/api/filesys"
+)
+
+// Used as a temporary non-empty occupant of the cloneDir
+// field, as something distinguishable from the empty string
+// in various outputs (especially tests). Not using an
+// actual directory name here, as that's a temporary directory
+// with a unique name that isn't created until clone time.
+const notCloned = filesys.ConfirmedDir("/notCloned")
+
+// RepoSpec specifies a git repository and a branch and path therein.
+type RepoSpec struct {
+	// Raw, original spec, used to look for cycles.
+	// TODO(monopole): Drop raw, use processed fields instead.
+	raw string
+
+	// Host, e.g. github.com
+	Host string
+
+	// orgRepo name (organization/repoName),
+	// e.g. kubernetes-sigs/kustomize
+	OrgRepo string
+
+	// Dir where the orgRepo is cloned to.
+	Dir filesys.ConfirmedDir
+
+	// Relative path in the repository, and in the cloneDir,
+	// to a Kustomization.
+	Path string
+
+	// Branch or tag reference.
+	Ref string
+
+	// e.g. .git or empty in case of _git is present
+	GitSuffix string
+}
+
+// CloneSpec returns a string suitable for "git clone {spec}".
+func (x *RepoSpec) CloneSpec() string {
+	if isAzureHost(x.Host) || isAWSHost(x.Host) {
+		return x.Host + x.OrgRepo
+	}
+	return x.Host + x.OrgRepo + x.GitSuffix
+}
+
+func (x *RepoSpec) CloneDir() filesys.ConfirmedDir {
+	return x.Dir
+}
+
+func (x *RepoSpec) Raw() string {
+	return x.raw
+}
+
+func (x *RepoSpec) AbsPath() string {
+	return x.Dir.Join(x.Path)
+}
+
+func (x *RepoSpec) Cleaner(fSys filesys.FileSystem) func() error {
+	return func() error { return fSys.RemoveAll(x.Dir.String()) }
+}
+
+// From strings like git@github.com:someOrg/someRepo.git or
+// https://github.com/someOrg/someRepo?ref=someHash, extract
+// the parts.
+func NewRepoSpecFromUrl(n string) (*RepoSpec, error) {
+	if filepath.IsAbs(n) {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("uri looks like abs path: %s", n)
+	}
+	host, orgRepo, path, gitRef, gitSuffix := parseGitUrl(n)
+	if orgRepo == "" {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("url lacks orgRepo: %s", n)
+	}
+	if host == "" {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("url lacks host: %s", n)
+	}
+	return &RepoSpec{
+		raw: n, Host: host, OrgRepo: orgRepo,
+		Dir: notCloned, Path: path, Ref: gitRef, GitSuffix: gitSuffix}, nil
+}
+
+const (
+	refQuery      = "?ref="
+	refQueryRegex = "\\?(version|ref)="
+	gitSuffix     = ".git"
+	gitDelimiter  = "_git/"
+)
+
+// From strings like git@github.com:someOrg/someRepo.git or
+// https://github.com/someOrg/someRepo?ref=someHash, extract
+// the parts.
+func parseGitUrl(n string) (
+	host string, orgRepo string, path string, gitRef string, gitSuff string) {
+
+	if strings.Contains(n, gitDelimiter) {
+		index := strings.Index(n, gitDelimiter)
+		// Adding _git/ to host
+		host = normalizeGitHostSpec(n[:index+len(gitDelimiter)])
+		orgRepo = strings.Split(strings.Split(n[index+len(gitDelimiter):], "/")[0], "?")[0]
+		path, gitRef = peelQuery(n[index+len(gitDelimiter)+len(orgRepo):])
+		return
+	}
+	host, n = parseHostSpec(n)
+	gitSuff = gitSuffix
+	if strings.Contains(n, gitSuffix) {
+		index := strings.Index(n, gitSuffix)
+		orgRepo = n[0:index]
+		n = n[index+len(gitSuffix):]
+		path, gitRef = peelQuery(n)
+		return
+	}
+
+	i := strings.Index(n, "/")
+	if i < 1 {
+		return "", "", "", "", ""
+	}
+	j := strings.Index(n[i+1:], "/")
+	if j >= 0 {
+		j += i + 1
+		orgRepo = n[:j]
+		path, gitRef = peelQuery(n[j+1:])
+		return
+	}
+	path = ""
+	orgRepo, gitRef = peelQuery(n)
+	return host, orgRepo, path, gitRef, gitSuff
+}
+
+func peelQuery(arg string) (string, string) {
+
+	r, _ := regexp.Compile(refQueryRegex)
+	j := r.FindStringIndex(arg)
+
+	if len(j) > 0 {
+		return arg[:j[0]], arg[j[0]+len(r.FindString(arg)):]
+	}
+	return arg, ""
+}
+
+func parseHostSpec(n string) (string, string) {
+	var host string
+	// Start accumulating the host part.
+	for _, p := range []string{
+		// Order matters here.
+		"git::", "gh:", "ssh://", "https://", "http://",
+		"git@", "github.com:", "github.com/"} {
+		if len(p) < len(n) && strings.ToLower(n[:len(p)]) == p {
+			n = n[len(p):]
+			host += p
+		}
+	}
+	if host == "git@" {
+		i := strings.Index(n, "/")
+		if i > -1 {
+			host += n[:i+1]
+			n = n[i+1:]
+		} else {
+			i = strings.Index(n, ":")
+			if i > -1 {
+				host += n[:i+1]
+				n = n[i+1:]
+			}
+		}
+		return host, n
+	}
+
+	// If host is a http(s) or ssh URL, grab the domain part.
+	for _, p := range []string{
+		"ssh://", "https://", "http://"} {
+		if strings.HasSuffix(host, p) {
+			i := strings.Index(n, "/")
+			if i > -1 {
+				host = host + n[0:i+1]
+				n = n[i+1:]
+			}
+			break
+		}
+	}
+
+	return normalizeGitHostSpec(host), n
+}
+
+func normalizeGitHostSpec(host string) string {
+	s := strings.ToLower(host)
+	if strings.Contains(s, "github.com") {
+		if strings.Contains(s, "git@") || strings.Contains(s, "ssh:") {
+			host = "git@github.com:"
+		} else {
+			host = "https://github.com/"
+		}
+	}
+	if strings.HasPrefix(s, "git::") {
+		host = strings.TrimPrefix(s, "git::")
+	}
+	return host
+}
+
+// The format of Azure repo URL is documented
+// https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/devops/repos/git/clone?view=vsts&tabs=visual-studio#clone_url
+func isAzureHost(host string) bool {
+	return strings.Contains(host, "dev.azure.com") ||
+		strings.Contains(host, "visualstudio.com")
+}
+
+// The format of AWS repo URL is documented
+// https://docs.aws.amazon.com/codecommit/latest/userguide/regions.html
+func isAWSHost(host string) bool {
+	return strings.Contains(host, "amazonaws.com")
+}

api/internal/git/repospec_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,288 @@
+// Copyright 2019 The Kubernetes Authors.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+
+package git
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"path/filepath"
+	"strings"
+	"testing"
+)
+
+var orgRepos = []string{"someOrg/someRepo", "kubernetes/website"}
+
+var pathNames = []string{"README.md", "foo/krusty.txt", ""}
+
+var hrefArgs = []string{"someBranch", "master", "v0.1.0", ""}
+
+var hostNamesRawAndNormalized = [][]string{
+	{"gh:", "gh:"},
+	{"GH:", "gh:"},
+	{"gitHub.com/", "https://github.com/"},
+	{"github.com:", "https://github.com/"},
+	{"http://github.com/", "https://github.com/"},
+	{"https://github.com/", "https://github.com/"},
+	{"hTTps://github.com/", "https://github.com/"},
+	{"https://git-codecommit.us-east-2.amazonaws.com/", "https://git-codecommit.us-east-2.amazonaws.com/"},
+	{"https://fabrikops2.visualstudio.com/", "https://fabrikops2.visualstudio.com/"},
+	{"ssh://git.example.com:7999/", "ssh://git.example.com:7999/"},
+	{"git::https://gitlab.com/", "https://gitlab.com/"},
+	{"git::http://git.example.com/", "http://git.example.com/"},
+	{"git::https://git.example.com/", "https://git.example.com/"},
+	{"git@github.com:", "git@github.com:"},
+	{"git@github.com/", "git@github.com:"},
+	{"git@gitlab2.sqtools.ru:10022/", "git@gitlab2.sqtools.ru:10022/"},
+}
+
+func makeUrl(hostFmt, orgRepo, path, href string) string {
+	if len(path) > 0 {
+		orgRepo = filepath.Join(orgRepo, path)
+	}
+	url := hostFmt + orgRepo
+	if href != "" {
+		url += refQuery + href
+	}
+	return url
+}
+
+func TestNewRepoSpecFromUrl(t *testing.T) {
+	var bad [][]string
+	for _, tuple := range hostNamesRawAndNormalized {
+		hostRaw := tuple[0]
+		hostSpec := tuple[1]
+		for _, orgRepo := range orgRepos {
+			for _, pathName := range pathNames {
+				for _, hrefArg := range hrefArgs {
+					uri := makeUrl(hostRaw, orgRepo, pathName, hrefArg)
+					rs, err := NewRepoSpecFromUrl(uri)
+					if err != nil {
+						t.Errorf("problem %v", err)
+					}
+					if rs.Host != hostSpec {
+						bad = append(bad, []string{"host", uri, rs.Host, hostSpec})
+					}
+					if rs.OrgRepo != orgRepo {
+						bad = append(bad, []string{"orgRepo", uri, rs.OrgRepo, orgRepo})
+					}
+					if rs.Path != pathName {
+						bad = append(bad, []string{"path", uri, rs.Path, pathName})
+					}
+					if rs.Ref != hrefArg {
+						bad = append(bad, []string{"ref", uri, rs.Ref, hrefArg})
+					}
+				}
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	if len(bad) > 0 {
+		for _, tuple := range bad {
+			fmt.Printf("\n"+
+				"     from uri: %s\n"+
+				"  actual %4s: %s\n"+
+				"expected %4s: %s\n",
+				tuple[1], tuple[0], tuple[2], tuple[0], tuple[3])
+		}
+		t.Fail()
+	}
+}
+
+var badData = [][]string{
+	{"/tmp", "uri looks like abs path"},
+	{"iauhsdiuashduas", "url lacks orgRepo"},
+	{"htxxxtp://github.com/", "url lacks host"},
+	{"ssh://git.example.com", "url lacks orgRepo"},
+	{"git::___", "url lacks orgRepo"},
+}
+
+func TestNewRepoSpecFromUrlErrors(t *testing.T) {
+	for _, tuple := range badData {
+		_, err := NewRepoSpecFromUrl(tuple[0])
+		if err == nil {
+			t.Error("expected error")
+		}
+		if !strings.Contains(err.Error(), tuple[1]) {
+			t.Errorf("unexpected error: %s", err)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func TestNewRepoSpecFromUrl_CloneSpecs(t *testing.T) {
+	testcases := []struct {
+		input     string
+		cloneSpec string
+		absPath   string
+		ref       string
+	}{
+		{
+			input:     "https://git-codecommit.us-east-2.amazonaws.com/someorg/somerepo/somedir",
+			cloneSpec: "https://git-codecommit.us-east-2.amazonaws.com/someorg/somerepo",
+			absPath:   notCloned.Join("somedir"),
+			ref:       "",
+		},
+		{
+			input:     "https://git-codecommit.us-east-2.amazonaws.com/someorg/somerepo/somedir?ref=testbranch",
+			cloneSpec: "https://git-codecommit.us-east-2.amazonaws.com/someorg/somerepo",
+			absPath:   notCloned.Join("somedir"),
+			ref:       "testbranch",
+		},
+		{
+			input:     "https://fabrikops2.visualstudio.com/someorg/somerepo?ref=master",
+			cloneSpec: "https://fabrikops2.visualstudio.com/someorg/somerepo",
+			absPath:   notCloned.String(),
+			ref:       "master",
+		},
+		{
+			input:     "http://github.com/someorg/somerepo/somedir",
+			cloneSpec: "https://github.com/someorg/somerepo.git",
+			absPath:   notCloned.Join("somedir"),
+			ref:       "",
+		},
+		{
+			input:     "git@github.com:someorg/somerepo/somedir",
+			cloneSpec: "git@github.com:someorg/somerepo.git",
+			absPath:   notCloned.Join("somedir"),
+			ref:       "",
+		},
+		{
+			input:     "git@gitlab2.sqtools.ru:10022/infra/kubernetes/thanos-base.git?ref=v0.1.0",
+			cloneSpec: "git@gitlab2.sqtools.ru:10022/infra/kubernetes/thanos-base.git",
+			absPath:   notCloned.String(),
+			ref:       "v0.1.0",
+		},
+		{
+			input:     "git@bitbucket.org:company/project.git//path?ref=branch",
+			cloneSpec: "git@bitbucket.org:company/project.git",
+			absPath:   notCloned.Join("path"),
+			ref:       "branch",
+		},
+		{
+			input:     "https://itfs.mycompany.com/collection/project/_git/somerepos",
+			cloneSpec: "https://itfs.mycompany.com/collection/project/_git/somerepos",
+			absPath:   notCloned.String(),
+			ref:       "",
+		},
+		{
+			input:     "https://itfs.mycompany.com/collection/project/_git/somerepos?version=v1.0.0",
+			cloneSpec: "https://itfs.mycompany.com/collection/project/_git/somerepos",
+			absPath:   notCloned.String(),
+			ref:       "v1.0.0",
+		},
+		{
+			input:     "https://itfs.mycompany.com/collection/project/_git/somerepos/somedir?version=v1.0.0",
+			cloneSpec: "https://itfs.mycompany.com/collection/project/_git/somerepos",
+			absPath:   notCloned.Join("somedir"),
+			ref:       "v1.0.0",
+		},
+		{
+			input:     "git::https://itfs.mycompany.com/collection/project/_git/somerepos",
+			cloneSpec: "https://itfs.mycompany.com/collection/project/_git/somerepos",
+			absPath:   notCloned.String(),
+			ref:       "",
+		},
+	}
+	for _, testcase := range testcases {
+		rs, err := NewRepoSpecFromUrl(testcase.input)
+		if err != nil {
+			t.Errorf("Unexpected error: %v", err)
+		}
+		if rs.CloneSpec() != testcase.cloneSpec {
+			t.Errorf("CloneSpec expected to be %v, but got %v on %s",
+				testcase.cloneSpec, rs.CloneSpec(), testcase.input)
+		}
+		if rs.AbsPath() != testcase.absPath {
+			t.Errorf("AbsPath expected to be %v, but got %v on %s",
+				testcase.absPath, rs.AbsPath(), testcase.input)
+		}
+		if rs.Ref != testcase.ref {
+			t.Errorf("ref expected to be %v, but got %v on %s",
+				testcase.ref, rs.Ref, testcase.input)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func TestIsAzureHost(t *testing.T) {
+	testcases := []struct {
+		input  string
+		expect bool
+	}{
+		{
+			input:  "https://git-codecommit.us-east-2.amazonaws.com",
+			expect: false,
+		},
+		{
+			input:  "ssh://git-codecommit.us-east-2.amazonaws.com",
+			expect: false,
+		},
+		{
+			input:  "https://fabrikops2.visualstudio.com/",
+			expect: true,
+		},
+		{
+			input:  "https://dev.azure.com/myorg/myproject/",
+			expect: true,
+		},
+	}
+	for _, testcase := range testcases {
+		actual := isAzureHost(testcase.input)
+		if actual != testcase.expect {
+			t.Errorf("IsAzureHost: expected %v, but got %v on %s", testcase.expect, actual, testcase.input)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func TestPeelQuery(t *testing.T) {
+	testcases := []struct {
+		input  string
+		expect [2]string
+	}{
+		{
+			input:  "somerepos?ref=v1.0.0",
+			expect: [2]string{"somerepos", "v1.0.0"},
+		},
+		{
+			input:  "somerepos?version=master",
+			expect: [2]string{"somerepos", "master"},
+		},
+		{
+			input:  "somerepos",
+			expect: [2]string{"somerepos", ""},
+		},
+	}
+	for _, testcase := range testcases {
+		path, ref := peelQuery(testcase.input)
+		if path != testcase.expect[0] || ref != testcase.expect[1] {
+			t.Errorf("peelQuery: expected (%s, %s) got (%s, %s) on %s", testcase.expect[0], testcase.expect[1], path, ref, testcase.input)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func TestIsAWSHost(t *testing.T) {
+	testcases := []struct {
+		input  string
+		expect bool
+	}{
+		{
+			input:  "https://git-codecommit.us-east-2.amazonaws.com",
+			expect: true,
+		},
+		{
+			input:  "ssh://git-codecommit.us-east-2.amazonaws.com",
+			expect: true,
+		},
+		{
+			input:  "git@github.com:",
+			expect: false,
+		},
+		{
+			input:  "http://github.com/",
+			expect: false,
+		},
+	}
+	for _, testcase := range testcases {
+		actual := isAWSHost(testcase.input)
+		if actual != testcase.expect {
+			t.Errorf("IsAWSHost: expected %v, but got %v on %s", testcase.expect, actual, testcase.input)
+		}
+	}
+}

api/internal/k8sdeps/configmapandsecret/configmapfactory.go

@@ -0,0 +1,72 @@
+// Copyright 2019 The Kubernetes Authors.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+
+// Package configmapandsecret generates configmaps and secrets per generator rules.
+package configmapandsecret
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"unicode/utf8"
+
+	"github.com/pkg/errors"
+	"sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/api/types"
+	"sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/pseudo/k8s/api/core/v1"
+)
+
+func makeFreshConfigMap(
+	args *types.ConfigMapArgs) *v1.ConfigMap {
+	cm := &v1.ConfigMap{}
+	cm.APIVersion = "v1"
+	cm.Kind = "ConfigMap"
+	cm.Name = args.Name
+	cm.Namespace = args.Namespace
+	cm.Data = map[string]string{}
+	return cm
+}
+
+// MakeConfigMap returns a new ConfigMap, or nil and an error.
+func (f *Factory) MakeConfigMap(
+	args *types.ConfigMapArgs) (*v1.ConfigMap, error) {
+	all, err := f.kvLdr.Load(args.KvPairSources)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, errors.Wrap(err, "loading KV pairs")
+	}
+	cm := makeFreshConfigMap(args)
+	for _, p := range all {
+		err = f.addKvToConfigMap(cm, p)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, errors.Wrap(err, "trouble mapping")
+		}
+	}
+	if f.options != nil {
+		cm.SetLabels(f.options.Labels)
+		cm.SetAnnotations(f.options.Annotations)
+	}
+	return cm, nil
+}
+
+// addKvToConfigMap adds the given key and data to the given config map.
+// Error if key invalid, or already exists.
+func (f *Factory) addKvToConfigMap(configMap *v1.ConfigMap, p types.Pair) error {
+	if err := f.kvLdr.Validator().ErrIfInvalidKey(p.Key); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	// If the configmap data contains byte sequences that are all in the UTF-8
+	// range, we will write it to .Data
+	if utf8.Valid([]byte(p.Value)) {
+		if _, entryExists := configMap.Data[p.Key]; entryExists {
+			return fmt.Errorf(keyExistsErrorMsg, p.Key, configMap.Data)
+		}
+		configMap.Data[p.Key] = p.Value
+		return nil
+	}
+	// otherwise, it's BinaryData
+	if configMap.BinaryData == nil {
+		configMap.BinaryData = map[string][]byte{}
+	}
+	if _, entryExists := configMap.BinaryData[p.Key]; entryExists {
+		return fmt.Errorf(keyExistsErrorMsg, p.Key, configMap.BinaryData)
+	}
+	configMap.BinaryData[p.Key] = []byte(p.Value)
+	return nil
+}

api/internal/k8sdeps/configmapandsecret/configmapfactory_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,158 @@
+// Copyright 2019 The Kubernetes Authors.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+
+package configmapandsecret
+
+import (
+	"path/filepath"
+	"reflect"
+	"testing"
+
+	"sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/api/filesys"
+	"sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/api/kv"
+	"sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/api/loader"
+	"sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/api/testutils/valtest"
+	"sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/api/types"
+	corev1 "sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/pseudo/k8s/api/core/v1"
+	metav1 "sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/pseudo/k8s/apimachinery/pkg/apis/meta/v1"
+)
+
+func makeEnvConfigMap(name string) *corev1.ConfigMap {
+	return &corev1.ConfigMap{
+		TypeMeta: metav1.TypeMeta{
+			APIVersion: "v1",
+			Kind:       "ConfigMap",
+		},
+		ObjectMeta: metav1.ObjectMeta{
+			Name: name,
+		},
+		Data: map[string]string{
+			"DB_USERNAME": "admin",
+			"DB_PASSWORD": "somepw",
+		},
+	}
+}
+
+func makeFileConfigMap(name string) *corev1.ConfigMap {
+	return &corev1.ConfigMap{
+		TypeMeta: metav1.TypeMeta{
+			APIVersion: "v1",
+			Kind:       "ConfigMap",
+		},
+		ObjectMeta: metav1.ObjectMeta{
+			Name: name,
+		},
+		Data: map[string]string{
+			"app-init.ini": `FOO=bar
+BAR=baz
+`,
+		},
+		BinaryData: map[string][]byte{
+			"app.bin": {0xff, 0xfd},
+		},
+	}
+}
+
+func makeLiteralConfigMap(name string) *corev1.ConfigMap {
+	cm := &corev1.ConfigMap{
+		TypeMeta: metav1.TypeMeta{
+			APIVersion: "v1",
+			Kind:       "ConfigMap",
+		},
+		ObjectMeta: metav1.ObjectMeta{
+			Name: name,
+		},
+		Data: map[string]string{
+			"a": "x",
+			"b": "y",
+			"c": "Hello World",
+			"d": "true",
+		},
+	}
+	cm.SetLabels(map[string]string{"foo": "bar"})
+	return cm
+}
+
+func TestConstructConfigMap(t *testing.T) {
+	type testCase struct {
+		description string
+		input       types.ConfigMapArgs
+		options     *types.GeneratorOptions
+		expected    *corev1.ConfigMap
+	}
+
+	testCases := []testCase{
+		{
+			description: "construct config map from env",
+			input: types.ConfigMapArgs{
+				GeneratorArgs: types.GeneratorArgs{
+					Name: "envConfigMap",
+					KvPairSources: types.KvPairSources{
+						EnvSources: []string{
+							filepath.Join("configmap", "app.env"),
+						},
+					},
+				},
+			},
+			options:  nil,
+			expected: makeEnvConfigMap("envConfigMap"),
+		},
+		{
+			description: "construct config map from file",
+			input: types.ConfigMapArgs{
+				GeneratorArgs: types.GeneratorArgs{
+					Name: "fileConfigMap",
+					KvPairSources: types.KvPairSources{
+						FileSources: []string{
+							filepath.Join("configmap", "app-init.ini"),
+							filepath.Join("configmap", "app.bin"),
+						},
+					},
+				},
+			},
+			options:  nil,
+			expected: makeFileConfigMap("fileConfigMap"),
+		},
+		{
+			description: "construct config map from literal",
+			input: types.ConfigMapArgs{
+				GeneratorArgs: types.GeneratorArgs{
+					Name: "literalConfigMap",
+					KvPairSources: types.KvPairSources{
+						LiteralSources: []string{"a=x", "b=y", "c=\"Hello World\"", "d='true'"},
+					},
+				},
+			},
+			options: &types.GeneratorOptions{
+				Labels: map[string]string{
+					"foo": "bar",
+				},
+			},
+			expected: makeLiteralConfigMap("literalConfigMap"),
+		},
+	}
+
+	fSys := filesys.MakeFsInMemory()
+	fSys.WriteFile(
+		filesys.RootedPath("configmap", "app.env"),
+		[]byte("DB_USERNAME=admin\nDB_PASSWORD=somepw\n"))
+	fSys.WriteFile(
+		filesys.RootedPath("configmap", "app-init.ini"),
+		[]byte("FOO=bar\nBAR=baz\n"))
+	fSys.WriteFile(
+		filesys.RootedPath("configmap", "app.bin"),
+		[]byte{0xff, 0xfd})
+	kvLdr := kv.NewLoader(
+		loader.NewFileLoaderAtRoot(fSys),
+		valtest_test.MakeFakeValidator())
+	for _, tc := range testCases {
+		f := NewFactory(kvLdr, tc.options)
+		cm, err := f.MakeConfigMap(&tc.input)
+		if err != nil {
+			t.Fatalf("unexpected error: %v", err)
+		}
+		if !reflect.DeepEqual(*cm, *tc.expected) {
+			t.Fatalf("in testcase: %q updated:\n%#v\ndoesn't match expected:\n%#v\n", tc.description, *cm, tc.expected)
+		}
+	}
+}

api/internal/k8sdeps/configmapandsecret/factory.go

@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+// Copyright 2019 The Kubernetes Authors.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+
+package configmapandsecret
+
+import (
+	"sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/api/ifc"
+	"sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/api/types"
+)
+
+// Factory makes ConfigMaps and Secrets.
+type Factory struct {
+	kvLdr   ifc.KvLoader
+	options *types.GeneratorOptions
+}
+
+// NewFactory returns a new factory that makes ConfigMaps and Secrets.
+func NewFactory(
+	kvLdr ifc.KvLoader, o *types.GeneratorOptions) *Factory {
+	return &Factory{kvLdr: kvLdr, options: o}
+}
+
+const keyExistsErrorMsg = "cannot add key %s, another key by that name already exists: %v"

api/internal/k8sdeps/configmapandsecret/secretfactory.go

@@ -0,0 +1,58 @@
+// Copyright 2019 The Kubernetes Authors.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+
+package configmapandsecret
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+
+	"sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/api/types"
+	corev1 "sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/pseudo/k8s/api/core/v1"
+)
+
+func makeFreshSecret(
+	args *types.SecretArgs) *corev1.Secret {
+	s := &corev1.Secret{}
+	s.APIVersion = "v1"
+	s.Kind = "Secret"
+	s.Name = args.Name
+	s.Namespace = args.Namespace
+	s.Type = corev1.SecretType(args.Type)
+	if s.Type == "" {
+		s.Type = corev1.SecretTypeOpaque
+	}
+	s.Data = map[string][]byte{}
+	return s
+}
+
+// MakeSecret returns a new secret.
+func (f *Factory) MakeSecret(
+	args *types.SecretArgs) (*corev1.Secret, error) {
+	all, err := f.kvLdr.Load(args.KvPairSources)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	s := makeFreshSecret(args)
+	for _, p := range all {
+		err = f.addKvToSecret(s, p.Key, p.Value)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+	}
+	if f.options != nil {
+		s.SetLabels(f.options.Labels)
+		s.SetAnnotations(f.options.Annotations)
+	}
+	return s, nil
+}
+
+func (f *Factory) addKvToSecret(secret *corev1.Secret, keyName, data string) error {
+	if err := f.kvLdr.Validator().ErrIfInvalidKey(keyName); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	if _, entryExists := secret.Data[keyName]; entryExists {
+		return fmt.Errorf(keyExistsErrorMsg, keyName, secret.Data)
+	}
+	secret.Data[keyName] = []byte(data)
+	return nil
+}

api/internal/k8sdeps/configmapandsecret/secretfactory_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,143 @@
+// Copyright 2019 The Kubernetes Authors.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+
+package configmapandsecret
+
+import (
+	"reflect"
+	"testing"
+
+	"sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/api/filesys"
+	"sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/api/kv"
+	"sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/api/loader"
+	"sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/api/testutils/valtest"
+	"sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/api/types"
+	corev1 "sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/pseudo/k8s/api/core/v1"
+	metav1 "sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/pseudo/k8s/apimachinery/pkg/apis/meta/v1"
+)
+
+func makeEnvSecret(name string) *corev1.Secret {
+	return &corev1.Secret{
+		TypeMeta: metav1.TypeMeta{
+			APIVersion: "v1",
+			Kind:       "Secret",
+		},
+		ObjectMeta: metav1.ObjectMeta{
+			Name: name,
+		},
+		Data: map[string][]byte{
+			"DB_PASSWORD": []byte("somepw"),
+			"DB_USERNAME": []byte("admin"),
+		},
+		Type: "Opaque",
+	}
+}
+
+func makeFileSecret(name string) *corev1.Secret {
+	return &corev1.Secret{
+		TypeMeta: metav1.TypeMeta{
+			APIVersion: "v1",
+			Kind:       "Secret",
+		},
+		ObjectMeta: metav1.ObjectMeta{
+			Name: name,
+		},
+		Data: map[string][]byte{
+			"app-init.ini": []byte(`FOO=bar
+BAR=baz
+`),
+		},
+		Type: "Opaque",
+	}
+}
+
+func makeLiteralSecret(name string) *corev1.Secret {
+	s := &corev1.Secret{
+		TypeMeta: metav1.TypeMeta{
+			APIVersion: "v1",
+			Kind:       "Secret",
+		},
+		ObjectMeta: metav1.ObjectMeta{
+			Name: name,
+		},
+		Data: map[string][]byte{
+			"a": []byte("x"),
+			"b": []byte("y"),
+		},
+		Type: "Opaque",
+	}
+	s.SetLabels(map[string]string{"foo": "bar"})
+	return s
+}
+
+func TestConstructSecret(t *testing.T) {
+	type testCase struct {
+		description string
+		input       types.SecretArgs
+		options     *types.GeneratorOptions
+		expected    *corev1.Secret
+	}
+
+	testCases := []testCase{
+		{
+			description: "construct secret from env",
+			input: types.SecretArgs{
+				GeneratorArgs: types.GeneratorArgs{
+					Name: "envSecret",
+					KvPairSources: types.KvPairSources{
+						EnvSources: []string{"secret/app.env"},
+					},
+				},
+			},
+			options:  nil,
+			expected: makeEnvSecret("envSecret"),
+		},
+		{
+			description: "construct secret from file",
+			input: types.SecretArgs{
+				GeneratorArgs: types.GeneratorArgs{
+					Name: "fileSecret",
+					KvPairSources: types.KvPairSources{
+						FileSources: []string{"secret/app-init.ini"},
+					},
+				},
+			},
+			options:  nil,
+			expected: makeFileSecret("fileSecret"),
+		},
+		{
+			description: "construct secret from literal",
+			input: types.SecretArgs{
+				GeneratorArgs: types.GeneratorArgs{
+					Name: "literalSecret",
+					KvPairSources: types.KvPairSources{
+						LiteralSources: []string{"a=x", "b=y"},
+					},
+				},
+			},
+			options: &types.GeneratorOptions{
+				Labels: map[string]string{
+					"foo": "bar",
+				},
+			},
+			expected: makeLiteralSecret("literalSecret"),
+		},
+	}
+
+	fSys := filesys.MakeFsInMemory()
+	fSys.WriteFile("/secret/app.env", []byte("DB_USERNAME=admin\nDB_PASSWORD=somepw\n"))
+	fSys.WriteFile("/secret/app-init.ini", []byte("FOO=bar\nBAR=baz\n"))
+	kvLdr := kv.NewLoader(
+		loader.NewFileLoaderAtRoot(fSys),
+		valtest_test.MakeFakeValidator())
+	for _, tc := range testCases {
+		f := NewFactory(kvLdr, tc.options)
+		cm, err := f.MakeSecret(&tc.input)
+		if err != nil {
+			t.Fatalf("unexpected error: %v", err)
+		}
+		if !reflect.DeepEqual(*cm, *tc.expected) {
+			t.Fatalf("in testcase: %q updated:\n%#v\ndoesn't match expected:\n%#v\n", tc.description, *cm, tc.expected)
+		}
+	}
+}

api/internal/k8sdeps/transformer/factory.go

@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+// Copyright 2019 The Kubernetes Authors.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+
+// Package transformer provides transformer factory
+package transformer
+
+import (
+	"sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/api/internal/k8sdeps/transformer/patch"
+	"sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/api/resmap"
+	"sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/api/resource"
+)
+
+// FactoryImpl makes patch transformer and name hash transformer
+type FactoryImpl struct{}
+
+// NewFactoryImpl makes a new factoryImpl instance
+func NewFactoryImpl() *FactoryImpl {
+	return &FactoryImpl{}
+}
+
+func (p *FactoryImpl) MergePatches(patches []*resource.Resource,
+	rf *resource.Factory) (
+	resmap.ResMap, error) {
+	return patch.MergePatches(patches, rf)
+}

api/internal/k8sdeps/transformer/patch/conflictdetector.go

@@ -0,0 +1,221 @@
+// Copyright 2019 The Kubernetes Authors.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+
+package patch
+
+import (
+	"encoding/json"
+	"fmt"
+
+	jsonpatch "github.com/evanphx/json-patch"
+	"sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/api/resid"
+	"sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/api/resmap"
+	"sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/api/resource"
+	"sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/pseudo/k8s/apimachinery/pkg/runtime"
+	"sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/pseudo/k8s/apimachinery/pkg/runtime/schema"
+	"sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/pseudo/k8s/apimachinery/pkg/util/mergepatch"
+	"sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/pseudo/k8s/apimachinery/pkg/util/strategicpatch"
+	"sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/pseudo/k8s/client-go/kubernetes/scheme"
+)
+
+type conflictDetector interface {
+	hasConflict(patch1, patch2 *resource.Resource) (bool, error)
+	findConflict(conflictingPatchIdx int, patches []*resource.Resource) (*resource.Resource, error)
+	mergePatches(patch1, patch2 *resource.Resource) (*resource.Resource, error)
+}
+
+type jsonMergePatch struct {
+	rf *resource.Factory
+}
+
+var _ conflictDetector = &jsonMergePatch{}
+
+func newJMPConflictDetector(rf *resource.Factory) conflictDetector {
+	return &jsonMergePatch{rf: rf}
+}
+
+func (jmp *jsonMergePatch) hasConflict(
+	patch1, patch2 *resource.Resource) (bool, error) {
+	return mergepatch.HasConflicts(patch1.Map(), patch2.Map())
+}
+
+func (jmp *jsonMergePatch) findConflict(
+	conflictingPatchIdx int, patches []*resource.Resource) (*resource.Resource, error) {
+	for i, patch := range patches {
+		if i == conflictingPatchIdx {
+			continue
+		}
+		if !patches[conflictingPatchIdx].OrgId().Equals(patch.OrgId()) {
+			continue
+		}
+		conflict, err := mergepatch.HasConflicts(
+			patch.Map(),
+			patches[conflictingPatchIdx].Map())
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		if conflict {
+			return patch, nil
+		}
+	}
+	return nil, nil
+}
+
+func (jmp *jsonMergePatch) mergePatches(
+	patch1, patch2 *resource.Resource) (*resource.Resource, error) {
+	baseBytes, err := json.Marshal(patch1.Map())
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	patchBytes, err := json.Marshal(patch2.Map())
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	mergedBytes, err := jsonpatch.MergeMergePatches(baseBytes, patchBytes)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	mergedMap := make(map[string]interface{})
+	err = json.Unmarshal(mergedBytes, &mergedMap)
+	return jmp.rf.FromMap(mergedMap), err
+}
+
+type strategicMergePatch struct {
+	lookupPatchMeta strategicpatch.LookupPatchMeta
+	rf              *resource.Factory
+}
+
+var _ conflictDetector = &strategicMergePatch{}
+
+func newSMPConflictDetector(
+	versionedObj runtime.Object,
+	rf *resource.Factory) (conflictDetector, error) {
+	lookupPatchMeta, err := strategicpatch.NewPatchMetaFromStruct(versionedObj)
+	return &strategicMergePatch{lookupPatchMeta: lookupPatchMeta, rf: rf}, err
+}
+
+func (smp *strategicMergePatch) hasConflict(p1, p2 *resource.Resource) (bool, error) {
+	return strategicpatch.MergingMapsHaveConflicts(
+		p1.Map(), p2.Map(), smp.lookupPatchMeta)
+}
+
+func (smp *strategicMergePatch) findConflict(
+	conflictingPatchIdx int, patches []*resource.Resource) (*resource.Resource, error) {
+	for i, patch := range patches {
+		if i == conflictingPatchIdx {
+			continue
+		}
+		if !patches[conflictingPatchIdx].OrgId().Equals(patch.OrgId()) {
+			continue
+		}
+		conflict, err := strategicpatch.MergingMapsHaveConflicts(
+			patch.Map(),
+			patches[conflictingPatchIdx].Map(),
+			smp.lookupPatchMeta)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		if conflict {
+			return patch, nil
+		}
+	}
+	return nil, nil
+}
+
+func (smp *strategicMergePatch) mergePatches(patch1, patch2 *resource.Resource) (*resource.Resource, error) {
+	if hasDeleteDirectiveMarker(patch2.Map()) {
+		if hasDeleteDirectiveMarker(patch1.Map()) {
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("cannot merge patches both containing '$patch: delete' directives")
+		}
+		patch1, patch2 = patch2, patch1
+	}
+	mergeJSONMap, err := strategicpatch.MergeStrategicMergeMapPatchUsingLookupPatchMeta(
+		smp.lookupPatchMeta, patch1.Map(), patch2.Map())
+	return smp.rf.FromMap(mergeJSONMap), err
+}
+
+// MergePatches merge and index patches by OrgId.
+// It errors out if there is conflict between patches.
+func MergePatches(patches []*resource.Resource,
+	rf *resource.Factory) (resmap.ResMap, error) {
+	rc := resmap.New()
+	for ix, patch := range patches {
+		id := patch.OrgId()
+		existing := rc.GetMatchingResourcesByOriginalId(id.Equals)
+		if len(existing) == 0 {
+			rc.Append(patch)
+			continue
+		}
+		if len(existing) > 1 {
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("self conflict in patches")
+		}
+
+		versionedObj, err := scheme.Scheme.New(toSchemaGvk(id.Gvk))
+		if err != nil && !runtime.IsNotRegisteredError(err) {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		var cd conflictDetector
+		if err != nil {
+			cd = newJMPConflictDetector(rf)
+		} else {
+			cd, err = newSMPConflictDetector(versionedObj, rf)
+			if err != nil {
+				return nil, err
+			}
+		}
+
+		conflict, err := cd.hasConflict(existing[0], patch)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		if conflict {
+			conflictingPatch, err := cd.findConflict(ix, patches)
+			if err != nil {
+				return nil, err
+			}
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf(
+				"conflict between %#v and %#v",
+				conflictingPatch.Map(), patch.Map())
+		}
+		merged, err := cd.mergePatches(existing[0], patch)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		rc.Replace(merged)
+	}
+	return rc, nil
+}
+
+// toSchemaGvk converts to a schema.GroupVersionKind.
+func toSchemaGvk(x resid.Gvk) schema.GroupVersionKind {
+	return schema.GroupVersionKind{
+		Group:   x.Group,
+		Version: x.Version,
+		Kind:    x.Kind,
+	}
+}
+
+func hasDeleteDirectiveMarker(patch map[string]interface{}) bool {
+	if v, ok := patch["$patch"]; ok && v == "delete" {
+		return true
+	}
+	for _, v := range patch {
+		switch typedV := v.(type) {
+		case map[string]interface{}:
+			if hasDeleteDirectiveMarker(typedV) {
+				return true
+			}
+		case []interface{}:
+			for _, sv := range typedV {
+				typedE, ok := sv.(map[string]interface{})
+				if !ok {
+					break
+				}
+				if hasDeleteDirectiveMarker(typedE) {
+					return true
+				}
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	return false
+}

api/internal/kusterr/yamlformaterror.go

@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+// Copyright 2019 The Kubernetes Authors.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+
+// Package error has contextual error types.
+package kusterr
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"strings"
+)
+
+// YamlFormatError represents error with yaml file name where json/yaml format error happens.
+type YamlFormatError struct {
+	Path     string
+	ErrorMsg string
+}
+
+func (e YamlFormatError) Error() string {
+	return fmt.Sprintf("YAML file [%s] encounters a format error.\n%s\n", e.Path, e.ErrorMsg)
+}
+
+// Handler handles YamlFormatError
+func Handler(e error, path string) error {
+	if isYAMLSyntaxError(e) {
+		return YamlFormatError{
+			Path:     path,
+			ErrorMsg: e.Error(),
+		}
+	}
+	return e
+}
+
+func isYAMLSyntaxError(e error) bool {
+	return strings.Contains(e.Error(), "error converting YAML to JSON") || strings.Contains(e.Error(), "error unmarshaling JSON")
+}

api/internal/kusterr/yamlformaterror_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+// Copyright 2019 The Kubernetes Authors.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+
+package kusterr
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"testing"
+)
+
+const (
+	filepath = "/path/to/whatever"
+	expected = "YAML file [/path/to/whatever] encounters a format error.\n" +
+		"error converting YAML to JSON: yaml: line 2: found character that cannot start any token\n"
+)
+
+func TestYamlFormatError_Error(t *testing.T) {
+	testErr := YamlFormatError{
+		Path:     filepath,
+		ErrorMsg: "error converting YAML to JSON: yaml: line 2: found character that cannot start any token",
+	}
+	if testErr.Error() != expected {
+		t.Errorf("Expected : %s\n, but found : %s\n", expected, testErr.Error())
+	}
+}
+
+func TestErrorHandler(t *testing.T) {
+	err := fmt.Errorf("error converting YAML to JSON: yaml: line 2: found character that cannot start any token")
+	testErr := Handler(err, filepath)
+	expectedErr := fmt.Errorf("format error message")
+	fmtErr := Handler(expectedErr, filepath)
+	if fmtErr.Error() != expectedErr.Error() {
+		t.Errorf("Expected returning fmt.Error, but found %T", fmtErr)
+	}
+	if _, ok := testErr.(YamlFormatError); !ok {
+		t.Errorf("Expected returning YamlFormatError, but found %T", testErr)
+	}
+	if testErr == nil || testErr.Error() != expected {
+		t.Errorf("Expected : %s\n, but found : %s\n", expected, testErr.Error())
+	}
+}

api/internal/loadertest/fakeloader.go

@@ -0,0 +1,76 @@
+// Copyright 2019 The Kubernetes Authors.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+
+// Package loadertest holds a fake for the Loader interface.
+package loadertest
+
+import (
+	"log"
+
+	"sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/api/filesys"
+	"sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/api/ifc"
+	"sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/api/loader"
+)
+
+// FakeLoader encapsulates the delegate Loader and the fake file system.
+type FakeLoader struct {
+	fs       filesys.FileSystem
+	delegate ifc.Loader
+}
+
+// NewFakeLoader returns a Loader that uses a fake filesystem.
+// The loader will be restricted to root only.
+// The initialDir argument should be an absolute file path.
+func NewFakeLoader(initialDir string) FakeLoader {
+	return NewFakeLoaderWithRestrictor(
+		loader.RestrictionRootOnly, initialDir)
+}
+
+// NewFakeLoaderWithRestrictor returns a Loader that
+// uses a fake filesystem.
+// The initialDir argument should be an absolute file path.
+func NewFakeLoaderWithRestrictor(
+	lr loader.LoadRestrictorFunc, initialDir string) FakeLoader {
+	// Create fake filesystem and inject it into initial Loader.
+	fSys := filesys.MakeFsInMemory()
+	fSys.Mkdir(initialDir)
+	ldr, err := loader.NewLoader(lr, initialDir, fSys)
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Fatalf("Unable to make loader: %v", err)
+	}
+	return FakeLoader{fs: fSys, delegate: ldr}
+}
+
+// AddFile adds a fake file to the file system.
+func (f FakeLoader) AddFile(fullFilePath string, content []byte) error {
+	return f.fs.WriteFile(fullFilePath, content)
+}
+
+// AddDirectory adds a fake directory to the file system.
+func (f FakeLoader) AddDirectory(fullDirPath string) error {
+	return f.fs.Mkdir(fullDirPath)
+}
+
+// Root delegates.
+func (f FakeLoader) Root() string {
+	return f.delegate.Root()
+}
+
+// New creates a new loader from a new root.
+func (f FakeLoader) New(newRoot string) (ifc.Loader, error) {
+	l, err := f.delegate.New(newRoot)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	return FakeLoader{fs: f.fs, delegate: l}, nil
+}
+
+// Load delegates.
+func (f FakeLoader) Load(location string) ([]byte, error) {
+	return f.delegate.Load(location)
+}
+
+// Cleanup delegates.
+func (f FakeLoader) Cleanup() error {
+	return f.delegate.Cleanup()
+}

api/internal/plugins/builtinconfig/doc.go

@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+// Copyright 2019 The Kubernetes Authors.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+
+// Package builtinconfig provides legacy methods for
+// configuring builtin plugins from a common config file.
+// As a user, its best to configure plugins individually
+// with plugin config files specified in the `transformers:`
+// or `generators:` field, than to use this legacy
+// configuration technique.
+package builtinconfig

api/internal/plugins/builtinconfig/loaddefaultconfig.go

@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+// Copyright 2019 The Kubernetes Authors.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+
+package builtinconfig
+
+import (
+	"sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/api/ifc"
+	"sigs.k8s.io/yaml"
+)
+
+// loadDefaultConfig returns a TranformerConfig
+// object from a list of files.
+func loadDefaultConfig(
+	ldr ifc.Loader, paths []string) (*TransformerConfig, error) {
+	result := &TransformerConfig{}
+	for _, path := range paths {
+		data, err := ldr.Load(path)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		t, err := makeTransformerConfigFromBytes(data)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		result, err = result.Merge(t)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+	}
+	return result, nil
+}
+
+// makeTransformerConfigFromBytes returns a TransformerConfig object from bytes
+func makeTransformerConfigFromBytes(data []byte) (*TransformerConfig, error) {
+	var t TransformerConfig
+	err := yaml.Unmarshal(data, &t)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	t.sortFields()
+	return &t, nil
+}

api/internal/plugins/builtinconfig/loaddefaultconfig_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+// Copyright 2019 The Kubernetes Authors.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+
+package builtinconfig
+
+import (
+	"reflect"
+	"testing"
+
+	"sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/api/internal/loadertest"
+	"sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/api/resid"
+	"sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/api/types"
+)
+
+func TestLoadDefaultConfigsFromFiles(t *testing.T) {
+	ldr := loadertest.NewFakeLoader("/app")
+	ldr.AddFile("/app/config.yaml", []byte(`
+namePrefix:
+- path: nameprefix/path
+  kind: SomeKind
+`))
+	tcfg, err := loadDefaultConfig(ldr, []string{"/app/config.yaml"})
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+	expected := &TransformerConfig{
+		NamePrefix: []types.FieldSpec{
+			{
+				Gvk:  resid.Gvk{Kind: "SomeKind"},
+				Path: "nameprefix/path",
+			},
+		},
+	}
+	if !reflect.DeepEqual(tcfg, expected) {
+		t.Fatalf("expected %v\n but go6t %v\n", expected, tcfg)
+	}
+}

api/internal/plugins/builtinconfig/namebackreferences.go

@@ -0,0 +1,93 @@
+// Copyright 2019 The Kubernetes Authors.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+
+package builtinconfig
+
+import (
+	"strings"
+
+	"sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/api/resid"
+	"sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/api/types"
+)
+
+// NameBackReferences is an association between a gvk.GVK and a list
+// of FieldSpec instances that could refer to it.
+//
+// It is used to handle name changes, and can be thought of as a
+// a contact list.  If you change your own contact info (name,
+// phone number, etc.), you must tell your contacts or they won't
+// know about the change.
+//
+// For example, ConfigMaps can be used by Pods and everything that
+// contains a Pod; Deployment, Job, StatefulSet, etc.  To change
+// the name of a ConfigMap instance from 'alice' to 'bob', one
+// must visit all objects that could refer to the ConfigMap, see if
+// they mention 'alice', and if so, change the reference to 'bob'.
+//
+// The NameBackReferences instance to aid in this could look like
+//   {
+//     kind: ConfigMap
+//     version: v1
+//     FieldSpecs:
+//     - kind: Pod
+//       version: v1
+//       path: spec/volumes/configMap/name
+//     - kind: Deployment
+//       path: spec/template/spec/volumes/configMap/name
+//     - kind: Job
+//       path: spec/template/spec/volumes/configMap/name
+//       (etc.)
+//   }
+type NameBackReferences struct {
+	resid.Gvk  `json:",inline,omitempty" yaml:",inline,omitempty"`
+	FieldSpecs types.FsSlice `json:"FieldSpecs,omitempty" yaml:"FieldSpecs,omitempty"`
+}
+
+func (n NameBackReferences) String() string {
+	var r []string
+	for _, f := range n.FieldSpecs {
+		r = append(r, f.String())
+	}
+	return n.Gvk.String() + ":  (\n" +
+		strings.Join(r, "\n") + "\n)"
+}
+
+type nbrSlice []NameBackReferences
+
+func (s nbrSlice) Len() int      { return len(s) }
+func (s nbrSlice) Swap(i, j int) { s[i], s[j] = s[j], s[i] }
+func (s nbrSlice) Less(i, j int) bool {
+	return s[i].Gvk.IsLessThan(s[j].Gvk)
+}
+
+func (s nbrSlice) mergeAll(o nbrSlice) (result nbrSlice, err error) {
+	result = s
+	for _, r := range o {
+		result, err = result.mergeOne(r)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+	}
+	return result, nil
+}
+
+func (s nbrSlice) mergeOne(other NameBackReferences) (nbrSlice, error) {
+	var result nbrSlice
+	var err error
+	found := false
+	for _, c := range s {
+		if c.Gvk.Equals(other.Gvk) {
+			c.FieldSpecs, err = c.FieldSpecs.MergeAll(other.FieldSpecs)
+			if err != nil {
+				return nil, err
+			}
+			found = true
+		}
+		result = append(result, c)
+	}
+
+	if !found {
+		result = append(result, other)
+	}
+	return result, nil
+}

api/internal/plugins/builtinconfig/namebackreferences_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,97 @@
+// Copyright 2019 The Kubernetes Authors.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+
+package builtinconfig
+
+import (
+	"reflect"
+	"testing"
+
+	"sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/api/resid"
+	"sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/api/types"
+)
+
+func TestMergeAll(t *testing.T) {
+	fsSlice1 := []types.FieldSpec{
+		{
+			Gvk: resid.Gvk{
+				Kind: "Pod",
+			},
+			Path:               "path/to/a/name",
+			CreateIfNotPresent: false,
+		},
+		{
+			Gvk: resid.Gvk{
+				Kind: "Deployment",
+			},
+			Path:               "another/path/to/some/name",
+			CreateIfNotPresent: false,
+		},
+	}
+	fsSlice2 := []types.FieldSpec{
+		{
+			Gvk: resid.Gvk{
+				Kind: "Job",
+			},
+			Path:               "morepath/to/name",
+			CreateIfNotPresent: false,
+		},
+		{
+			Gvk: resid.Gvk{
+				Kind: "StatefulSet",
+			},
+			Path:               "yet/another/path/to/a/name",
+			CreateIfNotPresent: false,
+		},
+	}
+
+	nbrsSlice1 := nbrSlice{
+		{
+			Gvk: resid.Gvk{
+				Kind: "ConfigMap",
+			},
+			FieldSpecs: fsSlice1,
+		},
+		{
+			Gvk: resid.Gvk{
+				Kind: "Secret",
+			},
+			FieldSpecs: fsSlice2,
+		},
+	}
+	nbrsSlice2 := nbrSlice{
+		{
+			Gvk: resid.Gvk{
+				Kind: "ConfigMap",
+			},
+			FieldSpecs: fsSlice1,
+		},
+		{
+			Gvk: resid.Gvk{
+				Kind: "Secret",
+			},
+			FieldSpecs: fsSlice2,
+		},
+	}
+	expected := nbrSlice{
+		{
+			Gvk: resid.Gvk{
+				Kind: "ConfigMap",
+			},
+			FieldSpecs: fsSlice1,
+		},
+		{
+			Gvk: resid.Gvk{
+				Kind: "Secret",
+			},
+			FieldSpecs: fsSlice2,
+		},
+	}
+	actual, err := nbrsSlice1.mergeAll(nbrsSlice2)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("unexpected err: %v", err)
+	}
+	if !reflect.DeepEqual(actual, expected) {
+		t.Fatalf("expected\n %v\n but got\n %v\n", expected, actual)
+	}
+}

api/internal/plugins/builtinconfig/transformerconfig.go

@@ -0,0 +1,148 @@
+// Copyright 2019 The Kubernetes Authors.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+
+package builtinconfig
+
+import (
+	"log"
+	"sort"
+
+	"sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/api/ifc"
+	"sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/api/konfig/builtinpluginconsts"
+	"sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/api/types"
+)
+
+// TransformerConfig holds the data needed to perform transformations.
+type TransformerConfig struct {
+	NamePrefix        types.FsSlice `json:"namePrefix,omitempty" yaml:"namePrefix,omitempty"`
+	NameSuffix        types.FsSlice `json:"nameSuffix,omitempty" yaml:"nameSuffix,omitempty"`
+	NameSpace         types.FsSlice `json:"namespace,omitempty" yaml:"namespace,omitempty"`
+	CommonLabels      types.FsSlice `json:"commonLabels,omitempty" yaml:"commonLabels,omitempty"`
+	CommonAnnotations types.FsSlice `json:"commonAnnotations,omitempty" yaml:"commonAnnotations,omitempty"`
+	NameReference     nbrSlice      `json:"nameReference,omitempty" yaml:"nameReference,omitempty"`
+	VarReference      types.FsSlice `json:"varReference,omitempty" yaml:"varReference,omitempty"`
+	Images            types.FsSlice `json:"images,omitempty" yaml:"images,omitempty"`
+	Replicas          types.FsSlice `json:"replicas,omitempty" yaml:"replicas,omitempty"`
+}
+
+// MakeEmptyConfig returns an empty TransformerConfig object
+func MakeEmptyConfig() *TransformerConfig {
+	return &TransformerConfig{}
+}
+
+// MakeDefaultConfig returns a default TransformerConfig.
+func MakeDefaultConfig() *TransformerConfig {
+	c, err := makeTransformerConfigFromBytes(
+		builtinpluginconsts.GetDefaultFieldSpecs())
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Fatalf("Unable to make default transformconfig: %v", err)
+	}
+	return c
+}
+
+// MakeTransformerConfig returns a merger of custom config,
+// if any, with default config.
+func MakeTransformerConfig(
+	ldr ifc.Loader, paths []string) (*TransformerConfig, error) {
+	t1 := MakeDefaultConfig()
+	if len(paths) == 0 {
+		return t1, nil
+	}
+	t2, err := loadDefaultConfig(ldr, paths)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	return t1.Merge(t2)
+}
+
+// sortFields provides determinism in logging, tests, etc.
+func (t *TransformerConfig) sortFields() {
+	sort.Sort(t.NamePrefix)
+	sort.Sort(t.NameSpace)
+	sort.Sort(t.CommonLabels)
+	sort.Sort(t.CommonAnnotations)
+	sort.Sort(t.NameReference)
+	sort.Sort(t.VarReference)
+	sort.Sort(t.Images)
+	sort.Sort(t.Replicas)
+}
+
+// AddPrefixFieldSpec adds a FieldSpec to NamePrefix
+func (t *TransformerConfig) AddPrefixFieldSpec(fs types.FieldSpec) (err error) {
+	t.NamePrefix, err = t.NamePrefix.MergeOne(fs)
+	return err
+}
+
+// AddSuffixFieldSpec adds a FieldSpec to NameSuffix
+func (t *TransformerConfig) AddSuffixFieldSpec(fs types.FieldSpec) (err error) {
+	t.NameSuffix, err = t.NameSuffix.MergeOne(fs)
+	return err
+}
+
+// AddLabelFieldSpec adds a FieldSpec to CommonLabels
+func (t *TransformerConfig) AddLabelFieldSpec(fs types.FieldSpec) (err error) {
+	t.CommonLabels, err = t.CommonLabels.MergeOne(fs)
+	return err
+}
+
+// AddAnnotationFieldSpec adds a FieldSpec to CommonAnnotations
+func (t *TransformerConfig) AddAnnotationFieldSpec(fs types.FieldSpec) (err error) {
+	t.CommonAnnotations, err = t.CommonAnnotations.MergeOne(fs)
+	return err
+}
+
+// AddNamereferenceFieldSpec adds a NameBackReferences to NameReference
+func (t *TransformerConfig) AddNamereferenceFieldSpec(
+	nbrs NameBackReferences) (err error) {
+	t.NameReference, err = t.NameReference.mergeOne(nbrs)
+	return err
+}
+
+// Merge merges two TransformerConfigs objects into
+// a new TransformerConfig object
+func (t *TransformerConfig) Merge(input *TransformerConfig) (
+	merged *TransformerConfig, err error) {
+	if input == nil {
+		return t, nil
+	}
+	merged = &TransformerConfig{}
+	merged.NamePrefix, err = t.NamePrefix.MergeAll(input.NamePrefix)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	merged.NameSuffix, err = t.NameSuffix.MergeAll(input.NameSuffix)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	merged.NameSpace, err = t.NameSpace.MergeAll(input.NameSpace)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	merged.CommonAnnotations, err = t.CommonAnnotations.MergeAll(
+		input.CommonAnnotations)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	merged.CommonLabels, err = t.CommonLabels.MergeAll(input.CommonLabels)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	merged.VarReference, err = t.VarReference.MergeAll(input.VarReference)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	merged.NameReference, err = t.NameReference.mergeAll(input.NameReference)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	merged.Images, err = t.Images.MergeAll(input.Images)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	merged.Replicas, err = t.Replicas.MergeAll(input.Replicas)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	merged.sortFields()
+	return merged, nil
+}

api/internal/plugins/builtinconfig/transformerconfig_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,175 @@
+// Copyright 2019 The Kubernetes Authors.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+
+package builtinconfig_test
+
+import (
+	"reflect"
+	"testing"
+
+	. "sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/api/internal/plugins/builtinconfig"
+	"sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/api/resid"
+	"sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/api/types"
+)
+
+func TestMakeDefaultConfig(t *testing.T) {
+	// Confirm default can be made without fatal error inside call.
+	_ = MakeDefaultConfig()
+}
+
+func TestAddNamereferenceFieldSpec(t *testing.T) {
+	cfg := &TransformerConfig{}
+
+	nbrs := NameBackReferences{
+		Gvk: resid.Gvk{
+			Kind: "KindA",
+		},
+		FieldSpecs: []types.FieldSpec{
+			{
+				Gvk: resid.Gvk{
+					Kind: "KindB",
+				},
+				Path:               "path/to/a/field",
+				CreateIfNotPresent: false,
+			},
+		},
+	}
+
+	err := cfg.AddNamereferenceFieldSpec(nbrs)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("unexpected err: %v", err)
+	}
+	if len(cfg.NameReference) != 1 {
+		t.Fatal("failed to add namereference FieldSpec")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestAddFieldSpecs(t *testing.T) {
+	cfg := &TransformerConfig{}
+
+	fieldSpec := types.FieldSpec{
+		Gvk:                resid.Gvk{Group: "GroupA", Kind: "KindB"},
+		Path:               "path/to/a/field",
+		CreateIfNotPresent: true,
+	}
+
+	err := cfg.AddPrefixFieldSpec(fieldSpec)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("unexpected err: %v", err)
+	}
+	if len(cfg.NamePrefix) != 1 {
+		t.Fatalf("failed to add nameprefix FieldSpec")
+	}
+	err = cfg.AddSuffixFieldSpec(fieldSpec)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("unexpected err: %v", err)
+	}
+	if len(cfg.NameSuffix) != 1 {
+		t.Fatalf("failed to add namesuffix FieldSpec")
+	}
+	err = cfg.AddLabelFieldSpec(fieldSpec)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("unexpected err: %v", err)
+	}
+	if len(cfg.CommonLabels) != 1 {
+		t.Fatalf("failed to add nameprefix FieldSpec")
+	}
+	err = cfg.AddAnnotationFieldSpec(fieldSpec)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("unexpected err: %v", err)
+	}
+	if len(cfg.CommonAnnotations) != 1 {
+		t.Fatalf("failed to add nameprefix FieldSpec")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestMerge(t *testing.T) {
+	nameReference := []NameBackReferences{
+		{
+			Gvk: resid.Gvk{
+				Kind: "KindA",
+			},
+			FieldSpecs: []types.FieldSpec{
+				{
+					Gvk: resid.Gvk{
+						Kind: "KindB",
+					},
+					Path:               "path/to/a/field",
+					CreateIfNotPresent: false,
+				},
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			Gvk: resid.Gvk{
+				Kind: "KindA",
+			},
+			FieldSpecs: []types.FieldSpec{
+				{
+					Gvk: resid.Gvk{
+						Kind: "KindC",
+					},
+					Path:               "path/to/a/field",
+					CreateIfNotPresent: false,
+				},
+			},
+		},
+	}
+	fieldSpecs := []types.FieldSpec{
+		{
+			Gvk:                resid.Gvk{Group: "GroupA", Kind: "KindB"},
+			Path:               "path/to/a/field",
+			CreateIfNotPresent: true,
+		},
+		{
+			Gvk:                resid.Gvk{Group: "GroupA", Kind: "KindC"},
+			Path:               "path/to/a/field",
+			CreateIfNotPresent: true,
+		},
+	}
+	cfga := &TransformerConfig{}
+	cfga.AddNamereferenceFieldSpec(nameReference[0])
+	cfga.AddPrefixFieldSpec(fieldSpecs[0])
+	cfga.AddSuffixFieldSpec(fieldSpecs[0])
+
+	cfgb := &TransformerConfig{}
+	cfgb.AddNamereferenceFieldSpec(nameReference[1])
+	cfgb.AddPrefixFieldSpec(fieldSpecs[1])
+	cfga.AddSuffixFieldSpec(fieldSpecs[1])
+
+	actual, err := cfga.Merge(cfgb)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("unexpected err: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	if len(actual.NamePrefix) != 2 {
+		t.Fatal("merge failed for namePrefix FieldSpec")
+	}
+
+	if len(actual.NameSuffix) != 2 {
+		t.Fatal("merge failed for nameSuffix FieldSpec")
+	}
+
+	if len(actual.NameReference) != 1 {
+		t.Fatal("merge failed for namereference FieldSpec")
+	}
+
+	expected := &TransformerConfig{}
+	expected.AddNamereferenceFieldSpec(nameReference[0])
+	expected.AddNamereferenceFieldSpec(nameReference[1])
+	expected.AddPrefixFieldSpec(fieldSpecs[0])
+	expected.AddPrefixFieldSpec(fieldSpecs[1])
+	expected.AddSuffixFieldSpec(fieldSpecs[0])
+	expected.AddSuffixFieldSpec(fieldSpecs[1])
+
+	if !reflect.DeepEqual(actual, expected) {
+		t.Fatalf("expected: %v\n but got: %v\n", expected, actual)
+	}
+
+	actual, err = cfga.Merge(nil)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("unexpected err: %v", err)
+	}
+	if !reflect.DeepEqual(actual, cfga) {
+		t.Fatalf("expected: %v\n but got: %v\n", cfga, actual)
+	}
+}

api/internal/plugins/builtinhelpers/builtinplugintype_string.go

@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+// Code generated by "stringer -type=BuiltinPluginType"; DO NOT EDIT.
+
+package builtinhelpers
+
+import "strconv"
+
+func _() {
+	// An "invalid array index" compiler error signifies that the constant values have changed.
+	// Re-run the stringer command to generate them again.
+	var x [1]struct{}
+	_ = x[Unknown-0]
+	_ = x[AnnotationsTransformer-1]
+	_ = x[ConfigMapGenerator-2]
+	_ = x[HashTransformer-3]
+	_ = x[ImageTagTransformer-4]
+	_ = x[InventoryTransformer-5]
+	_ = x[LabelTransformer-6]
+	_ = x[LegacyOrderTransformer-7]
+	_ = x[NamespaceTransformer-8]
+	_ = x[PatchJson6902Transformer-9]
+	_ = x[PatchStrategicMergeTransformer-10]
+	_ = x[PatchTransformer-11]
+	_ = x[PrefixSuffixTransformer-12]
+	_ = x[ReplicaCountTransformer-13]
+	_ = x[SecretGenerator-14]
+}
+
+const _BuiltinPluginType_name = "UnknownAnnotationsTransformerConfigMapGeneratorHashTransformerImageTagTransformerInventoryTransformerLabelTransformerLegacyOrderTransformerNamespaceTransformerPatchJson6902TransformerPatchStrategicMergeTransformerPatchTransformerPrefixSuffixTransformerReplicaCountTransformerSecretGenerator"
+
+var _BuiltinPluginType_index = [...]uint16{0, 7, 29, 47, 62, 81, 101, 117, 139, 159, 183, 213, 229, 252, 275, 290}
+
+func (i BuiltinPluginType) String() string {
+	if i < 0 || i >= BuiltinPluginType(len(_BuiltinPluginType_index)-1) {
+		return "BuiltinPluginType(" + strconv.FormatInt(int64(i), 10) + ")"
+	}
+	return _BuiltinPluginType_name[_BuiltinPluginType_index[i]:_BuiltinPluginType_index[i+1]]
+}

api/internal/plugins/builtinhelpers/builtins.go

@@ -0,0 +1,75 @@
+// Copyright 2019 The Kubernetes Authors.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+
+package builtinhelpers
+
+import (
+	"sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/api/builtins"
+	"sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/api/resmap"
+)
+
+//go:generate stringer -type=BuiltinPluginType
+type BuiltinPluginType int
+
+const (
+	Unknown BuiltinPluginType = iota
+	AnnotationsTransformer
+	ConfigMapGenerator
+	HashTransformer
+	ImageTagTransformer
+	InventoryTransformer
+	LabelTransformer
+	LegacyOrderTransformer
+	NamespaceTransformer
+	PatchJson6902Transformer
+	PatchStrategicMergeTransformer
+	PatchTransformer
+	PrefixSuffixTransformer
+	ReplicaCountTransformer
+	SecretGenerator
+)
+
+var stringToBuiltinPluginTypeMap map[string]BuiltinPluginType
+
+func init() {
+	stringToBuiltinPluginTypeMap = makeStringToBuiltinPluginTypeMap()
+}
+
+func makeStringToBuiltinPluginTypeMap() (result map[string]BuiltinPluginType) {
+	result = make(map[string]BuiltinPluginType, 23)
+	for k := range GeneratorFactories {
+		result[k.String()] = k
+	}
+	for k := range TransformerFactories {
+		result[k.String()] = k
+	}
+	return
+}
+
+func GetBuiltinPluginType(n string) BuiltinPluginType {
+	result, ok := stringToBuiltinPluginTypeMap[n]
+	if ok {
+		return result
+	}
+	return Unknown
+}
+
+var GeneratorFactories = map[BuiltinPluginType]func() resmap.GeneratorPlugin{
+	ConfigMapGenerator: builtins.NewConfigMapGeneratorPlugin,
+	SecretGenerator:    builtins.NewSecretGeneratorPlugin,
+}
+
+var TransformerFactories = map[BuiltinPluginType]func() resmap.TransformerPlugin{
+	AnnotationsTransformer:         builtins.NewAnnotationsTransformerPlugin,
+	HashTransformer:                builtins.NewHashTransformerPlugin,
+	ImageTagTransformer:            builtins.NewImageTagTransformerPlugin,
+	InventoryTransformer:           builtins.NewInventoryTransformerPlugin,
+	LabelTransformer:               builtins.NewLabelTransformerPlugin,
+	LegacyOrderTransformer:         builtins.NewLegacyOrderTransformerPlugin,
+	NamespaceTransformer:           builtins.NewNamespaceTransformerPlugin,
+	PatchJson6902Transformer:       builtins.NewPatchJson6902TransformerPlugin,
+	PatchStrategicMergeTransformer: builtins.NewPatchStrategicMergeTransformerPlugin,
+	PatchTransformer:               builtins.NewPatchTransformerPlugin,
+	PrefixSuffixTransformer:        builtins.NewPrefixSuffixTransformerPlugin,
+	ReplicaCountTransformer:        builtins.NewReplicaCountTransformerPlugin,
+}

api/internal/plugins/compiler/compiler.go

@@ -0,0 +1,173 @@
+// Copyright 2019 The Kubernetes Authors.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+
+package compiler
+
+import (
+	"bytes"
+	"fmt"
+	"os"
+	"os/exec"
+	"path/filepath"
+	"runtime"
+	"strings"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/pkg/errors"
+	"sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/api/filesys"
+	"sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/api/konfig"
+)
+
+// Compiler creates Go plugin object files.
+//
+// Source code is read from
+//   ${srcRoot}/${g}/${v}/${k}.go
+//
+// Object code is written to
+//   ${objRoot}/${g}/${v}/${k}.so
+type Compiler struct {
+	srcRoot string
+	objRoot string
+}
+
+// DeterminePluginSrcRoot guesses where the user
+// has her ${g}/${v}/$lower(${k})/${k}.go files.
+func DeterminePluginSrcRoot(fSys filesys.FileSystem) (string, error) {
+	return konfig.FirstDirThatExistsElseError(
+		"source directory", fSys, []konfig.NotedFunc{
+			{
+				Note: "relative to unit test",
+				F: func() string {
+					return filepath.Clean(
+						filepath.Join(
+							os.Getenv("PWD"),
+							"..", "..", "..", "..",
+							konfig.RelPluginHome))
+				},
+			},
+			{
+				Note: "relative to api package",
+				F: func() string {
+					return filepath.Clean(
+						filepath.Join(
+							os.Getenv("PWD"),
+							"..", "..", "..",
+							konfig.RelPluginHome))
+				},
+			},
+			{
+				Note: "old style $GOPATH",
+				F: func() string {
+					return filepath.Join(
+						os.Getenv("GOPATH"),
+						"src", konfig.DomainName,
+						konfig.ProgramName, konfig.RelPluginHome)
+				},
+			},
+			{
+				Note: "HOME with literal 'gopath'",
+				F: func() string {
+					return filepath.Join(
+						konfig.HomeDir(), "gopath",
+						"src", konfig.DomainName,
+						konfig.ProgramName, konfig.RelPluginHome)
+				},
+			},
+			{
+				Note: "home directory",
+				F: func() string {
+					return filepath.Join(
+						konfig.HomeDir(), konfig.DomainName,
+						konfig.ProgramName, konfig.RelPluginHome)
+				},
+			},
+		})
+}
+
+// NewCompiler returns a new compiler instance.
+func NewCompiler(srcRoot, objRoot string) *Compiler {
+	return &Compiler{srcRoot: srcRoot, objRoot: objRoot}
+}
+
+// ObjRoot is root of compilation target tree.
+func (b *Compiler) ObjRoot() string {
+	return b.objRoot
+}
+
+// SrcRoot is where to find src.
+func (b *Compiler) SrcRoot() string {
+	return b.srcRoot
+}
+
+func goBin() string {
+	return filepath.Join(runtime.GOROOT(), "bin", "go")
+}
+
+// Compile reads ${srcRoot}/${g}/${v}/${k}.go
+//    and writes ${objRoot}/${g}/${v}/${k}.so
+func (b *Compiler) Compile(g, v, k string) error {
+	lowK := strings.ToLower(k)
+	objDir := filepath.Join(b.objRoot, g, v, lowK)
+	objFile := filepath.Join(objDir, k) + ".so"
+	if RecentFileExists(objFile) {
+		// Skip rebuilding it.
+		return nil
+	}
+	err := os.MkdirAll(objDir, os.ModePerm)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	srcFile := filepath.Join(b.srcRoot, g, v, lowK, k) + ".go"
+	if !FileExists(srcFile) {
+		// Handy for tests of lone plugins.
+		s := k + ".go"
+		if !FileExists(s) {
+			return fmt.Errorf(
+				"cannot find source at '%s' or '%s'", srcFile, s)
+
+		}
+		srcFile = s
+	}
+	commands := []string{
+		"build",
+		"-buildmode",
+		"plugin",
+		"-o", objFile, srcFile,
+	}
+	goBin := goBin()
+	if !FileExists(goBin) {
+		return fmt.Errorf(
+			"cannot find go compiler %s", goBin)
+	}
+	cmd := exec.Command(goBin, commands...)
+	var stderr bytes.Buffer
+	cmd.Stderr = &stderr
+	cmd.Env = os.Environ()
+	if err := cmd.Run(); err != nil {
+		return errors.Wrapf(
+			err, "cannot compile %s:\nSTDERR\n%s\n", srcFile, stderr.String())
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+// True if file less than 3 minutes old, i.e. not
+// accidentally left over from some earlier build.
+func RecentFileExists(path string) bool {
+	fi, err := os.Stat(path)
+	if err != nil {
+		if os.IsNotExist(err) {
+			return false
+		}
+	}
+	age := time.Now().Sub(fi.ModTime())
+	return age.Minutes() < 3
+}
+
+func FileExists(name string) bool {
+	if _, err := os.Stat(name); err != nil {
+		if os.IsNotExist(err) {
+			return false
+		}
+	}
+	return true
+}

api/internal/plugins/compiler/compiler_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,67 @@
+// Copyright 2019 The Kubernetes Authors.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+
+package compiler_test
+
+import (
+	"io/ioutil"
+	"os"
+	"path/filepath"
+	"testing"
+
+	"sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/api/filesys"
+	. "sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/api/internal/plugins/compiler"
+)
+
+// Regression coverage over compiler behavior.
+func TestCompiler(t *testing.T) {
+	configRoot, err := ioutil.TempDir("", "kustomize-compiler-test")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("failed to make temp dir: %v", err)
+	}
+	srcRoot, err := DeterminePluginSrcRoot(filesys.MakeFsOnDisk())
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Error(err)
+	}
+	c := NewCompiler(srcRoot, configRoot)
+	if configRoot != c.ObjRoot() {
+		t.Errorf("unexpected objRoot %s", c.ObjRoot())
+	}
+
+	expectObj := filepath.Join(
+		c.ObjRoot(),
+		"someteam.example.com", "v1", "dateprefixer", "DatePrefixer.so")
+	if FileExists(expectObj) {
+		t.Errorf("obj file should not exist yet: %s", expectObj)
+	}
+	err = c.Compile("someteam.example.com", "v1", "DatePrefixer")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Error(err)
+	}
+	if !RecentFileExists(expectObj) {
+		t.Errorf("didn't find expected obj file %s", expectObj)
+	}
+
+	expectObj = filepath.Join(
+		c.ObjRoot(),
+		"builtin", "", "secretgenerator", "SecretGenerator.so")
+	if FileExists(expectObj) {
+		t.Errorf("obj file should not exist yet: %s", expectObj)
+	}
+	err = c.Compile("builtin", "", "SecretGenerator")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Error(err)
+	}
+	if !RecentFileExists(expectObj) {
+		t.Errorf("didn't find expected obj file %s", expectObj)
+	}
+
+	err = os.RemoveAll(c.ObjRoot())
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf(
+			"removing temp dir: %s %v", c.ObjRoot(), err)
+	}
+	if FileExists(expectObj) {
+		t.Errorf("cleanup failed; still see: %s", expectObj)
+	}
+}

api/internal/plugins/doc.go

@@ -0,0 +1,118 @@
+// Copyright 2019 The Kubernetes Authors.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+
+/*
+
+Read docs/plugins.md first for an overview of kustomize plugins.
+
+
+BUILTIN PLUGIN CONFIGURATION
+
+There are two kinds of plugins, Go plugins (shared
+object library) and exec plugins (independent binary).
+For performance and standardized testing reasons, all
+builtin plugins are Go plugins (not exec plugins).
+
+Using "SecretGenerator" as an example in what
+follows.
+
+The plugin config file looks like
+
+  apiVersion: builtin
+  kind: SecretGenerator
+  metadata:
+    name: whatever
+  otherField1: whatever
+  otherField2: whatever
+  ...
+
+The apiVersion must be 'builtin'.
+
+The kind is the CamelCase name of the plugin.
+
+The source for a builtin plugin must be at:
+
+  repo=$GOPATH/src/sigs.k8s.io/kustomize
+  ${repo}/plugin/builtin/LOWERCASE(${kind})/${kind}
+
+k8s wants 'kind' values to follow CamelCase, while
+Go style doesn't like but does allow such names.
+
+The lowercased value of kind is used as the name of the
+directory holding the plugin, its test, and any
+optional associated files (possibly a go.mod file).
+
+
+BUILTIN PLUGIN GENERATION
+
+The `pluginator` program is a code generator that
+converts kustomize generator (G) and/or
+transformer (T) Go plugins to statically linkable
+code.
+
+It arises from following requirements:
+
+* extension
+  kustomize does two things - generate or
+  transform k8s resources.  Plugins let
+  users write their own G&T's without
+  having to fork kustomize and learn its
+  internals.
+
+* dogfooding
+  A G&T extension framework one can trust
+  should be used by its authors to deliver
+  builtin G&T's.
+
+* distribution
+  kustomize should be distributable via
+  `go get` and should run where Go
+     programs are expected to run.
+
+The extension requirement led to building
+a framework that accommodates writing a
+G or T as either
+
+* an 'exec' plugin (any executable file
+  runnable as a kustomize subprocess), or
+
+* as a Go plugin - see
+  https://golang.org/pkg/plugin.
+
+The dogfooding (and an implicit performance
+requirement) requires a 'builtin' G or T to
+be written as a Go plugin.
+
+The distribution ('go get') requirement demands
+conversion of Go plugins to statically linked
+code, hence this program.
+
+
+TO GENERATE CODE
+
+  repo=$GOPATH/src/sigs.k8s.io/kustomize
+  cd $repo/plugin/builtin
+  go generate ./...
+
+See travis/pre-commit.sh for canonical way
+to execute the above.
+
+This creates
+
+  $repo/api/plugins/builtins/SecretGenerator.go
+
+etc.
+
+Generated plugins are used in kustomize via
+
+  package whatever
+  import sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/api/plugins/builtins
+  ...
+  g := builtin.NewSecretGenerator()
+  g.Config(h, k)
+  resources, err := g.Generate()
+  err = g.Transform(resources)
+  // Eventually emit resources.
+
+*/
+package plugins

api/internal/plugins/execplugin/execplugin.go

@@ -0,0 +1,270 @@
+// Copyright 2019 The Kubernetes Authors.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+
+package execplugin
+
+import (
+	"bytes"
+	"fmt"
+	"io/ioutil"
+	"os"
+	"os/exec"
+	"strconv"
+	"strings"
+
+	"github.com/pkg/errors"
+	"sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/api/resid"
+	"sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/api/resmap"
+	"sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/api/types"
+	"sigs.k8s.io/yaml"
+)
+
+const (
+	idAnnotation        = "kustomize.config.k8s.io/id"
+	HashAnnotation      = "kustomize.config.k8s.io/needs-hash"
+	BehaviorAnnotation  = "kustomize.config.k8s.io/behavior"
+	tmpConfigFilePrefix = "kust-plugin-config-"
+)
+
+// ExecPlugin record the name and args of an executable
+// It triggers the executable generator and transformer
+type ExecPlugin struct {
+	// absolute path of the executable
+	path string
+
+	// Optional command line arguments to the executable
+	// pulled from specially named fields in cfg.
+	// This is for executables that don't want to parse YAML.
+	args []string
+
+	// Plugin configuration data.
+	cfg []byte
+
+	// PluginHelpers
+	h *resmap.PluginHelpers
+}
+
+func NewExecPlugin(p string) *ExecPlugin {
+	return &ExecPlugin{path: p}
+}
+
+func (p *ExecPlugin) ErrIfNotExecutable() error {
+	f, err := os.Stat(p.path)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	if f.Mode()&0111 == 0000 {
+		return fmt.Errorf("unexecutable plugin at: %s", p.path)
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (p *ExecPlugin) Path() string {
+	return p.path
+}
+
+func (p *ExecPlugin) Args() []string {
+	return p.args
+}
+
+func (p *ExecPlugin) Cfg() []byte {
+	return p.cfg
+}
+
+func (p *ExecPlugin) Config(h *resmap.PluginHelpers, config []byte) error {
+	p.h = h
+	p.cfg = config
+	return p.processOptionalArgsFields()
+}
+
+type argsConfig struct {
+	ArgsOneLiner string `json:"argsOneLiner,omitempty" yaml:"argsOneLiner,omitempty"`
+	ArgsFromFile string `json:"argsFromFile,omitempty" yaml:"argsFromFile,omitempty"`
+}
+
+func (p *ExecPlugin) processOptionalArgsFields() error {
+	var c argsConfig
+	yaml.Unmarshal(p.cfg, &c)
+	if c.ArgsOneLiner != "" {
+		p.args = strings.Split(c.ArgsOneLiner, " ")
+	}
+	if c.ArgsFromFile != "" {
+		content, err := p.h.Loader().Load(c.ArgsFromFile)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		for _, x := range strings.Split(string(content), "\n") {
+			x := strings.TrimLeft(x, " ")
+			if x != "" {
+				p.args = append(p.args, x)
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (p *ExecPlugin) Generate() (resmap.ResMap, error) {
+	output, err := p.invokePlugin(nil)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	rm, err := p.h.ResmapFactory().NewResMapFromBytes(output)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	return p.UpdateResourceOptions(rm)
+}
+
+func (p *ExecPlugin) Transform(rm resmap.ResMap) error {
+	// add ResIds as annotations to all objects so that we can add them back
+	inputRM, err := p.getResMapWithIdAnnotation(rm)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	// encode the ResMap so it can be fed to the plugin
+	resources, err := inputRM.AsYaml()
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	// invoke the plugin with resources as the input
+	output, err := p.invokePlugin(resources)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("%v %s", err, string(output))
+	}
+
+	// update the original ResMap based on the output
+	return p.updateResMapValues(output, rm)
+}
+
+// invokePlugin writes plugin config to a temp file, then
+// passes the full temp file path as the first arg to a process
+// running the plugin binary.  Process output is returned.
+func (p *ExecPlugin) invokePlugin(input []byte) ([]byte, error) {
+	f, err := ioutil.TempFile("", tmpConfigFilePrefix)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, errors.Wrap(
+			err, "creating tmp plugin config file")
+	}
+	_, err = f.Write(p.cfg)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, errors.Wrap(
+			err, "writing plugin config to "+f.Name())
+	}
+	err = f.Close()
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, errors.Wrap(
+			err, "closing plugin config file "+f.Name())
+	}
+	cmd := exec.Command(
+		p.path, append([]string{f.Name()}, p.args...)...)
+	cmd.Env = p.getEnv()
+	cmd.Stdin = bytes.NewReader(input)
+	cmd.Stderr = os.Stderr
+	if _, err := os.Stat(p.h.Loader().Root()); err == nil {
+		cmd.Dir = p.h.Loader().Root()
+	}
+	result, err := cmd.Output()
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, errors.Wrapf(
+			err, "failure in plugin configured via %s; %v",
+			f.Name(), err.Error())
+	}
+	return result, os.Remove(f.Name())
+}
+
+func (p *ExecPlugin) getEnv() []string {
+	env := os.Environ()
+	env = append(env,
+		"KUSTOMIZE_PLUGIN_CONFIG_STRING="+string(p.cfg),
+		"KUSTOMIZE_PLUGIN_CONFIG_ROOT="+p.h.Loader().Root())
+	return env
+}
+
+// Returns a new copy of the given ResMap with the ResIds annotated in each Resource
+func (p *ExecPlugin) getResMapWithIdAnnotation(rm resmap.ResMap) (resmap.ResMap, error) {
+	inputRM := rm.DeepCopy()
+	for _, r := range inputRM.Resources() {
+		idString, err := yaml.Marshal(r.CurId())
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		annotations := r.GetAnnotations()
+		if annotations == nil {
+			annotations = make(map[string]string)
+		}
+		annotations[idAnnotation] = string(idString)
+		r.SetAnnotations(annotations)
+	}
+	return inputRM, nil
+}
+
+// updateResMapValues updates the Resource value in the given ResMap
+// with the emitted Resource values in output.
+func (p *ExecPlugin) updateResMapValues(output []byte, rm resmap.ResMap) error {
+	outputRM, err := p.h.ResmapFactory().NewResMapFromBytes(output)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	for _, r := range outputRM.Resources() {
+		// for each emitted Resource, find the matching Resource in the original ResMap
+		// using its id
+		annotations := r.GetAnnotations()
+		idString, ok := annotations[idAnnotation]
+		if !ok {
+			return fmt.Errorf("the transformer %s should not remove annotation %s",
+				p.path, idAnnotation)
+		}
+		id := resid.ResId{}
+		err := yaml.Unmarshal([]byte(idString), &id)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		res, err := rm.GetByCurrentId(id)
+		if err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("unable to find unique match to %s", id.String())
+		}
+		// remove the annotation set by Kustomize to track the resource
+		delete(annotations, idAnnotation)
+		if len(annotations) == 0 {
+			annotations = nil
+		}
+		r.SetAnnotations(annotations)
+
+		// update the ResMap resource value with the transformed object
+		res.Kunstructured = r.Kunstructured
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+// updateResourceOptions updates the generator options for each resource in the
+// given ResMap based on plugin provided annotations.
+func (p *ExecPlugin) UpdateResourceOptions(rm resmap.ResMap) (resmap.ResMap, error) {
+	for _, r := range rm.Resources() {
+		// Disable name hashing by default and require plugin to explicitly
+		// request it for each resource.
+		annotations := r.GetAnnotations()
+		behavior := annotations[BehaviorAnnotation]
+		var needsHash bool
+		if val, ok := annotations[HashAnnotation]; ok {
+			b, err := strconv.ParseBool(val)
+			if err != nil {
+				return nil, fmt.Errorf(
+					"the annotation %q contains an invalid value (%q)",
+					HashAnnotation, val)
+			}
+			needsHash = b
+		}
+		delete(annotations, HashAnnotation)
+		delete(annotations, BehaviorAnnotation)
+		if len(annotations) == 0 {
+			annotations = nil
+		}
+		r.SetAnnotations(annotations)
+		r.SetOptions(types.NewGenArgs(
+			&types.GeneratorArgs{Behavior: behavior},
+			&types.GeneratorOptions{DisableNameSuffixHash: !needsHash}))
+	}
+	return rm, nil
+}

api/internal/plugins/execplugin/execplugin_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,190 @@
+// Copyright 2019 The Kubernetes Authors.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+
+package execplugin_test
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"strings"
+	"testing"
+
+	"sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/api/internal/loadertest"
+	. "sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/api/internal/plugins/execplugin"
+	"sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/api/internal/plugins/loader"
+	"sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/api/k8sdeps/kunstruct"
+	"sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/api/konfig"
+	"sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/api/resmap"
+	"sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/api/resource"
+	valtest_test "sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/api/testutils/valtest"
+	"sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/api/types"
+)
+
+func TestExecPluginConfig(t *testing.T) {
+	path := "/app"
+	rf := resmap.NewFactory(
+		resource.NewFactory(
+			kunstruct.NewKunstructuredFactoryImpl()), nil)
+	ldr := loadertest.NewFakeLoader(path)
+	v := valtest_test.MakeFakeValidator()
+	pluginConfig := rf.RF().FromMap(
+		map[string]interface{}{
+			"apiVersion": "someteam.example.com/v1",
+			"kind":       "SedTransformer",
+			"metadata": map[string]interface{}{
+				"name": "some-random-name",
+			},
+			"argsOneLiner": "one two",
+			"argsFromFile": "sed-input.txt",
+		})
+
+	ldr.AddFile("/app/sed-input.txt", []byte(`
+s/$FOO/foo/g
+s/$BAR/bar/g
+ \ \ \ 
+`))
+
+	p := NewExecPlugin(
+		loader.AbsolutePluginPath(
+			konfig.DisabledPluginConfig(),
+			pluginConfig.OrgId()))
+	// Not checking to see if the plugin is executable,
+	// because this test does not run it.
+	// This tests only covers sending configuration
+	// to the plugin wrapper object and confirming
+	// that it's properly prepared for execution.
+
+	yaml, err := pluginConfig.AsYAML()
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("unexpected err: %v", err)
+	}
+	p.Config(resmap.NewPluginHelpers(ldr, v, rf), yaml)
+
+	expected := "someteam.example.com/v1/sedtransformer/SedTransformer"
+	if !strings.HasSuffix(p.Path(), expected) {
+		t.Fatalf("expected suffix '%s', got '%s'", expected, p.Path())
+	}
+
+	expected = `apiVersion: someteam.example.com/v1
+argsFromFile: sed-input.txt
+argsOneLiner: one two
+kind: SedTransformer
+metadata:
+  name: some-random-name
+`
+	if expected != string(p.Cfg()) {
+		t.Fatalf("expected cfg '%s', got '%s'", expected, string(p.Cfg()))
+
+	}
+	if len(p.Args()) != 5 {
+		t.Fatalf("unexpected arg len %d, %v", len(p.Args()), p.Args())
+	}
+	if p.Args()[0] != "one" ||
+		p.Args()[1] != "two" ||
+		p.Args()[2] != "s/$FOO/foo/g" ||
+		p.Args()[3] != "s/$BAR/bar/g" ||
+		p.Args()[4] != "\\ \\ \\ " {
+		t.Fatalf("unexpected arg array: %v", p.Args())
+	}
+}
+
+func makeConfigMap(rf *resource.Factory, name, behavior string, hashValue *string) *resource.Resource {
+	r := rf.FromMap(map[string]interface{}{
+		"apiVersion": "v1",
+		"kind":       "ConfigMap",
+		"metadata":   map[string]interface{}{"name": name},
+	})
+	annotations := map[string]string{}
+	if behavior != "" {
+		annotations[BehaviorAnnotation] = behavior
+	}
+	if hashValue != nil {
+		annotations[HashAnnotation] = *hashValue
+	}
+	if len(annotations) > 0 {
+		r.SetAnnotations(annotations)
+	}
+	return r
+}
+
+func makeConfigMapOptions(rf *resource.Factory, name, behavior string, disableHash bool) *resource.Resource {
+	return rf.FromMapAndOption(map[string]interface{}{
+		"apiVersion": "v1",
+		"kind":       "ConfigMap",
+		"metadata":   map[string]interface{}{"name": name},
+	}, &types.GeneratorArgs{Behavior: behavior}, &types.GeneratorOptions{DisableNameSuffixHash: disableHash})
+}
+
+func strptr(s string) *string {
+	return &s
+}
+
+func TestUpdateResourceOptions(t *testing.T) {
+	p := NewExecPlugin("")
+	if err := p.ErrIfNotExecutable(); err == nil {
+		t.Fatalf("expected unexecutable error")
+	}
+	rf := resource.NewFactory(kunstruct.NewKunstructuredFactoryImpl())
+	in := resmap.New()
+	expected := resmap.New()
+	cases := []struct {
+		behavior  string
+		needsHash bool
+		hashValue *string
+	}{
+		{hashValue: strptr("false")},
+		{hashValue: strptr("true"), needsHash: true},
+		{behavior: "replace"},
+		{behavior: "merge"},
+		{behavior: "create"},
+		{behavior: "nonsense"},
+		{behavior: "merge", hashValue: strptr("false")},
+		{behavior: "merge", hashValue: strptr("true"), needsHash: true},
+	}
+	for i, c := range cases {
+		name := fmt.Sprintf("test%d", i)
+		in.Append(makeConfigMap(rf, name, c.behavior, c.hashValue))
+		expected.Append(makeConfigMapOptions(rf, name, c.behavior, !c.needsHash))
+	}
+	actual, err := p.UpdateResourceOptions(in)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("unexpected error: %v", err.Error())
+	}
+	for i, a := range expected.Resources() {
+		b := actual.GetByIndex(i)
+		if b == nil {
+			t.Fatalf("resource %d missing from processed map", i)
+		}
+		if !a.Equals(b) {
+			t.Errorf("expected %v got %v", a, b)
+		}
+		if a.NeedHashSuffix() != b.NeedHashSuffix() {
+			t.Errorf("")
+		}
+		if a.Behavior() != b.Behavior() {
+			t.Errorf("expected %v got %v", a.Behavior(), b.Behavior())
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func TestUpdateResourceOptionsWithInvalidHashAnnotationValues(t *testing.T) {
+	p := NewExecPlugin("")
+	if err := p.ErrIfNotExecutable(); err == nil {
+		t.Fatalf("expected unexecutable error")
+	}
+	rf := resource.NewFactory(kunstruct.NewKunstructuredFactoryImpl())
+	cases := []string{
+		"",
+		"FaLsE",
+		"TrUe",
+		"potato",
+	}
+	for i, c := range cases {
+		name := fmt.Sprintf("test%d", i)
+		in := resmap.New()
+		in.Append(makeConfigMap(rf, name, "", &c))
+		_, err := p.UpdateResourceOptions(in)
+		if err == nil {
+			t.Errorf("expected error from value %q", c)
+		}
+	}
+}

api/internal/plugins/loader/loader.go

@@ -0,0 +1,211 @@
+// Copyright 2019 The Kubernetes Authors.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+
+package loader
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"os"
+	"path/filepath"
+	"plugin"
+	"reflect"
+	"strings"
+
+	"github.com/pkg/errors"
+	"sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/api/ifc"
+	"sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/api/internal/plugins/builtinhelpers"
+	"sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/api/internal/plugins/execplugin"
+	"sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/api/konfig"
+	"sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/api/resid"
+	"sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/api/resmap"
+	"sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/api/resource"
+	"sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/api/types"
+)
+
+type Loader struct {
+	pc *types.PluginConfig
+	rf *resmap.Factory
+}
+
+func NewLoader(
+	pc *types.PluginConfig, rf *resmap.Factory) *Loader {
+	return &Loader{pc: pc, rf: rf}
+}
+
+func (l *Loader) LoadGenerators(
+	ldr ifc.Loader, v ifc.Validator, rm resmap.ResMap) ([]resmap.Generator, error) {
+	var result []resmap.Generator
+	for _, res := range rm.Resources() {
+		g, err := l.LoadGenerator(ldr, v, res)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		result = append(result, g)
+	}
+	return result, nil
+}
+
+func (l *Loader) LoadGenerator(
+	ldr ifc.Loader, v ifc.Validator, res *resource.Resource) (resmap.Generator, error) {
+	c, err := l.loadAndConfigurePlugin(ldr, v, res)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	g, ok := c.(resmap.Generator)
+	if !ok {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("plugin %s not a generator", res.OrgId())
+	}
+	return g, nil
+}
+
+func (l *Loader) LoadTransformers(
+	ldr ifc.Loader, v ifc.Validator, rm resmap.ResMap) ([]resmap.Transformer, error) {
+	var result []resmap.Transformer
+	for _, res := range rm.Resources() {
+		t, err := l.LoadTransformer(ldr, v, res)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		result = append(result, t)
+	}
+	return result, nil
+}
+
+func (l *Loader) LoadTransformer(
+	ldr ifc.Loader, v ifc.Validator, res *resource.Resource) (resmap.Transformer, error) {
+	c, err := l.loadAndConfigurePlugin(ldr, v, res)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	t, ok := c.(resmap.Transformer)
+	if !ok {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("plugin %s not a transformer", res.OrgId())
+	}
+	return t, nil
+}
+
+func relativePluginPath(id resid.ResId) string {
+	return filepath.Join(
+		id.Group,
+		id.Version,
+		strings.ToLower(id.Kind))
+}
+
+func AbsolutePluginPath(pc *types.PluginConfig, id resid.ResId) string {
+	return filepath.Join(
+		pc.AbsPluginHome, relativePluginPath(id), id.Kind)
+}
+
+func (l *Loader) absolutePluginPath(id resid.ResId) string {
+	return AbsolutePluginPath(l.pc, id)
+}
+
+func isBuiltinPlugin(res *resource.Resource) bool {
+	// TODO: the special string should appear in Group, not Version.
+	return res.GetGvk().Group == "" &&
+		res.GetGvk().Version == konfig.BuiltinPluginApiVersion
+}
+
+func (l *Loader) loadAndConfigurePlugin(
+	ldr ifc.Loader, v ifc.Validator, res *resource.Resource) (c resmap.Configurable, err error) {
+	if isBuiltinPlugin(res) {
+		// Instead of looking for and loading a .so file, just
+		// instantiate the plugin from a generated factory
+		// function (see "pluginator").  Being able to do this
+		// is what makes a plugin "builtin".
+		c, err = l.makeBuiltinPlugin(res.GetGvk())
+	} else if l.pc.PluginRestrictions == types.PluginRestrictionsNone {
+		c, err = l.loadPlugin(res.OrgId())
+	} else {
+		err = types.NewErrOnlyBuiltinPluginsAllowed(res.OrgId().Kind)
+	}
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	yaml, err := res.AsYAML()
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, errors.Wrapf(err, "marshalling yaml from res %s", res.OrgId())
+	}
+	err = c.Config(resmap.NewPluginHelpers(ldr, v, l.rf), yaml)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, errors.Wrapf(
+			err, "plugin %s fails configuration", res.OrgId())
+	}
+	return c, nil
+}
+
+func (l *Loader) makeBuiltinPlugin(r resid.Gvk) (resmap.Configurable, error) {
+	bpt := builtinhelpers.GetBuiltinPluginType(r.Kind)
+	if f, ok := builtinhelpers.GeneratorFactories[bpt]; ok {
+		return f(), nil
+	}
+	if f, ok := builtinhelpers.TransformerFactories[bpt]; ok {
+		return f(), nil
+	}
+	return nil, errors.Errorf("unable to load builtin %s", r)
+}
+
+func (l *Loader) loadPlugin(resId resid.ResId) (resmap.Configurable, error) {
+	// First try to load the plugin as an executable.
+	p := execplugin.NewExecPlugin(l.absolutePluginPath(resId))
+	err := p.ErrIfNotExecutable()
+	if err == nil {
+		return p, nil
+	}
+	if !os.IsNotExist(err) {
+		// The file exists, but something else is wrong,
+		// likely it's not executable.
+		// Assume the user forgot to set the exec bit,
+		// and return an error, rather than adding ".so"
+		// to the name and attempting to load it as a Go
+		// plugin, which will likely fail and result
+		// in an obscure message.
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	// Failing the above, try loading it as a Go plugin.
+	c, err := l.loadGoPlugin(resId)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	return c, nil
+}
+
+// registry is a means to avoid trying to load the same .so file
+// into memory more than once, which results in an error.
+// Each test makes its own loader, and tries to load its own plugins,
+// but the loaded .so files are in shared memory, so one will get
+// "this plugin already loaded" errors if the registry is maintained
+// as a Loader instance variable.  So make it a package variable.
+var registry = make(map[string]resmap.Configurable)
+
+func (l *Loader) loadGoPlugin(id resid.ResId) (resmap.Configurable, error) {
+	regId := relativePluginPath(id)
+	if c, ok := registry[regId]; ok {
+		return copyPlugin(c), nil
+	}
+	absPath := l.absolutePluginPath(id)
+	p, err := plugin.Open(absPath + ".so")
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, errors.Wrapf(err, "plugin %s fails to load", absPath)
+	}
+	symbol, err := p.Lookup(konfig.PluginSymbol)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, errors.Wrapf(
+			err, "plugin %s doesn't have symbol %s",
+			regId, konfig.PluginSymbol)
+	}
+	c, ok := symbol.(resmap.Configurable)
+	if !ok {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("plugin '%s' not configurable", regId)
+	}
+	registry[regId] = c
+	return copyPlugin(c), nil
+}
+
+func copyPlugin(c resmap.Configurable) resmap.Configurable {
+	indirect := reflect.Indirect(reflect.ValueOf(c))
+	newIndirect := reflect.New(indirect.Type())
+	newIndirect.Elem().Set(reflect.ValueOf(indirect.Interface()))
+	newNamed := newIndirect.Interface()
+	return newNamed.(resmap.Configurable)
+}

api/internal/plugins/loader/loader_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,80 @@
+// Copyright 2019 The Kubernetes Authors.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+
+package loader_test
+
+import (
+	"testing"
+
+	"sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/api/internal/loadertest"
+	. "sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/api/internal/plugins/loader"
+	"sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/api/k8sdeps/kunstruct"
+	"sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/api/konfig"
+	"sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/api/resmap"
+	"sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/api/resource"
+	kusttest_test "sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/api/testutils/kusttest"
+	valtest_test "sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/api/testutils/valtest"
+)
+
+const (
+	secretGenerator = `
+apiVersion: builtin
+kind: SecretGenerator
+metadata:
+  name: secretGenerator
+name: mySecret
+behavior: merge
+envFiles:
+- a.env
+- b.env
+valueFiles:
+- longsecret.txt
+literals:
+- FRUIT=apple
+- VEGETABLE=carrot
+`
+	someServiceGenerator = `
+apiVersion: someteam.example.com/v1
+kind: SomeServiceGenerator
+metadata:
+  name: myServiceGenerator
+service: my-service
+port: "12345"
+`
+)
+
+func TestLoader(t *testing.T) {
+	tc := kusttest_test.NewPluginTestEnv(t).Set()
+	defer tc.Reset()
+
+	tc.BuildGoPlugin(
+		"builtin", "", "SecretGenerator")
+	tc.BuildGoPlugin(
+		"someteam.example.com", "v1", "SomeServiceGenerator")
+
+	rmF := resmap.NewFactory(resource.NewFactory(
+		kunstruct.NewKunstructuredFactoryImpl()), nil)
+
+	ldr := loadertest.NewFakeLoader("/foo")
+
+	c, err := konfig.EnabledPluginConfig()
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	pLdr := NewLoader(c, rmF)
+	if pLdr == nil {
+		t.Fatal("expect non-nil loader")
+	}
+
+	m, err := rmF.NewResMapFromBytes([]byte(
+		someServiceGenerator + "---\n" + secretGenerator))
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	_, err = pLdr.LoadGenerators(ldr, valtest_test.MakeFakeValidator(), m)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+}

api/internal/target/accumulation_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
+// Copyright 2019 The Kubernetes Authors.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+
+package target_test
+
+import (
+	"testing"
+
+	. "sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/api/internal/target"
+	kusttest_test "sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/api/testutils/kusttest"
+)
+
+func TestTargetMustHaveKustomizationFile(t *testing.T) {
+	th := kusttest_test.NewKustTestHarness(t, "/app")
+	th.WriteF("/app/service.yaml", `
+apiVersion: v1
+kind: Service
+metadata:
+  name: aService
+`)
+	th.WriteF("/app/deeper/service.yaml", `
+apiVersion: v1
+kind: Service
+metadata:
+  name: anotherService
+`)
+	_, err := th.MakeKustTargetOrErr()
+	if err == nil {
+		t.Fatalf("expected an error")
+	}
+	if !IsMissingKustomizationFileError(err) {
+		t.Fatalf("unexpected error: %q", err)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestResourceDirectoryMustHaveKustomizationFile(t *testing.T) {
+	th := kusttest_test.NewKustTestHarness(t, "/app")
+	th.WriteK("/app", `
+resources:
+- base
+`)
+	th.WriteF("/app/base/service.yaml", `
+apiVersion: v1
+kind: Service
+metadata:
+  name: myService
+spec:
+  selector:
+    backend: bungie
+  ports:
+    - port: 7002
+`)
+	_, err := th.MakeKustTarget().MakeCustomizedResMap()
+	if err == nil {
+		t.Fatalf("expected an error")
+	}
+	if !IsMissingKustomizationFileError(err) {
+		t.Fatalf("unexpected error: %q", err)
+	}
+}

api/internal/target/baseandoverlaymedium_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,313 @@
+// Copyright 2019 The Kubernetes Authors.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+
+package target_test
+
+import (
+	"testing"
+
+	"sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/api/testutils/kusttest"
+)
+
+func writeMediumBase(th *kusttest_test.KustTestHarness) {
+	th.WriteK("/app/base", `
+namePrefix: baseprefix-
+commonLabels:
+  foo: bar
+commonAnnotations:
+  baseAnno: This is a base annotation
+resources:
+- deployment/deployment.yaml
+- service/service.yaml
+`)
+	th.WriteF("/app/base/service/service.yaml", `
+apiVersion: v1
+kind: Service
+metadata:
+  name: mungebot-service
+  labels:
+    app: mungebot
+spec:
+  ports:
+    - port: 7002
+  selector:
+    app: mungebot
+`)
+	th.WriteF("/app/base/deployment/deployment.yaml", `
+apiVersion: apps/v1
+kind: Deployment
+metadata:
+  name: mungebot
+  labels:
+    app: mungebot
+spec:
+  replicas: 1
+  template:
+    metadata:
+      labels:
+        app: mungebot
+    spec:
+      containers:
+      - name: nginx
+        image: nginx
+        env:
+        - name: foo
+          value: bar
+        ports:
+        - containerPort: 80
+`)
+}
+
+func TestMediumBase(t *testing.T) {
+	th := kusttest_test.NewKustTestHarness(t, "/app/base")
+	writeMediumBase(th)
+	m, err := th.MakeKustTarget().MakeCustomizedResMap()
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("Err: %v", err)
+	}
+	th.AssertActualEqualsExpected(m, `
+apiVersion: apps/v1
+kind: Deployment
+metadata:
+  annotations:
+    baseAnno: This is a base annotation
+  labels:
+    app: mungebot
+    foo: bar
+  name: baseprefix-mungebot
+spec:
+  replicas: 1
+  selector:
+    matchLabels:
+      foo: bar
+  template:
+    metadata:
+      annotations:
+        baseAnno: This is a base annotation
+      labels:
+        app: mungebot
+        foo: bar
+    spec:
+      containers:
+      - env:
+        - name: foo
+          value: bar
+        image: nginx
+        name: nginx
+        ports:
+        - containerPort: 80
+---
+apiVersion: v1
+kind: Service
+metadata:
+  annotations:
+    baseAnno: This is a base annotation
+  labels:
+    app: mungebot
+    foo: bar
+  name: baseprefix-mungebot-service
+spec:
+  ports:
+  - port: 7002
+  selector:
+    app: mungebot
+    foo: bar
+`)
+}
+
+func TestMediumOverlay(t *testing.T) {
+	th := kusttest_test.NewKustTestHarness(t, "/app/overlay")
+	writeMediumBase(th)
+	th.WriteK("/app/overlay", `
+namePrefix: test-infra-
+commonLabels:
+  app: mungebot
+  org: kubernetes
+  repo: test-infra
+commonAnnotations:
+  note: This is a test annotation
+resources:
+- ../base
+patchesStrategicMerge:
+- deployment/deployment.yaml
+configMapGenerator:
+- name: app-env
+  envs:
+  - configmap/db.env
+  - configmap/units.ini
+  - configmap/food.ini
+- name: app-config
+  files:
+  - nonsense=configmap/dummy.txt
+images:
+- name: nginx
+  newTag: 1.8.0`)
+
+	th.WriteF("/app/overlay/configmap/db.env", `
+DB_USERNAME=admin
+DB_PASSWORD=somepw
+`)
+	th.WriteF("/app/overlay/configmap/units.ini", `
+LENGTH=kilometer
+ENERGY=electronvolt
+`)
+	th.WriteF("/app/overlay/configmap/food.ini", `
+FRUIT=banana
+LEGUME=chickpea
+`)
+	th.WriteF("/app/overlay/configmap/dummy.txt",
+		`Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur
+adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor
+incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. 
+`)
+	th.WriteF("/app/overlay/deployment/deployment.yaml", `
+apiVersion: apps/v1
+kind: Deployment
+metadata:
+  name: mungebot
+spec:
+  replicas: 2
+  template:
+    spec:
+      containers:
+      - name: nginx
+        image: nginx:1.7.9
+        env:
+        - name: FOO
+          valueFrom:
+            configMapKeyRef:
+              name: app-env
+              key: somekey
+      - name: busybox
+        image: busybox
+        envFrom:
+        - configMapRef:
+            name: someConfigMap
+        - configMapRef:
+            name: app-env
+        volumeMounts:
+        - mountPath: /tmp/env
+          name: app-env
+      volumes:
+      - configMap:
+          name: app-env
+        name: app-env
+`)
+	m, err := th.MakeKustTarget().MakeCustomizedResMap()
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("Err: %v", err)
+	}
+	th.AssertActualEqualsExpected(m, `
+apiVersion: apps/v1
+kind: Deployment
+metadata:
+  annotations:
+    baseAnno: This is a base annotation
+    note: This is a test annotation
+  labels:
+    app: mungebot
+    foo: bar
+    org: kubernetes
+    repo: test-infra
+  name: test-infra-baseprefix-mungebot
+spec:
+  replicas: 2
+  selector:
+    matchLabels:
+      app: mungebot
+      foo: bar
+      org: kubernetes
+      repo: test-infra
+  template:
+    metadata:
+      annotations:
+        baseAnno: This is a base annotation
+        note: This is a test annotation
+      labels:
+        app: mungebot
+        foo: bar
+        org: kubernetes
+        repo: test-infra
+    spec:
+      containers:
+      - env:
+        - name: FOO
+          valueFrom:
+            configMapKeyRef:
+              key: somekey
+              name: test-infra-app-env-ffmd9b969m
+        - name: foo
+          value: bar
+        image: nginx:1.8.0
+        name: nginx
+        ports:
+        - containerPort: 80
+      - envFrom:
+        - configMapRef:
+            name: someConfigMap
+        - configMapRef:
+            name: test-infra-app-env-ffmd9b969m
+        image: busybox
+        name: busybox
+        volumeMounts:
+        - mountPath: /tmp/env
+          name: app-env
+      volumes:
+      - configMap:
+          name: test-infra-app-env-ffmd9b969m
+        name: app-env
+---
+apiVersion: v1
+kind: Service
+metadata:
+  annotations:
+    baseAnno: This is a base annotation
+    note: This is a test annotation
+  labels:
+    app: mungebot
+    foo: bar
+    org: kubernetes
+    repo: test-infra
+  name: test-infra-baseprefix-mungebot-service
+spec:
+  ports:
+  - port: 7002
+  selector:
+    app: mungebot
+    foo: bar
+    org: kubernetes
+    repo: test-infra
+---
+apiVersion: v1
+data:
+  DB_PASSWORD: somepw
+  DB_USERNAME: admin
+  ENERGY: electronvolt
+  FRUIT: banana
+  LEGUME: chickpea
+  LENGTH: kilometer
+kind: ConfigMap
+metadata:
+  annotations:
+    note: This is a test annotation
+  labels:
+    app: mungebot
+    org: kubernetes
+    repo: test-infra
+  name: test-infra-app-env-ffmd9b969m
+---
+apiVersion: v1
+data:
+  nonsense: "Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur\nadipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod
+    tempor\nincididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. \n"
+kind: ConfigMap
+metadata:
+  annotations:
+    note: This is a test annotation
+  labels:
+    app: mungebot
+    org: kubernetes
+    repo: test-infra
+  name: test-infra-app-config-f462h769f9
+`)
+}

api/internal/target/baseandoverlaysmall_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,456 @@
+// Copyright 2019 The Kubernetes Authors.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+
+package target_test
+
+import (
+	"strings"
+	"testing"
+
+	"sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/api/konfig"
+	"sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/api/loader"
+	kusttest_test "sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/api/testutils/kusttest"
+)
+
+func TestOrderPreserved(t *testing.T) {
+	th := kusttest_test.NewKustTestHarness(t, "/app/prod")
+	th.WriteK("/app/base", `
+namePrefix: b-
+resources:
+- namespace.yaml
+- role.yaml
+- service.yaml
+- deployment.yaml
+`)
+	th.WriteF("/app/base/service.yaml", `
+apiVersion: v1
+kind: Service
+metadata:
+  name: myService
+`)
+	th.WriteF("/app/base/namespace.yaml", `
+apiVersion: v1
+kind: Namespace
+metadata:
+  name: myNs
+`)
+	th.WriteF("/app/base/role.yaml", `
+apiVersion: v1
+kind: Role
+metadata:
+  name: myRole
+`)
+	th.WriteF("/app/base/deployment.yaml", `
+apiVersion: v1
+kind: Deployment
+metadata:
+  name: myDep
+`)
+	th.WriteK("/app/prod", `
+namePrefix: p-
+resources:
+- ../base
+- service.yaml
+- namespace.yaml
+`)
+	th.WriteF("/app/prod/service.yaml", `
+apiVersion: v1
+kind: Service
+metadata:
+  name: myService2
+`)
+	th.WriteF("/app/prod/namespace.yaml", `
+apiVersion: v1
+kind: Namespace
+metadata:
+  name: myNs2
+`)
+
+	m, err := th.MakeKustTarget().MakeCustomizedResMap()
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("Err: %v", err)
+	}
+	th.AssertActualEqualsExpected(m, `
+apiVersion: v1
+kind: Namespace
+metadata:
+  name: p-b-myNs
+---
+apiVersion: v1
+kind: Role
+metadata:
+  name: p-b-myRole
+---
+apiVersion: v1
+kind: Service
+metadata:
+  name: p-b-myService
+---
+apiVersion: v1
+kind: Deployment
+metadata:
+  name: p-b-myDep
+---
+apiVersion: v1
+kind: Service
+metadata:
+  name: p-myService2
+---
+apiVersion: v1
+kind: Namespace
+metadata:
+  name: p-myNs2
+`)
+}
+
+func TestBaseInResourceList(t *testing.T) {
+	th := kusttest_test.NewKustTestHarness(t, "/app/prod")
+	th.WriteK("/app/prod", `
+namePrefix: b-
+resources:
+- ../base
+`)
+	th.WriteK("/app/base", `
+namePrefix: a-
+resources:
+- service.yaml
+`)
+	th.WriteF("/app/base/service.yaml", `
+apiVersion: v1
+kind: Service
+metadata:
+  name: myService
+spec:
+  selector:
+    backend: bungie
+`)
+	m, err := th.MakeKustTarget().MakeCustomizedResMap()
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("Err: %v", err)
+	}
+	th.AssertActualEqualsExpected(m, `
+apiVersion: v1
+kind: Service
+metadata:
+  name: b-a-myService
+spec:
+  selector:
+    backend: bungie
+`)
+}
+
+func writeSmallBase(th *kusttest_test.KustTestHarness) {
+	th.WriteK("/app/base", `
+namePrefix: a-
+commonLabels:
+  app: myApp
+resources:
+- deployment.yaml
+- service.yaml
+`)
+	th.WriteF("/app/base/service.yaml", `
+apiVersion: v1
+kind: Service
+metadata:
+  name: myService
+spec:
+  selector:
+    backend: bungie
+  ports:
+    - port: 7002
+`)
+	th.WriteF("/app/base/deployment.yaml", `
+apiVersion: apps/v1
+kind: Deployment
+metadata:
+  name: myDeployment
+spec:
+  template:
+    metadata:
+      labels:
+        backend: awesome
+    spec:
+      containers:
+      - name: whatever
+        image: whatever
+`)
+}
+
+func TestSmallBase(t *testing.T) {
+	th := kusttest_test.NewKustTestHarness(t, "/app/base")
+	writeSmallBase(th)
+	m, err := th.MakeKustTarget().MakeCustomizedResMap()
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("Err: %v", err)
+	}
+	th.AssertActualEqualsExpected(m, `
+apiVersion: apps/v1
+kind: Deployment
+metadata:
+  labels:
+    app: myApp
+  name: a-myDeployment
+spec:
+  selector:
+    matchLabels:
+      app: myApp
+  template:
+    metadata:
+      labels:
+        app: myApp
+        backend: awesome
+    spec:
+      containers:
+      - image: whatever
+        name: whatever
+---
+apiVersion: v1
+kind: Service
+metadata:
+  labels:
+    app: myApp
+  name: a-myService
+spec:
+  ports:
+  - port: 7002
+  selector:
+    app: myApp
+    backend: bungie
+`)
+}
+
+func TestSmallOverlay(t *testing.T) {
+	th := kusttest_test.NewKustTestHarness(t, "/app/overlay")
+	writeSmallBase(th)
+	th.WriteK("/app/overlay", `
+namePrefix: b-
+commonLabels:
+  env: prod
+resources:
+- ../base
+patchesStrategicMerge:
+- deployment/deployment.yaml
+images:
+- name: whatever
+  newTag: 1.8.0
+`)
+
+	th.WriteF("/app/overlay/configmap/app.env", `
+DB_USERNAME=admin
+DB_PASSWORD=somepw
+`)
+	th.WriteF("/app/overlay/configmap/app-init.ini", `
+FOO=bar
+BAR=baz
+`)
+	th.WriteF("/app/overlay/deployment/deployment.yaml", `
+apiVersion: apps/v1
+kind: Deployment
+metadata:
+  name: myDeployment
+spec:
+  replicas: 1000
+`)
+	m, err := th.MakeKustTarget().MakeCustomizedResMap()
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("Err: %v", err)
+	}
+	th.AssertActualEqualsExpected(m, `
+apiVersion: apps/v1
+kind: Deployment
+metadata:
+  labels:
+    app: myApp
+    env: prod
+  name: b-a-myDeployment
+spec:
+  replicas: 1000
+  selector:
+    matchLabels:
+      app: myApp
+      env: prod
+  template:
+    metadata:
+      labels:
+        app: myApp
+        backend: awesome
+        env: prod
+    spec:
+      containers:
+      - image: whatever:1.8.0
+        name: whatever
+---
+apiVersion: v1
+kind: Service
+metadata:
+  labels:
+    app: myApp
+    env: prod
+  name: b-a-myService
+spec:
+  ports:
+  - port: 7002
+  selector:
+    app: myApp
+    backend: bungie
+    env: prod
+`)
+}
+
+func TestSharedPatchDisAllowed(t *testing.T) {
+	th := kusttest_test.NewKustTestHarnessFull(
+		t, "/app/overlay",
+		loader.RestrictionRootOnly, konfig.DisabledPluginConfig())
+	writeSmallBase(th)
+	th.WriteK("/app/overlay", `
+commonLabels:
+  env: prod
+resources:
+- ../base
+patchesStrategicMerge:
+- ../shared/deployment-patch.yaml
+`)
+	th.WriteF("/app/shared/deployment-patch.yaml", `
+apiVersion: apps/v1
+kind: Deployment
+metadata:
+  name: myDeployment
+spec:
+  replicas: 1000
+`)
+	_, err := th.MakeKustTarget().MakeCustomizedResMap()
+	if err == nil {
+		t.Fatalf("expected error")
+	}
+	if !strings.Contains(
+		err.Error(),
+		"security; file '/app/shared/deployment-patch.yaml' is not in or below '/app/overlay'") {
+		t.Fatalf("unexpected error: %s", err)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestSharedPatchAllowed(t *testing.T) {
+	th := kusttest_test.NewKustTestHarnessFull(
+		t, "/app/overlay",
+		loader.RestrictionNone, konfig.DisabledPluginConfig())
+	writeSmallBase(th)
+	th.WriteK("/app/overlay", `
+commonLabels:
+  env: prod
+resources:
+- ../base
+patchesStrategicMerge:
+- ../shared/deployment-patch.yaml
+`)
+	th.WriteF("/app/shared/deployment-patch.yaml", `
+apiVersion: apps/v1
+kind: Deployment
+metadata:
+  name: myDeployment
+spec:
+  replicas: 1000
+`)
+	m, err := th.MakeKustTarget().MakeCustomizedResMap()
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("Err: %v", err)
+	}
+	th.AssertActualEqualsExpected(m, `
+apiVersion: apps/v1
+kind: Deployment
+metadata:
+  labels:
+    app: myApp
+    env: prod
+  name: a-myDeployment
+spec:
+  replicas: 1000
+  selector:
+    matchLabels:
+      app: myApp
+      env: prod
+  template:
+    metadata:
+      labels:
+        app: myApp
+        backend: awesome
+        env: prod
+    spec:
+      containers:
+      - image: whatever
+        name: whatever
+---
+apiVersion: v1
+kind: Service
+metadata:
+  labels:
+    app: myApp
+    env: prod
+  name: a-myService
+spec:
+  ports:
+  - port: 7002
+  selector:
+    app: myApp
+    backend: bungie
+    env: prod
+`)
+}
+
+func TestSmallOverlayJSONPatch(t *testing.T) {
+	th := kusttest_test.NewKustTestHarness(t, "/app/overlay")
+	writeSmallBase(th)
+	th.WriteK("/app/overlay", `
+resources:
+- ../base
+patchesJson6902:
+- target:
+    version: v1
+    kind: Service
+    name: a-myService
+  path: service-patch.yaml
+`)
+
+	th.WriteF("/app/overlay/service-patch.yaml", `
+- op: add
+  path: /spec/selector/backend
+  value: beagle
+`)
+	m, err := th.MakeKustTarget().MakeCustomizedResMap()
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("Err: %v", err)
+	}
+	th.AssertActualEqualsExpected(m, `
+apiVersion: apps/v1
+kind: Deployment
+metadata:
+  labels:
+    app: myApp
+  name: a-myDeployment
+spec:
+  selector:
+    matchLabels:
+      app: myApp
+  template:
+    metadata:
+      labels:
+        app: myApp
+        backend: awesome
+    spec:
+      containers:
+      - image: whatever
+        name: whatever
+---
+apiVersion: v1
+kind: Service
+metadata:
+  labels:
+    app: myApp
+  name: a-myService
+spec:
+  ports:
+  - port: 7002
+  selector:
+    app: myApp
+    backend: beagle
+`)
+}

api/internal/target/basereusenameprefix_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,199 @@
+// Copyright 2019 The Kubernetes Authors.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+
+package target_test
+
+import (
+	"testing"
+
+	"sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/api/testutils/kusttest"
+)
+
+// Here is a structure of a kustomization of two components, component1
+// and component2, that both use a shared postgres definition, which
+// they would individually adjust. This test case checks that the name
+// prefix does not cause a name reference conflict.
+//
+//                   root
+//              /            \
+//  component1/overlay  component2/overlay
+//             |              |
+//    component1/base    component2/base
+//              \            /
+//                   base
+//
+// This is the directory layout:
+//
+// ├── component1
+// │   ├── base
+// │   │   └── kustomization.yaml
+// │   └── overlay
+// │       └── kustomization.yaml
+// ├── component2
+// │   ├── base
+// │   │   └── kustomization.yaml
+// │   └── overlay
+// │       └── kustomization.yaml
+// ├── shared
+// │   ├── kustomization.yaml
+// │   └── resources.yaml
+// ├── kustomization.yaml
+
+func TestBaseReuseNameConflict(t *testing.T) {
+	th := kusttest_test.NewKustTestHarness(t, "/app")
+	th.WriteK("/app/component1/base", `
+resources:
+  - ../../shared
+
+namePrefix: component1-
+`)
+	th.WriteK("/app/component1/overlay", `
+resources:
+  - ../base
+
+namePrefix: overlay-
+`)
+
+	th.WriteK("/app/component2/base", `
+resources:
+  - ../../shared
+
+namePrefix: component2-
+`)
+	th.WriteK("/app/component2/overlay", `
+resources:
+  - ../base
+
+namePrefix: overlay-
+`)
+
+	th.WriteK("/app/shared", `
+resources:
+  - resources.yaml
+`)
+	th.WriteF("/app/shared/resources.yaml", `
+---
+kind: PersistentVolumeClaim
+apiVersion: v1
+metadata:
+  name: postgres
+spec:
+  resources:
+    requests:
+      storage: 1Gi
+  accessModes:
+    - ReadWriteOnce
+---
+apiVersion: apps/v1
+kind: Deployment
+metadata:
+  name: postgres
+spec:
+  selector:
+    matchLabels: {}
+  strategy:
+    type: Recreate
+  template:
+    spec:
+      containers:
+        - name: postgres
+          image: postgres
+          imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent
+          volumeMounts:
+            - mountPath: /var/lib/postgresql
+              name: data
+          ports:
+            - name: postgres
+              containerPort: 5432
+      volumes:
+        - name: data
+          persistentVolumeClaim:
+            claimName: postgres
+`)
+
+	th.WriteK("/app", `
+resources:
+  - component1/overlay
+  - component2/overlay
+`)
+
+	m, err := th.MakeKustTarget().MakeCustomizedResMap()
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("Err: %v", err)
+	}
+	th.AssertActualEqualsExpected(m, `
+apiVersion: v1
+kind: PersistentVolumeClaim
+metadata:
+  name: overlay-component1-postgres
+spec:
+  accessModes:
+  - ReadWriteOnce
+  resources:
+    requests:
+      storage: 1Gi
+---
+apiVersion: apps/v1
+kind: Deployment
+metadata:
+  name: overlay-component1-postgres
+spec:
+  selector:
+    matchLabels: {}
+  strategy:
+    type: Recreate
+  template:
+    spec:
+      containers:
+      - image: postgres
+        imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent
+        name: postgres
+        ports:
+        - containerPort: 5432
+          name: postgres
+        volumeMounts:
+        - mountPath: /var/lib/postgresql
+          name: data
+      volumes:
+      - name: data
+        persistentVolumeClaim:
+          claimName: overlay-component1-postgres
+---
+apiVersion: v1
+kind: PersistentVolumeClaim
+metadata:
+  name: overlay-component2-postgres
+spec:
+  accessModes:
+  - ReadWriteOnce
+  resources:
+    requests:
+      storage: 1Gi
+---
+apiVersion: apps/v1
+kind: Deployment
+metadata:
+  name: overlay-component2-postgres
+spec:
+  selector:
+    matchLabels: {}
+  strategy:
+    type: Recreate
+  template:
+    spec:
+      containers:
+      - image: postgres
+        imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent
+        name: postgres
+        ports:
+        - containerPort: 5432
+          name: postgres
+        volumeMounts:
+        - mountPath: /var/lib/postgresql
+          name: data
+      volumes:
+      - name: data
+        persistentVolumeClaim:
+          claimName: overlay-component2-postgres
+`)
+}

api/internal/target/chartinflatorplugin_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,111 @@
+// +build notravis
+
+// Copyright 2019 The Kubernetes Authors.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+
+// Disabled on travis, because don't want to install helm on travis.
+
+package target_test
+
+import (
+	"regexp"
+	"testing"
+
+	"sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/api/testutils/kusttest"
+)
+
+// This is an example of using a helm chart as a base,
+// inflating it and then customizing it with a nameprefix
+// applied to all its resources.
+//
+// The helm chart used is downloaded from
+//   https://github.com/helm/charts/tree/master/stable/minecraft
+// with each test run, so it's a bit brittle as that
+// chart could change obviously and break the test.
+//
+// This test requires having the helm binary on the PATH.
+//
+// TODO: Download and inflate the chart, and check that
+// in for the test.
+func TestChartInflatorPlugin(t *testing.T) {
+	tc := kusttest_test.NewPluginTestEnv(t).Set()
+	defer tc.Reset()
+
+	tc.BuildExecPlugin(
+		"someteam.example.com", "v1", "ChartInflator")
+
+	th := kusttest_test.NewKustTestHarnessAllowPlugins(t, "/app")
+	th.WriteK("/app", `
+generators:
+- chartInflator.yaml
+namePrefix: LOOOOOOOONG-
+`)
+
+	th.WriteF("/app/chartInflator.yaml", `
+apiVersion: someteam.example.com/v1
+kind: ChartInflator
+metadata:
+  name: notImportantHere
+chartName: minecraft
+`)
+
+	m, err := th.MakeKustTarget().MakeCustomizedResMap()
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("Err: %v", err)
+	}
+	chartName := regexp.MustCompile("chart: minecraft-[0-9.]+")
+	th.AssertActualEqualsExpectedWithTweak(m,
+		func(x []byte) []byte {
+			return chartName.ReplaceAll(x, []byte("chart: minecraft-SOMEVERSION"))
+		}, `
+apiVersion: v1
+data:
+  rcon-password: Q0hBTkdFTUUh
+kind: Secret
+metadata:
+  labels:
+    app: release-name-minecraft
+    chart: minecraft-SOMEVERSION
+    heritage: Tiller
+    release: release-name
+  name: LOOOOOOOONG-release-name-minecraft
+type: Opaque
+---
+apiVersion: v1
+kind: PersistentVolumeClaim
+metadata:
+  annotations:
+    volume.alpha.kubernetes.io/storage-class: default
+  labels:
+    app: release-name-minecraft
+    chart: minecraft-SOMEVERSION
+    heritage: Tiller
+    release: release-name
+  name: LOOOOOOOONG-release-name-minecraft-datadir
+spec:
+  accessModes:
+  - ReadWriteOnce
+  resources:
+    requests:
+      storage: 1Gi
+---
+apiVersion: v1
+kind: Service
+metadata:
+  labels:
+    app: release-name-minecraft
+    chart: minecraft-SOMEVERSION
+    heritage: Tiller
+    release: release-name
+  name: LOOOOOOOONG-release-name-minecraft
+spec:
+  ports:
+  - name: minecraft
+    port: 25565
+    protocol: TCP
+    targetPort: minecraft
+  selector:
+    app: release-name-minecraft
+  type: LoadBalancer
+`)
+}

api/internal/target/complexcomposition_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,557 @@
+// Copyright 2019 The Kubernetes Authors.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+
+package target_test
+
+import (
+	"strings"
+	"testing"
+
+	"sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/api/testutils/kusttest"
+)
+
+const httpsService = `
+apiVersion: v1
+kind: Service
+metadata:
+  name: my-https-svc
+spec:
+  ports:
+  - port: 443
+    protocol: TCP
+    name: https
+  selector:
+    app: my-app
+`
+
+func writeStatefulSetBase(th *kusttest_test.KustTestHarness) {
+	th.WriteK("/app/base", `
+resources:
+- statefulset.yaml
+`)
+	th.WriteF("/app/base/statefulset.yaml", `
+apiVersion: apps/v1
+kind: StatefulSet
+metadata:
+  name: my-sts
+spec:
+  serviceName: my-svc
+  selector:
+    matchLabels:
+      app: my-app
+  template:
+    metadata:
+      labels:
+        app: my-app
+    spec:
+      containers:
+      - name: app
+        image: my-image
+  volumeClaimTemplates:
+  - spec:
+      storageClassName: default
+`)
+}
+
+func writeHTTPSOverlay(th *kusttest_test.KustTestHarness) {
+	th.WriteK("/app/https", `
+resources:
+- ../base
+- https-svc.yaml
+patchesStrategicMerge:
+- sts-patch.yaml
+`)
+	th.WriteF("/app/https/https-svc.yaml", httpsService)
+	th.WriteF("/app/https/sts-patch.yaml", `
+apiVersion: apps/v1
+kind: StatefulSet
+metadata:
+  name: my-sts
+spec:
+  serviceName: my-https-svc
+`)
+}
+
+func writeHTTPSTransformerRaw(th *kusttest_test.KustTestHarness) {
+	th.WriteF("/app/https/service/https-svc.yaml", httpsService)
+	th.WriteF("/app/https/transformer/transformer.yaml", `
+apiVersion: builtin
+kind: PatchTransformer
+metadata:
+  name: svcNameTran
+target: 
+  group: apps
+  version: v1
+  kind: StatefulSet
+  name: my-sts
+patch: |-
+  apiVersion: apps/v1
+  kind: StatefulSet
+  metadata:
+    name: my-sts
+  spec:
+    serviceName: my-https-svc
+`)
+}
+
+func writeHTTPSTransformerBase(th *kusttest_test.KustTestHarness) {
+	th.WriteK("/app/https/service", `
+resources:
+- https-svc.yaml
+`)
+	th.WriteK("/app/https/transformer", `
+resources:
+- transformer.yaml
+`)
+	writeHTTPSTransformerRaw(th)
+}
+
+func writeConfigFromEnvOverlay(th *kusttest_test.KustTestHarness) {
+	th.WriteK("/app/config", `
+resources:
+- ../base
+configMapGenerator:
+- name: my-config
+  literals:
+  - MY_ENV=foo
+generatorOptions:
+  disableNameSuffixHash: true
+patchesStrategicMerge:
+- sts-patch.yaml
+`)
+	th.WriteF("/app/config/sts-patch.yaml", `
+apiVersion: apps/v1
+kind: StatefulSet
+metadata:
+  name: my-sts
+spec:
+  template:
+    spec:
+      containers:
+      - name: app
+        envFrom:
+        - configMapRef:
+            name: my-config
+`)
+}
+
+func writeConfigFromEnvTransformerRaw(th *kusttest_test.KustTestHarness) {
+	th.WriteF("/app/config/map/generator.yaml", `
+apiVersion: builtin
+kind: ConfigMapGenerator
+metadata:
+  name: my-config
+disableNameSuffixHash: true
+literals:
+- MY_ENV=foo
+`)
+	th.WriteF("/app/config/transformer/transformer.yaml", `
+apiVersion: builtin
+kind: PatchTransformer
+metadata:
+  name: envFromConfigTrans
+target: 
+  group: apps
+  version: v1
+  kind: StatefulSet
+  name: my-sts
+patch: |-
+  apiVersion: apps/v1
+  kind: StatefulSet
+  metadata:
+    name: my-sts
+  spec:
+    template:
+      spec:
+        containers:
+        - name: app
+          envFrom:
+          - configMapRef:
+              name: my-config
+`)
+}
+func writeConfigFromEnvTransformerBase(th *kusttest_test.KustTestHarness) {
+	th.WriteK("/app/config/map", `
+resources:
+- generator.yaml
+`)
+	th.WriteK("/app/config/transformer", `
+resources:
+- transformer.yaml
+`)
+	writeConfigFromEnvTransformerRaw(th)
+}
+
+func writeTolerationsOverlay(th *kusttest_test.KustTestHarness) {
+	th.WriteK("/app/tolerations", `
+resources:
+- ../base
+patchesStrategicMerge:
+- sts-patch.yaml
+`)
+	th.WriteF("/app/tolerations/sts-patch.yaml", `
+apiVersion: apps/v1
+kind: StatefulSet
+metadata:
+  name: my-sts
+spec:
+  template:
+    spec:
+      tolerations:
+      - effect: NoExecute
+        key: node.kubernetes.io/not-ready
+        tolerationSeconds: 30
+`)
+}
+
+func writeTolerationsTransformerRaw(th *kusttest_test.KustTestHarness) {
+	th.WriteF("/app/tolerations/transformer.yaml", `
+apiVersion: builtin
+kind: PatchTransformer
+metadata:
+  name: tolTrans
+target: 
+  group: apps
+  version: v1
+  kind: StatefulSet
+  name: my-sts
+patch: |-
+  apiVersion: apps/v1
+  kind: StatefulSet
+  metadata:
+    name: my-sts
+  spec:
+    template:
+      spec:
+        tolerations:
+        - effect: NoExecute
+          key: node.kubernetes.io/not-ready
+          tolerationSeconds: 30
+`)
+}
+
+func writeTolerationsTransformerBase(th *kusttest_test.KustTestHarness) {
+	th.WriteK("/app/tolerations", `
+resources:
+- transformer.yaml
+`)
+	writeTolerationsTransformerRaw(th)
+}
+
+func writeStorageOverlay(th *kusttest_test.KustTestHarness) {
+	th.WriteK("/app/storage", `
+resources:
+- ../base
+patchesJson6902:
+- target:
+    group: apps
+    version: v1
+    kind: StatefulSet
+    name: my-sts
+  path: sts-patch.json
+`)
+	th.WriteF("/app/storage/sts-patch.json", `
+[{"op": "replace", "path": "/spec/volumeClaimTemplates/0/spec/storageClassName", "value": "my-sc"}]
+`)
+}
+
+func writeStorageTransformerRaw(th *kusttest_test.KustTestHarness) {
+	th.WriteF("/app/storage/transformer.yaml", `
+apiVersion: builtin
+kind: PatchTransformer
+metadata:
+  name: storageTrans
+target: 
+  group: apps
+  version: v1
+  kind: StatefulSet
+  name: my-sts
+patch: |-
+  [{"op": "replace", "path": "/spec/volumeClaimTemplates/0/spec/storageClassName", "value": "my-sc"}]
+`)
+}
+
+func writeStorageTransformerBase(th *kusttest_test.KustTestHarness) {
+	th.WriteK("/app/storage", `
+resources:
+- transformer.yaml
+`)
+	writeStorageTransformerRaw(th)
+}
+
+func writePatchingOverlays(th *kusttest_test.KustTestHarness) {
+	writeStorageOverlay(th)
+	writeConfigFromEnvOverlay(th)
+	writeTolerationsOverlay(th)
+	writeHTTPSOverlay(th)
+}
+
+func writePatchingTransformersRaw(th *kusttest_test.KustTestHarness) {
+	writeStorageTransformerRaw(th)
+	writeConfigFromEnvTransformerRaw(th)
+	writeTolerationsTransformerRaw(th)
+	writeHTTPSTransformerRaw(th)
+}
+
+// Similar to writePatchingTransformersRaw, except here the
+// transformers and related artifacts are addressable as _bases_.
+// They are listed in a kustomization file, and consumers of
+// the plugin refer to the kustomization instead of to the local
+// file in the "transformers:" field.
+//
+// Using bases makes the set of files relocatable with
+// respect to the overlays, and avoids the need to relax load
+// restrictions on file paths reaching outside the `dev` and
+// `prod` kustomization roots.  I.e. with bases tests can use
+// NewKustTestHarness instead of NewKustTestHarnessNoLoadRestrictor.
+//
+// Using transformer plugins from _bases_ means the plugin config
+// must be self-contained, i.e. the config may not have fields that
+// refer to local files, since those files won't be present when
+// the plugin is instantiated and used.
+func writePatchingTransformerBases(th *kusttest_test.KustTestHarness) {
+	writeStorageTransformerBase(th)
+	writeConfigFromEnvTransformerBase(th)
+	writeTolerationsTransformerBase(th)
+	writeHTTPSTransformerBase(th)
+}
+
+// Here's a complex kustomization scenario that combines multiple overlays
+// on a common base:
+//
+//                 dev                       prod
+//                  |                         |
+//                  |                         |
+//        + ------- +          + ------------ + ------------- +
+//        |         |          |              |               |
+//        |         |          |              |               |
+//        v         |          v              v               v
+//     storage      + -----> config       tolerations       https
+//        |                    |              |               |
+//        |                    |              |               |
+//        |                    + --- +  + --- +               |
+//        |                          |  |                     |
+//        |                          v  v                     |
+//        + -----------------------> base <------------------ +
+//
+// The base resource is a statefulset. Each intermediate overlay manages or
+// generates new resources and patches different aspects of the same base
+// resource, without using any of the `namePrefix`, `nameSuffix` or `namespace`
+// kustomization keywords.
+//
+// Intermediate overlays:
+//   - storage: Changes the storage class of the stateful set with a JSON patch.
+//   - config: Generates a config map and adds a field as an environment
+//             variable.
+//   - tolerations: Adds a new tolerations field in the spec.
+//   - https: Adds a new service resource and changes the service name in the
+//            stateful set.
+//
+// Top overlays:
+//   - dev: Combines the storage and config intermediate overlays.
+//   - prod: Combines the config, tolerations and https intermediate overlays.
+
+func TestComplexComposition_Dev_Failure(t *testing.T) {
+	th := kusttest_test.NewKustTestHarness(t, "/app/dev")
+	writeStatefulSetBase(th)
+	writePatchingOverlays(th)
+	th.WriteK("/app/dev", `
+resources:
+- ../storage
+- ../config
+`)
+	_, err := th.MakeKustTarget().MakeCustomizedResMap()
+	if err == nil {
+		t.Fatalf("Expected resource accumulation error")
+	}
+	if !strings.Contains(
+		err.Error(), "already registered id: apps_v1_StatefulSet|~X|my-sts") {
+		t.Fatalf("Unexpected err: %v", err)
+	}
+}
+
+const devDesiredResult = `
+apiVersion: apps/v1
+kind: StatefulSet
+metadata:
+  name: my-sts
+spec:
+  selector:
+    matchLabels:
+      app: my-app
+  serviceName: my-svc
+  template:
+    metadata:
+      labels:
+        app: my-app
+    spec:
+      containers:
+      - envFrom:
+        - configMapRef:
+            name: my-config
+        image: my-image
+        name: app
+  volumeClaimTemplates:
+  - spec:
+      storageClassName: my-sc
+---
+apiVersion: v1
+data:
+  MY_ENV: foo
+kind: ConfigMap
+metadata:
+  name: my-config
+`
+
+func TestComplexComposition_Dev_SuccessWithRawTransformers(t *testing.T) {
+	th := kusttest_test.NewKustTestHarnessNoLoadRestrictor(t, "/app/dev")
+	writeStatefulSetBase(th)
+	writePatchingTransformersRaw(th)
+	th.WriteK("/app/dev", `
+resources:
+- ../base
+generators:
+- ../config/map/generator.yaml
+transformers:
+- ../config/transformer/transformer.yaml
+- ../storage/transformer.yaml
+`)
+	m, err := th.MakeKustTarget().MakeCustomizedResMap()
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("Unexpected err: %v", err)
+	}
+	th.AssertActualEqualsExpected(m, devDesiredResult)
+}
+
+func TestComplexComposition_Dev_SuccessWithBaseTransformers(t *testing.T) {
+	th := kusttest_test.NewKustTestHarness(t, "/app/dev")
+	writeStatefulSetBase(th)
+	writePatchingTransformerBases(th)
+	th.WriteK("/app/dev", `
+resources:
+- ../base
+generators:
+- ../config/map
+transformers:
+- ../config/transformer
+- ../storage
+`)
+	m, err := th.MakeKustTarget().MakeCustomizedResMap()
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("Unexpected err: %v", err)
+	}
+	th.AssertActualEqualsExpected(m, devDesiredResult)
+}
+
+func TestComplexComposition_Prod_Failure(t *testing.T) {
+	th := kusttest_test.NewKustTestHarness(t, "/app/prod")
+	writeStatefulSetBase(th)
+	writePatchingOverlays(th)
+	th.WriteK("/app/prod", `
+resources:
+- ../config
+- ../tolerations
+- ../https
+`)
+	_, err := th.MakeKustTarget().MakeCustomizedResMap()
+	if err == nil {
+		t.Fatalf("Expected resource accumulation error")
+	}
+	if !strings.Contains(
+		err.Error(), "already registered id: apps_v1_StatefulSet|~X|my-sts") {
+		t.Fatalf("Unexpected err: %v", err)
+	}
+}
+
+const prodDesiredResult = `
+apiVersion: apps/v1
+kind: StatefulSet
+metadata:
+  name: my-sts
+spec:
+  selector:
+    matchLabels:
+      app: my-app
+  serviceName: my-https-svc
+  template:
+    metadata:
+      labels:
+        app: my-app
+    spec:
+      containers:
+      - envFrom:
+        - configMapRef:
+            name: my-config
+        image: my-image
+        name: app
+      tolerations:
+      - effect: NoExecute
+        key: node.kubernetes.io/not-ready
+        tolerationSeconds: 30
+  volumeClaimTemplates:
+  - spec:
+      storageClassName: default
+---
+apiVersion: v1
+kind: Service
+metadata:
+  name: my-https-svc
+spec:
+  ports:
+  - name: https
+    port: 443
+    protocol: TCP
+  selector:
+    app: my-app
+---
+apiVersion: v1
+data:
+  MY_ENV: foo
+kind: ConfigMap
+metadata:
+  name: my-config
+`
+
+func TestComplexComposition_Prod_SuccessWithRawTransformers(t *testing.T) {
+	th := kusttest_test.NewKustTestHarnessNoLoadRestrictor(t, "/app/prod")
+	writeStatefulSetBase(th)
+	writePatchingTransformersRaw(th)
+	th.WriteK("/app/prod", `
+resources:
+- ../base
+- ../https/service/https-svc.yaml
+generators:
+- ../config/map/generator.yaml
+transformers:
+- ../config/transformer/transformer.yaml
+- ../https/transformer/transformer.yaml
+- ../tolerations/transformer.yaml
+`)
+	m, err := th.MakeKustTarget().MakeCustomizedResMap()
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("Unexpected err: %v", err)
+	}
+	th.AssertActualEqualsExpected(m, prodDesiredResult)
+}
+
+func TestComplexComposition_Prod_SuccessWithBaseTransformers(t *testing.T) {
+	th := kusttest_test.NewKustTestHarness(t, "/app/prod")
+	writeStatefulSetBase(th)
+	writePatchingTransformerBases(th)
+	th.WriteK("/app/prod", `
+resources:
+- ../base
+- ../https/service
+generators:
+- ../config/map
+transformers:
+- ../config/transformer
+- ../https/transformer
+- ../tolerations
+`)
+	m, err := th.MakeKustTarget().MakeCustomizedResMap()
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("Unexpected err: %v", err)
+	}
+	th.AssertActualEqualsExpected(m, prodDesiredResult)
+}

api/internal/target/configmaps_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,313 @@
+/*
+Copyright 2018 The Kubernetes Authors.
+
+Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+    http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+limitations under the License.
+*/
+
+package target_test
+
+import (
+	"testing"
+
+	"sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/api/testutils/kusttest"
+)
+
+// Generate a Secret and a ConfigMap from the same data
+// to compare the result.
+func TestGeneratorBasics(t *testing.T) {
+	th := kusttest_test.NewKustTestHarness(t, "/app")
+	th.WriteK("/app", `
+namePrefix: blah-
+configMapGenerator:
+- name: bob
+  literals:
+  - fruit=apple
+  - vegetable=broccoli
+  envs:
+  - foo.env
+  files:
+  - passphrase=phrase.dat
+  - forces.txt
+- name: json
+  literals:
+  - 'v2=[{"path": "var/druid/segment-cache"}]'
+  - >- 
+    druid_segmentCache_locations=[{"path": 
+    "var/druid/segment-cache", 
+    "maxSize": 32000000000, 
+    "freeSpacePercent": 1.0}]
+secretGenerator:
+- name: bob
+  literals:
+  - fruit=apple
+  - vegetable=broccoli
+  envs:
+  - foo.env
+  files:
+  - passphrase=phrase.dat
+  - forces.txt
+`)
+	th.WriteF("/app/foo.env", `
+MOUNTAIN=everest
+OCEAN=pacific
+`)
+	th.WriteF("/app/phrase.dat", `
+Life is short.
+But the years are long.
+Not while the evil days come not.
+`)
+	th.WriteF("/app/forces.txt", `
+gravitational
+electromagnetic
+strong nuclear
+weak nuclear
+`)
+	m, err := th.MakeKustTarget().MakeCustomizedResMap()
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("Err: %v", err)
+	}
+	th.AssertActualEqualsExpected(m, `
+apiVersion: v1
+data:
+  MOUNTAIN: everest
+  OCEAN: pacific
+  forces.txt: |2
+
+    gravitational
+    electromagnetic
+    strong nuclear
+    weak nuclear
+  fruit: apple
+  passphrase: |2
+
+    Life is short.
+    But the years are long.
+    Not while the evil days come not.
+  vegetable: broccoli
+kind: ConfigMap
+metadata:
+  name: blah-bob-k772g5db55
+---
+apiVersion: v1
+data:
+  druid_segmentCache_locations: '[{"path":  "var/druid/segment-cache",  "maxSize":
+    32000000000,  "freeSpacePercent": 1.0}]'
+  v2: '[{"path": "var/druid/segment-cache"}]'
+kind: ConfigMap
+metadata:
+  name: blah-json-9gtcc2fgb4
+---
+apiVersion: v1
+data:
+  MOUNTAIN: ZXZlcmVzdA==
+  OCEAN: cGFjaWZpYw==
+  forces.txt: CmdyYXZpdGF0aW9uYWwKZWxlY3Ryb21hZ25ldGljCnN0cm9uZyBudWNsZWFyCndlYWsgbnVjbGVhcgo=
+  fruit: YXBwbGU=
+  passphrase: CkxpZmUgaXMgc2hvcnQuCkJ1dCB0aGUgeWVhcnMgYXJlIGxvbmcuCk5vdCB3aGlsZSB0aGUgZXZpbCBkYXlzIGNvbWUgbm90Lgo=
+  vegetable: YnJvY2NvbGk=
+kind: Secret
+metadata:
+  name: blah-bob-gmc2824f4b
+type: Opaque
+`)
+}
+
+// TODO: These should be errors instead.
+func TestGeneratorRepeatsInKustomization(t *testing.T) {
+	th := kusttest_test.NewKustTestHarness(t, "/app")
+	th.WriteK("/app", `
+namePrefix: blah-
+configMapGenerator:
+- name: bob
+  behavior: create
+  literals:
+  - bean=pinto
+  - star=wolf-rayet
+  literals:
+  - fruit=apple
+  - vegetable=broccoli
+  files:
+  - forces.txt
+  files:
+  - nobles=nobility.txt
+`)
+	th.WriteF("/app/forces.txt", `
+gravitational
+electromagnetic
+strong nuclear
+weak nuclear
+`)
+	th.WriteF("/app/nobility.txt", `
+helium
+neon
+argon
+krypton
+xenon
+radon
+`)
+	m, err := th.MakeKustTarget().MakeCustomizedResMap()
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("Err: %v", err)
+	}
+	th.AssertActualEqualsExpected(m, `
+apiVersion: v1
+data:
+  fruit: apple
+  nobles: |2
+
+    helium
+    neon
+    argon
+    krypton
+    xenon
+    radon
+  vegetable: broccoli
+kind: ConfigMap
+metadata:
+  name: blah-bob-gfkcbk5ckf
+`)
+}
+
+func TestGeneratorOverlays(t *testing.T) {
+	th := kusttest_test.NewKustTestHarness(t, "/app/overlay")
+	th.WriteK("/app/base1", `
+namePrefix: p1-
+configMapGenerator:
+- name: com1
+  behavior: create
+  literals:
+  - from=base
+`)
+	th.WriteK("/app/base2", `
+namePrefix: p2-
+configMapGenerator:
+- name: com2
+  behavior: create
+  literals:
+  - from=base
+`)
+	th.WriteK("/app/overlay/o1", `
+resources:
+- ../../base1
+configMapGenerator:
+- name: com1
+  behavior: merge
+  literals:
+  - from=overlay
+`)
+	th.WriteK("/app/overlay/o2", `
+resources:
+- ../../base2
+configMapGenerator:
+- name: com2
+  behavior: merge
+  literals:
+  - from=overlay
+`)
+	th.WriteK("/app/overlay", `
+resources:
+- o1
+- o2
+configMapGenerator:
+- name: com1
+  behavior: merge
+  literals:
+  - foo=bar
+  - baz=qux
+`)
+	m, err := th.MakeKustTarget().MakeCustomizedResMap()
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("Err: %v", err)
+	}
+	th.AssertActualEqualsExpected(m, `
+apiVersion: v1
+data:
+  baz: qux
+  foo: bar
+  from: overlay
+kind: ConfigMap
+metadata:
+  annotations: {}
+  labels: {}
+  name: p1-com1-dhbbm922gd
+---
+apiVersion: v1
+data:
+  from: overlay
+kind: ConfigMap
+metadata:
+  annotations: {}
+  labels: {}
+  name: p2-com2-c4b8md75k9
+`)
+}
+
+func TestConfigMapGeneratorMergeNamePrefix(t *testing.T) {
+	th := kusttest_test.NewKustTestHarness(t, "/app")
+	th.WriteK("/app/base", `
+configMapGenerator:
+- name: cm
+  behavior: create
+  literals:
+  - foo=bar
+`)
+	th.WriteK("/app/o1", `
+resources:
+- ../base
+namePrefix: o1-
+`)
+	th.WriteK("/app/o2", `
+resources:
+- ../base
+nameSuffix: -o2
+`)
+	th.WriteK("/app", `
+resources:
+- o1
+- o2
+configMapGenerator:
+- name: o1-cm
+  behavior: merge
+  literals:
+  - big=bang
+- name: cm-o2
+  behavior: merge
+  literals:
+  - big=crunch
+`)
+	m, err := th.MakeKustTarget().MakeCustomizedResMap()
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("Err: %v", err)
+	}
+	th.AssertActualEqualsExpected(m, `
+apiVersion: v1
+data:
+  big: bang
+  foo: bar
+kind: ConfigMap
+metadata:
+  annotations: {}
+  labels: {}
+  name: o1-cm-28g596k77k
+---
+apiVersion: v1
+data:
+  big: crunch
+  foo: bar
+kind: ConfigMap
+metadata:
+  annotations: {}
+  labels: {}
+  name: cm-o2-gfcc59fg5m
+`)
+}

api/internal/target/crd_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,384 @@
+/*
+Copyright 2018 The Kubernetes Authors.
+
+Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+    http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+limitations under the License.
+*/
+
+package target_test
+
+import (
+	"testing"
+
+	"sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/api/testutils/kusttest"
+)
+
+func writeBaseWithCrd(th *kusttest_test.KustTestHarness) {
+	th.WriteK("/app/base", `
+apiVersion: kustomize.config.k8s.io/v1beta1
+kind: Kustomization
+crds:
+- mycrd.json
+
+resources:
+- secret.yaml
+- mykind.yaml
+- bee.yaml
+
+namePrefix: x-
+`)
+	th.WriteF("/app/base/bee.yaml", `
+apiVersion: v1beta1
+kind: Bee
+metadata:
+  name: bee
+spec:
+  action: fly
+`)
+	th.WriteF("/app/base/mykind.yaml", `
+apiVersion: jingfang.example.com/v1beta1
+kind: MyKind
+metadata:
+  name: mykind
+spec:
+  secretRef:
+    name: crdsecret
+  beeRef:
+    name: bee
+`)
+	th.WriteF("/app/base/secret.yaml", `
+apiVersion: v1
+kind: Secret
+metadata:
+  name: crdsecret
+data:
+  PATH: yellowBrickRoad
+`)
+	th.WriteF("/app/base/mycrd.json", `
+{
+  "github.com/example/pkg/apis/jingfang/v1beta1.Bee": {
+    "Schema": {
+      "description": "Bee",
+      "properties": {
+        "apiVersion": {
+          "description": "APIVersion defines the versioned schema of this representation of an object.",
+          "type": "string"
+        },
+        "kind": {
+          "description": "Kind is a string value representing the REST resource this object represents.",
+          "type": "string"
+        },
+        "metadata": {
+          "$ref": "sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/pseudo/k8s/apimachinery/pkg/apis/meta/v1.ObjectMeta"
+        },
+        "spec": {
+          "$ref": "github.com/example/pkg/apis/jingfang/v1beta1.BeeSpec"
+        },
+        "status": {
+          "$ref": "github.com/example/pkg/apis/jingfang/v1beta1.BeeStatus"
+        }
+      }
+    },
+    "Dependencies": [
+      "github.com/example/pkg/apis/jingfang/v1beta1.BeeSpec",
+      "github.com/example/pkg/apis/jingfang/v1beta1.BeeStatus",
+      "sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/pseudo/k8s/apimachinery/pkg/apis/meta/v1.ObjectMeta"
+    ]
+  },
+  "github.com/example/pkg/apis/jingfang/v1beta1.BeeList": {
+    "Schema": {
+      "required": [
+        "items"
+      ],
+      "properties": {
+        "apiVersion": {
+          "description": "APIVersion defines the versioned schema of this representation of an object.",
+          "type": "string"
+        },
+        "items": {
+          "type": "array",
+          "items": {
+            "$ref": "github.com/example/pkg/apis/jingfang/v1beta1.Bee"
+          }
+        },
+        "kind": {
+          "description": "Kind is a string value representing the REST resource this object represents.",
+          "type": "string"
+        },
+        "metadata": {
+          "$ref": "sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/pseudo/k8s/apimachinery/pkg/apis/meta/v1.ListMeta"
+        }
+      }
+    },
+    "Dependencies": [
+      "github.com/example/pkg/apis/jingfang/v1beta1.Bee",
+      "sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/pseudo/k8s/apimachinery/pkg/apis/meta/v1.ListMeta"
+    ]
+  },
+  "github.com/example/pkg/apis/jingfang/v1beta1.BeeObjectReference": {
+    "Schema": {
+      "properties": {
+        "name": {
+          "type": "string"
+        }
+      }
+    },
+    "Dependencies": []
+  },
+  "github.com/example/pkg/apis/jingfang/v1beta1.BeeSpec": {
+    "Schema": {
+      "description": "BeeSpec defines the desired state of Bee"
+    },
+    "Dependencies": []
+  },
+  "github.com/example/pkg/apis/jingfang/v1beta1.BeeStatus": {
+    "Schema": {
+      "description": "BeeStatus defines the observed state of Bee"
+    },
+    "Dependencies": []
+  },
+  "github.com/example/pkg/apis/jingfang/v1beta1.MyKind": {
+    "Schema": {
+      "description": "MyKind",
+      "properties": {
+        "apiVersion": {
+          "description": "APIVersion defines the versioned schema of this representation of an object.",
+          "type": "string"
+        },
+        "kind": {
+          "description": "Kind is a string value representing the REST resource this object represents.",
+          "type": "string"
+        },
+        "metadata": {
+          "$ref": "sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/pseudo/k8s/apimachinery/pkg/apis/meta/v1.ObjectMeta"
+        },
+        "spec": {
+          "$ref": "github.com/example/pkg/apis/jingfang/v1beta1.MyKindSpec"
+        },
+        "status": {
+          "$ref": "github.com/example/pkg/apis/jingfang/v1beta1.MyKindStatus"
+        }
+      }
+    },
+    "Dependencies": [
+      "github.com/example/pkg/apis/jingfang/v1beta1.MyKindSpec",
+      "github.com/example/pkg/apis/jingfang/v1beta1.MyKindStatus",
+      "sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/pseudo/k8s/apimachinery/pkg/apis/meta/v1.ObjectMeta"
+    ]
+  },
+  "github.com/example/pkg/apis/jingfang/v1beta1.MyKindList": {
+    "Schema": {
+      "required": [
+        "items"
+      ],
+      "properties": {
+        "apiVersion": {
+          "description": "APIVersion defines the versioned schema of this representation of an object.",
+          "type": "string"
+        },
+        "items": {
+          "type": "array",
+          "items": {
+            "$ref": "github.com/example/pkg/apis/jingfang/v1beta1.MyKind"
+          }
+        },
+        "kind": {
+          "description": "Kind is a string value representing the REST resource this object represents.",
+          "type": "string"
+        },
+        "metadata": {
+          "$ref": "sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/pseudo/k8s/apimachinery/pkg/apis/meta/v1.ListMeta"
+        }
+      }
+    },
+    "Dependencies": [
+      "github.com/example/pkg/apis/jingfang/v1beta1.MyKind",
+      "sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/pseudo/k8s/apimachinery/pkg/apis/meta/v1.ListMeta"
+    ]
+  },
+  "github.com/example/pkg/apis/jingfang/v1beta1.MyKindSpec": {
+    "Schema": {
+      "description": "MyKindSpec defines the desired state of MyKind",
+      "properties": {
+        "beeRef": {
+          "x-kubernetes-object-ref-api-version": "v1beta1",
+          "x-kubernetes-object-ref-kind": "Bee",
+          "$ref": "github.com/example/pkg/apis/jingfang/v1beta1.BeeObjectReference"
+        },
+        "secretRef": {
+          "description": "If defined, use this secret for configuring the MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD",
+          "x-kubernetes-object-ref-api-version": "v1",
+          "x-kubernetes-object-ref-kind": "Secret",
+          "$ref": "sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/pseudo/k8s/api/core/v1.LocalObjectReference"
+        }
+      }
+    },
+    "Dependencies": [
+      "github.com/example/pkg/apis/jingfang/v1beta1.BeeObjectReference",
+      "sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/pseudo/k8s/api/core/v1.LocalObjectReference"
+    ]
+  },
+  "github.com/example/pkg/apis/jingfang/v1beta1.MyKindStatus": {
+    "Schema": {
+      "description": "MyKindStatus defines the observed state of MyKind"
+    },
+    "Dependencies": []
+  }
+}
+`)
+}
+
+func TestCrdBase(t *testing.T) {
+	th := kusttest_test.NewKustTestHarness(t, "/app/base")
+	writeBaseWithCrd(th)
+	m, err := th.MakeKustTarget().MakeCustomizedResMap()
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("Err: %v", err)
+	}
+	th.AssertActualEqualsExpected(m, `
+apiVersion: v1
+data:
+  PATH: yellowBrickRoad
+kind: Secret
+metadata:
+  name: x-crdsecret
+---
+apiVersion: jingfang.example.com/v1beta1
+kind: MyKind
+metadata:
+  name: x-mykind
+spec:
+  beeRef:
+    name: x-bee
+  secretRef:
+    name: x-crdsecret
+---
+apiVersion: v1beta1
+kind: Bee
+metadata:
+  name: x-bee
+spec:
+  action: fly
+`)
+}
+
+func TestCrdWithOverlay(t *testing.T) {
+	th := kusttest_test.NewKustTestHarness(t, "/app/overlay")
+	writeBaseWithCrd(th)
+	th.WriteK("/app/overlay", `
+apiVersion: kustomize.config.k8s.io/v1beta1
+kind: Kustomization
+namePrefix: prod-
+resources:
+- ../base
+patchesStrategicMerge:
+- bee.yaml
+`)
+	th.WriteF("/app/overlay/bee.yaml", `
+apiVersion: v1beta1
+kind: Bee
+metadata:
+  name: bee
+spec:
+  action: makehoney
+`)
+	m, err := th.MakeKustTarget().MakeCustomizedResMap()
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("Err: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	th.AssertActualEqualsExpected(m, `
+apiVersion: v1
+data:
+  PATH: yellowBrickRoad
+kind: Secret
+metadata:
+  name: prod-x-crdsecret
+---
+apiVersion: jingfang.example.com/v1beta1
+kind: MyKind
+metadata:
+  name: prod-x-mykind
+spec:
+  beeRef:
+    name: prod-x-bee
+  secretRef:
+    name: prod-x-crdsecret
+---
+apiVersion: v1beta1
+kind: Bee
+metadata:
+  name: prod-x-bee
+spec:
+  action: makehoney
+`)
+}
+
+func TestCrdWithContainers(t *testing.T) {
+	th := kusttest_test.NewKustTestHarness(t, "/app/crd/containers")
+	th.WriteK("/app/crd/containers", `
+apiVersion: kustomize.config.k8s.io/v1beta1
+kind: Kustomization
+resources:
+  - crd.yaml
+images:
+  - name: test/test
+    newName: registry.gitlab.com/test
+    newTag: latest
+`)
+	th.WriteF("/app/crd/containers/crd.yaml", `
+apiVersion: apiextensions.k8s.io/v1beta1
+kind: CustomResourceDefinition
+metadata:
+  name: crontabs.stable.example.com
+spec:
+  group: stable.example.com
+  scope: Namespaced
+  names:
+    plural: crontabs
+    singular: crontab
+    kind: CronTab
+    shortNames:
+    - ct
+  validation:
+    openAPIV3Schema:
+      properties:
+        spec:
+          containers:
+            description: Containers allows injecting additional containers
+  `)
+	m, err := th.MakeKustTarget().MakeCustomizedResMap()
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("Err: %v", err)
+	}
+	th.AssertActualEqualsExpected(m, `
+apiVersion: apiextensions.k8s.io/v1beta1
+kind: CustomResourceDefinition
+metadata:
+  name: crontabs.stable.example.com
+spec:
+  group: stable.example.com
+  names:
+    kind: CronTab
+    plural: crontabs
+    shortNames:
+    - ct
+    singular: crontab
+  scope: Namespaced
+  validation:
+    openAPIV3Schema:
+      properties:
+        spec:
+          containers:
+            description: Containers allows injecting additional containers
+`)
+}

api/internal/target/customconfig_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,332 @@
+/*
+Copyright 2018 The Kubernetes Authors.
+
+Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+    http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+limitations under the License.
+*/
+
+package target_test
+
+import (
+	"testing"
+
+	"sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/api/testutils/kusttest"
+)
+
+func makeBaseReferencingCustomConfig(th *kusttest_test.KustTestHarness) {
+	th.WriteK("/app/base", `
+namePrefix: x-
+commonLabels:
+  app: myApp
+vars:
+- name: APRIL_DIET
+  objref:
+    kind: Giraffe
+    name: april
+  fieldref:
+    fieldpath: spec.diet
+- name: KOKO_DIET
+  objref:
+    kind: Gorilla
+    name: koko
+  fieldref:
+    fieldpath: spec.diet
+resources:
+- animalPark.yaml
+- giraffes.yaml
+- gorilla.yaml
+configurations:
+- config/defaults.yaml
+- config/custom.yaml
+`)
+	th.WriteF("/app/base/giraffes.yaml", `
+kind: Giraffe
+metadata:
+  name: april
+spec:
+  diet: mimosa
+  location: NE
+---
+kind: Giraffe
+metadata:
+  name: may
+spec:
+  diet: acacia
+  location: SE
+`)
+	th.WriteF("/app/base/gorilla.yaml", `
+kind: Gorilla
+metadata:
+  name: koko
+spec:
+  diet: bambooshoots
+  location: SW
+`)
+	th.WriteF("/app/base/animalPark.yaml", `
+kind: AnimalPark
+metadata:
+  name: sandiego
+spec:
+  gorillaRef:
+    name: koko
+  giraffeRef:
+    name: april
+  food:
+  - "$(APRIL_DIET)"
+  - "$(KOKO_DIET)"
+`)
+}
+
+func TestCustomConfig(t *testing.T) {
+	th := kusttest_test.NewKustTestHarness(t, "/app/base")
+	makeBaseReferencingCustomConfig(th)
+	th.WriteDefaultConfigs("/app/base/config/defaults.yaml")
+	th.WriteF("/app/base/config/custom.yaml", `
+nameReference:
+- kind: Gorilla
+  fieldSpecs:
+  - kind: AnimalPark
+    path: spec/gorillaRef/name
+- kind: Giraffe
+  fieldSpecs:
+  - kind: AnimalPark
+    path: spec/giraffeRef/name
+varReference:
+- path: spec/food
+  kind: AnimalPark
+`)
+	m, err := th.MakeKustTarget().MakeCustomizedResMap()
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("Err: %v", err)
+	}
+	th.AssertActualEqualsExpected(m, `
+kind: AnimalPark
+metadata:
+  labels:
+    app: myApp
+  name: x-sandiego
+spec:
+  food:
+  - mimosa
+  - bambooshoots
+  giraffeRef:
+    name: x-april
+  gorillaRef:
+    name: x-koko
+---
+kind: Giraffe
+metadata:
+  labels:
+    app: myApp
+  name: x-april
+spec:
+  diet: mimosa
+  location: NE
+---
+kind: Giraffe
+metadata:
+  labels:
+    app: myApp
+  name: x-may
+spec:
+  diet: acacia
+  location: SE
+---
+kind: Gorilla
+metadata:
+  labels:
+    app: myApp
+  name: x-koko
+spec:
+  diet: bambooshoots
+  location: SW
+`)
+}
+
+func TestCustomConfigWithDefaultOverspecification(t *testing.T) {
+	th := kusttest_test.NewKustTestHarness(t, "/app/base")
+	makeBaseReferencingCustomConfig(th)
+	th.WriteDefaultConfigs("/app/base/config/defaults.yaml")
+	// Specifying namePrefix here conflicts with (is the same as)
+	// the defaults written above.  This is intentional in the
+	// test to assure duplicate config doesn't cause problems.
+	th.WriteF("/app/base/config/custom.yaml", `
+namePrefix:
+- path: metadata/name
+nameReference:
+- kind: Gorilla
+  fieldSpecs:
+  - kind: AnimalPark
+    path: spec/gorillaRef/name
+- kind: Giraffe
+  fieldSpecs:
+  - kind: AnimalPark
+    path: spec/giraffeRef/name
+varReference:
+- path: spec/food
+  kind: AnimalPark
+`)
+	m, err := th.MakeKustTarget().MakeCustomizedResMap()
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("Err: %v", err)
+	}
+	th.AssertActualEqualsExpected(m, `
+kind: AnimalPark
+metadata:
+  labels:
+    app: myApp
+  name: x-sandiego
+spec:
+  food:
+  - mimosa
+  - bambooshoots
+  giraffeRef:
+    name: x-april
+  gorillaRef:
+    name: x-koko
+---
+kind: Giraffe
+metadata:
+  labels:
+    app: myApp
+  name: x-april
+spec:
+  diet: mimosa
+  location: NE
+---
+kind: Giraffe
+metadata:
+  labels:
+    app: myApp
+  name: x-may
+spec:
+  diet: acacia
+  location: SE
+---
+kind: Gorilla
+metadata:
+  labels:
+    app: myApp
+  name: x-koko
+spec:
+  diet: bambooshoots
+  location: SW
+`)
+}
+
+func TestFixedBug605_BaseCustomizationAvailableInOverlay(t *testing.T) {
+	th := kusttest_test.NewKustTestHarness(t, "/app/overlay")
+	makeBaseReferencingCustomConfig(th)
+	th.WriteDefaultConfigs("/app/base/config/defaults.yaml")
+	th.WriteF("/app/base/config/custom.yaml", `
+nameReference:
+- kind: Gorilla
+  fieldSpecs:
+  - kind: AnimalPark
+    path: spec/gorillaRef/name
+- kind: Giraffe
+  fieldSpecs:
+  - kind: AnimalPark
+    path: spec/giraffeRef/name
+varReference:
+- path: spec/food
+  kind: AnimalPark
+`)
+	th.WriteK("/app/overlay", `
+namePrefix: o-
+commonLabels:
+  movie: planetOfTheApes
+patchesStrategicMerge:
+- animalPark.yaml
+resources:
+- ../base
+- ursus.yaml
+`)
+	th.WriteF("/app/overlay/ursus.yaml", `
+kind: Gorilla
+metadata:
+  name: ursus
+spec:
+  diet: heston
+  location: Arizona
+`)
+	// The following replaces the gorillaRef in the AnimalPark.
+	th.WriteF("/app/overlay/animalPark.yaml", `
+kind: AnimalPark
+metadata:
+  name: sandiego
+spec:
+  gorillaRef:
+    name: ursus
+`)
+
+	m, err := th.MakeKustTarget().MakeCustomizedResMap()
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("Err: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	th.AssertActualEqualsExpected(m, `
+kind: AnimalPark
+metadata:
+  labels:
+    app: myApp
+    movie: planetOfTheApes
+  name: o-x-sandiego
+spec:
+  food:
+  - mimosa
+  - bambooshoots
+  giraffeRef:
+    name: o-x-april
+  gorillaRef:
+    name: o-ursus
+---
+kind: Giraffe
+metadata:
+  labels:
+    app: myApp
+    movie: planetOfTheApes
+  name: o-x-april
+spec:
+  diet: mimosa
+  location: NE
+---
+kind: Giraffe
+metadata:
+  labels:
+    app: myApp
+    movie: planetOfTheApes
+  name: o-x-may
+spec:
+  diet: acacia
+  location: SE
+---
+kind: Gorilla
+metadata:
+  labels:
+    app: myApp
+    movie: planetOfTheApes
+  name: o-x-koko
+spec:
+  diet: bambooshoots
+  location: SW
+---
+kind: Gorilla
+metadata:
+  labels:
+    movie: planetOfTheApes
+  name: o-ursus
+spec:
+  diet: heston
+  location: Arizona
+`)
+}

api/internal/target/customconfigofbuiltinplugin_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,216 @@
+// Copyright 2019 The Kubernetes Authors.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+
+package target_test
+
+import (
+	"testing"
+
+	"sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/api/testutils/kusttest"
+)
+
+// Demo custom configuration of a builtin transformation.
+// This is a NamePrefixer that only touches Deployments
+// and Services.
+func TestCustomNamePrefixer(t *testing.T) {
+	tc := kusttest_test.NewPluginTestEnv(t).Set()
+	defer tc.Reset()
+
+	tc.BuildGoPlugin(
+		"builtin", "", "PrefixSuffixTransformer")
+
+	th := kusttest_test.NewKustTestHarnessAllowPlugins(t, "/app")
+
+	th.WriteK("/app", `
+resources:
+- deployment.yaml
+- role.yaml
+- service.yaml
+transformers:
+- prefixer.yaml
+`)
+	th.WriteF("/app/prefixer.yaml", `
+apiVersion: builtin
+kind: PrefixSuffixTransformer
+metadata:
+  name: customPrefixer
+prefix: zzz-
+fieldSpecs:
+- kind: Deployment
+  path: metadata/name
+- kind: Service
+  path: metadata/name
+`)
+	th.WriteF("/app/deployment.yaml", `
+apiVersion: apps/v1
+kind: Deployment
+metadata:
+  name: myDeployment
+spec:
+  template:
+    metadata:
+      labels:
+        backend: awesome
+    spec:
+      containers:
+      - name: whatever
+        image: whatever
+`)
+	th.WriteF("/app/role.yaml", `
+apiVersion: v1
+kind: Role
+metadata:
+  name: myRole
+`)
+	th.WriteF("/app/service.yaml", `
+apiVersion: v1
+kind: Service
+metadata:
+  name: myService
+`)
+
+	m, err := th.MakeKustTarget().MakeCustomizedResMap()
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("Err: %v", err)
+	}
+	th.AssertActualEqualsExpected(m, `
+apiVersion: apps/v1
+kind: Deployment
+metadata:
+  name: zzz-myDeployment
+spec:
+  template:
+    metadata:
+      labels:
+        backend: awesome
+    spec:
+      containers:
+      - image: whatever
+        name: whatever
+---
+apiVersion: v1
+kind: Role
+metadata:
+  name: myRole
+---
+apiVersion: v1
+kind: Service
+metadata:
+  name: zzz-myService
+`)
+}
+
+// Demo custom configuration as a base.
+func TestReusableCustomNamePrefixer(t *testing.T) {
+	tc := kusttest_test.NewPluginTestEnv(t).Set()
+	defer tc.Reset()
+
+	tc.BuildGoPlugin(
+		"builtin", "", "PrefixSuffixTransformer")
+	tc.BuildGoPlugin(
+		"builtin", "", "LabelTransformer")
+
+	th := kusttest_test.NewKustTestHarnessAllowPlugins(t, "/app/foo")
+
+	// This kustomization file contains resources that
+	// all happen to be plugin configurations. This makes
+	// these plugins all available as part of a base,
+	// re-usable in any number of other kustomizations.
+	// Just specify the path (or URL) to this base in the
+	// "transformers:" field (not the "resources" field).
+	th.WriteK("/app/mytransformers", `
+resources:
+- prefixer.yaml
+- labeller.yaml
+`)
+	th.WriteF("/app/mytransformers/prefixer.yaml", `
+apiVersion: builtin
+kind: PrefixSuffixTransformer
+metadata:
+  name: myPrefixer
+prefix: zzz-
+fieldSpecs:
+- kind: Deployment
+  path: metadata/name
+- kind: Service
+  path: metadata/name
+`)
+	th.WriteF("/app/mytransformers/labeller.yaml", `
+apiVersion: builtin
+kind: LabelTransformer
+metadata:
+  name: myLabeller
+labels:
+  company: acmeCorp
+fieldSpecs:
+- path: spec/template/metadata/labels
+  kind: Deployment
+`)
+
+	th.WriteK("/app/foo", `
+resources:
+- deployment.yaml
+- role.yaml
+- service.yaml
+transformers:
+- ../mytransformers
+`)
+	th.WriteF("/app/foo/deployment.yaml", `
+apiVersion: apps/v1
+kind: Deployment
+metadata:
+  name: myDeployment
+spec:
+  template:
+    metadata:
+      labels:
+        backend: awesome
+    spec:
+      containers:
+      - name: whatever
+        image: whatever
+`)
+	th.WriteF("/app/foo/role.yaml", `
+apiVersion: v1
+kind: Role
+metadata:
+  name: myRole
+`)
+	th.WriteF("/app/foo/service.yaml", `
+apiVersion: v1
+kind: Service
+metadata:
+  name: myService
+`)
+
+	m, err := th.MakeKustTarget().MakeCustomizedResMap()
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("Err: %v", err)
+	}
+	th.AssertActualEqualsExpected(m, `
+apiVersion: apps/v1
+kind: Deployment
+metadata:
+  name: zzz-myDeployment
+spec:
+  template:
+    metadata:
+      labels:
+        backend: awesome
+        company: acmeCorp
+    spec:
+      containers:
+      - image: whatever
+        name: whatever
+---
+apiVersion: v1
+kind: Role
+metadata:
+  name: myRole
+---
+apiVersion: v1
+kind: Service
+metadata:
+  name: zzz-myService
+`)
+}

api/internal/target/diamondcomposition_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,490 @@
+// Copyright 2019 The Kubernetes Authors.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+
+package target_test
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"path/filepath"
+	"strings"
+	"testing"
+
+	"sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/api/testutils/kusttest"
+)
+
+const patchAddProbe = `
+apiVersion: apps/v1
+kind: Deployment
+metadata:
+  name: my-deployment
+spec:
+  template:
+    spec:
+      containers:
+      - name: my-deployment
+        livenessProbe:
+          httpGet:
+            path: /healthz
+            port: 8080
+`
+
+const container = `{ "image": "my-image", "livenessProbe": { "httpGet" : {"path": "/healthz", "port": 8080 } }, "name": "my-deployment"}`
+
+const patchJsonAddProbe = `[{"op": "replace", "path": "/spec/template/spec/containers/0", "value": ` +
+	container + `}]`
+
+const patchDnsPolicy = `
+apiVersion: apps/v1
+kind: Deployment
+metadata:
+  name: my-deployment
+spec:
+  template:
+    spec:
+      dnsPolicy: ClusterFirst
+`
+const patchJsonDnsPolicy = `[{"op": "add", "path": "/spec/template/spec/dnsPolicy", "value": "ClusterFirst"}]`
+
+const patchRestartPolicy = `
+apiVersion: apps/v1
+kind: Deployment
+metadata:
+  name: my-deployment
+spec:
+  template:
+    spec:
+      restartPolicy: Always
+`
+const patchJsonRestartPolicy = `[{"op": "add", "path": "/spec/template/spec/restartPolicy", "value": "Always"}]`
+
+func writeDeploymentBase(th *kusttest_test.KustTestHarness) {
+	th.WriteK("/app/base", `
+resources:
+- deployment.yaml
+`)
+
+	th.WriteF("/app/base/deployment.yaml", `
+apiVersion: apps/v1
+kind: Deployment
+metadata:
+  name: my-deployment
+spec:
+  template:
+    spec:
+      dnsPolicy: "None"
+      containers:
+      - name: my-deployment
+        image: my-image
+`)
+}
+
+func writeProbeOverlay(th *kusttest_test.KustTestHarness) {
+	th.WriteK("/app/probe", `
+resources:
+- ../base
+patchesStrategicMerge:
+- dep-patch.yaml
+`)
+	th.WriteF("/app/probe/dep-patch.yaml", patchAddProbe)
+}
+
+func writeDNSOverlay(th *kusttest_test.KustTestHarness) {
+	th.WriteK("/app/dns", `
+resources:
+- ../base
+patchesStrategicMerge:
+- dep-patch.yaml
+`)
+	th.WriteF("/app/dns/dep-patch.yaml", patchDnsPolicy)
+}
+
+func writeRestartOverlay(th *kusttest_test.KustTestHarness) {
+	th.WriteK("/app/restart", `
+resources:
+- ../base
+patchesStrategicMerge:
+- dep-patch.yaml
+`)
+	th.WriteF("/app/restart/dep-patch.yaml", patchRestartPolicy)
+}
+
+// Here's a composite kustomization, that combines multiple overlays
+// (replicas, dns and metadata) which patch the same base resource.
+//
+// The base resource is a deployment and the overlays patch aspects
+// of it, without using any of the `namePrefix`, `nameSuffix` or `namespace`
+// kustomization keywords.
+//
+//            composite
+//          /     |     \
+//       probe   dns  restart
+//          \     |     /
+//              base
+//
+func TestIssue1251_CompositeDiamond_Failure(t *testing.T) {
+	th := kusttest_test.NewKustTestHarness(t, "/app/composite")
+	writeDeploymentBase(th)
+	writeProbeOverlay(th)
+	writeDNSOverlay(th)
+	writeRestartOverlay(th)
+
+	th.WriteK("/app/composite", `
+resources:
+- ../probe
+- ../dns
+- ../restart
+`)
+
+	_, err := th.MakeKustTarget().MakeCustomizedResMap()
+	if err == nil {
+		t.Fatalf("Expected resource accumulation error")
+	}
+	if !strings.Contains(
+		err.Error(), "already registered id: apps_v1_Deployment|~X|my-deployment") {
+		t.Fatalf("Unexpected err: %v", err)
+	}
+}
+
+const expectedPatchedDeployment = `
+apiVersion: apps/v1
+kind: Deployment
+metadata:
+  name: my-deployment
+spec:
+  template:
+    spec:
+      containers:
+      - image: my-image
+        livenessProbe:
+          httpGet:
+            path: /healthz
+            port: 8080
+        name: my-deployment
+      dnsPolicy: ClusterFirst
+      restartPolicy: Always
+`
+
+// This test reuses some methods from TestIssue1251_CompositeDiamond,
+// but overwrites the kustomization files in the overlays.
+func TestIssue1251_Patches_Overlayed(t *testing.T) {
+	th := kusttest_test.NewKustTestHarness(t, "/app/restart")
+	writeDeploymentBase(th)
+
+	// probe overlays base.
+	writeProbeOverlay(th)
+
+	// dns overlays probe.
+	writeDNSOverlay(th)
+	th.WriteK("/app/dns", `
+resources:
+- ../probe
+patchesStrategicMerge:
+- dep-patch.yaml
+`)
+
+	// restart overlays dns.
+	writeRestartOverlay(th)
+	th.WriteK("/app/restart", `
+resources:
+- ../dns
+patchesStrategicMerge:
+- dep-patch.yaml
+`)
+
+	m, err := th.MakeKustTarget().MakeCustomizedResMap()
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("Err: %v", err)
+	}
+	th.AssertActualEqualsExpected(m, expectedPatchedDeployment)
+}
+
+func TestIssue1251_Patches_Local(t *testing.T) {
+	th := kusttest_test.NewKustTestHarness(t, "/app/composite")
+	writeDeploymentBase(th)
+
+	th.WriteK("/app/composite", `
+resources:
+- ../base
+patchesStrategicMerge:
+- patchAddProbe.yaml
+- patchDnsPolicy.yaml
+- patchRestartPolicy.yaml
+`)
+	th.WriteF("/app/composite/patchRestartPolicy.yaml", patchRestartPolicy)
+	th.WriteF("/app/composite/patchDnsPolicy.yaml", patchDnsPolicy)
+	th.WriteF("/app/composite/patchAddProbe.yaml", patchAddProbe)
+
+	m, err := th.MakeKustTarget().MakeCustomizedResMap()
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("Err: %v", err)
+	}
+	th.AssertActualEqualsExpected(m, expectedPatchedDeployment)
+}
+
+func definePatchDirStructure(th *kusttest_test.KustTestHarness) {
+	writeDeploymentBase(th)
+
+	th.WriteF("/app/patches/patchRestartPolicy.yaml", patchRestartPolicy)
+	th.WriteF("/app/patches/patchDnsPolicy.yaml", patchDnsPolicy)
+	th.WriteF("/app/patches/patchAddProbe.yaml", patchAddProbe)
+}
+
+// Fails due to file load restrictor.
+func TestIssue1251_Patches_ProdVsDev_Failure(t *testing.T) {
+	th := kusttest_test.NewKustTestHarness(t, "/app/prod")
+	definePatchDirStructure(th)
+
+	th.WriteK("/app/prod", `
+resources:
+- ../base
+patchesStrategicMerge:
+- ../patches/patchAddProbe.yaml
+- ../patches/patchDnsPolicy.yaml
+`)
+
+	_, err := th.MakeKustTarget().MakeCustomizedResMap()
+	if err == nil {
+		t.Fatalf("expected error")
+	}
+	if !strings.Contains(
+		err.Error(),
+		"security; file '/app/patches/patchAddProbe.yaml' is not in or below '/app/prod'") {
+		t.Fatalf("unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+}
+
+const prodDevMergeResult1 = `
+apiVersion: apps/v1
+kind: Deployment
+metadata:
+  name: my-deployment
+spec:
+  template:
+    spec:
+      containers:
+      - image: my-image
+        livenessProbe:
+          httpGet:
+            path: /healthz
+            port: 8080
+        name: my-deployment
+      dnsPolicy: ClusterFirst
+`
+
+const prodDevMergeResult2 = `
+apiVersion: apps/v1
+kind: Deployment
+metadata:
+  name: my-deployment
+spec:
+  template:
+    spec:
+      containers:
+      - image: my-image
+        name: my-deployment
+      dnsPolicy: ClusterFirst
+      restartPolicy: Always
+`
+
+// This test does what
+//    TestIssue1251_Patches_ProdVsDev_Failure
+// failed to do, because this test does the equivalent
+// os specifying `--load_restrictor none` on the build.
+//
+// This allows the use patch files located outside the
+// kustomization root, and not in a kustomization
+// themselves.
+//
+// Doing so means the kustomization using them is no
+// longer relocatable, not addressible via a git URL,
+// and not git clonable. It's no longer self-contained.
+//
+// Likewise suppressing load restrictions happens for
+// the entire build (i.e. everything can reach outside
+// the kustomization root), opening the user to whatever
+// threat the load restrictor was meant to address.
+func TestIssue1251_Patches_ProdVsDev(t *testing.T) {
+	th := kusttest_test.NewKustTestHarnessNoLoadRestrictor(t, "/app/prod")
+	definePatchDirStructure(th)
+
+	th.WriteK("/app/prod", `
+resources:
+- ../base
+patchesStrategicMerge:
+- ../patches/patchAddProbe.yaml
+- ../patches/patchDnsPolicy.yaml
+`)
+	m, err := th.MakeKustTarget().MakeCustomizedResMap()
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+	th.AssertActualEqualsExpected(m, prodDevMergeResult1)
+
+	th = kusttest_test.NewKustTestHarnessNoLoadRestrictor(t, "/app/dev")
+	definePatchDirStructure(th)
+
+	th.WriteK("/app/dev", `
+resources:
+- ../base
+patchesStrategicMerge:
+- ../patches/patchDnsPolicy.yaml
+- ../patches/patchRestartPolicy.yaml
+`)
+
+	m, err = th.MakeKustTarget().MakeCustomizedResMap()
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("Err: %v", err)
+	}
+	th.AssertActualEqualsExpected(m, prodDevMergeResult2)
+}
+
+func TestIssue1251_Plugins_ProdVsDev(t *testing.T) {
+	tc := kusttest_test.NewPluginTestEnv(t).Set()
+	defer tc.Reset()
+
+	tc.BuildGoPlugin(
+		"builtin", "", "PatchJson6902Transformer")
+
+	th := kusttest_test.NewKustTestHarnessAllowPlugins(t, "/app/prod")
+	defineTransformerDirStructure(th)
+	th.WriteK("/app/prod", `
+resources:
+- ../base
+transformers:
+- ../patches/addProbe
+- ../patches/addDnsPolicy
+`)
+
+	m, err := th.MakeKustTarget().MakeCustomizedResMap()
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("Err: %v", err)
+	}
+	th.AssertActualEqualsExpected(m, prodDevMergeResult1)
+
+	th = kusttest_test.NewKustTestHarnessAllowPlugins(t, "/app/dev")
+	defineTransformerDirStructure(th)
+	th.WriteK("/app/dev", `
+resources:
+- ../base
+transformers:
+- ../patches/addRestartPolicy
+- ../patches/addDnsPolicy
+`)
+
+	m, err = th.MakeKustTarget().MakeCustomizedResMap()
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("Err: %v", err)
+	}
+	th.AssertActualEqualsExpected(m, prodDevMergeResult2)
+}
+
+func TestIssue1251_Plugins_Local(t *testing.T) {
+	tc := kusttest_test.NewPluginTestEnv(t).Set()
+	defer tc.Reset()
+
+	tc.BuildGoPlugin(
+		"builtin", "", "PatchJson6902Transformer")
+
+	th := kusttest_test.NewKustTestHarnessAllowPlugins(t, "/app/composite")
+	writeDeploymentBase(th)
+
+	writeJsonTransformerPluginConfig(
+		th, "/app/composite", "addDnsPolicy", patchJsonDnsPolicy)
+	writeJsonTransformerPluginConfig(
+		th, "/app/composite", "addRestartPolicy", patchJsonRestartPolicy)
+	writeJsonTransformerPluginConfig(
+		th, "/app/composite", "addProbe", patchJsonAddProbe)
+
+	th.WriteK("/app/composite", `
+resources:
+- ../base
+transformers:
+- addDnsPolicyConfig.yaml
+- addRestartPolicyConfig.yaml
+- addProbeConfig.yaml
+`)
+	m, err := th.MakeKustTarget().MakeCustomizedResMap()
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("Err: %v", err)
+	}
+	th.AssertActualEqualsExpected(m, expectedPatchedDeployment)
+}
+
+func writeJsonTransformerPluginConfig(
+	th *kusttest_test.KustTestHarness, path, name, patch string) {
+	th.WriteF(filepath.Join(path, name+"Config.yaml"),
+		fmt.Sprintf(`
+apiVersion: builtin
+kind: PatchJson6902Transformer
+metadata:
+  name: %s
+target:
+  group: apps
+  version: v1
+  kind: Deployment
+  name: my-deployment
+jsonOp: '%s'
+`, name, patch))
+}
+
+// Remote in the sense that they are bundled in a different kustomization.
+func TestIssue1251_Plugins_Bundled(t *testing.T) {
+	tc := kusttest_test.NewPluginTestEnv(t).Set()
+	defer tc.Reset()
+
+	tc.BuildGoPlugin(
+		"builtin", "", "PatchJson6902Transformer")
+
+	th := kusttest_test.NewKustTestHarnessAllowPlugins(t, "/app/composite")
+	writeDeploymentBase(th)
+
+	th.WriteK("/app/patches", `
+resources:
+- addDnsPolicyConfig.yaml
+- addRestartPolicyConfig.yaml
+- addProbeConfig.yaml
+`)
+	writeJsonTransformerPluginConfig(
+		th, "/app/patches", "addDnsPolicy", patchJsonDnsPolicy)
+	writeJsonTransformerPluginConfig(
+		th, "/app/patches", "addRestartPolicy", patchJsonRestartPolicy)
+	writeJsonTransformerPluginConfig(
+		th, "/app/patches", "addProbe", patchJsonAddProbe)
+
+	th.WriteK("/app/composite", `
+resources:
+- ../base
+transformers:
+- ../patches
+`)
+	m, err := th.MakeKustTarget().MakeCustomizedResMap()
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("Err: %v", err)
+	}
+	th.AssertActualEqualsExpected(m, expectedPatchedDeployment)
+}
+
+func defineTransformerDirStructure(th *kusttest_test.KustTestHarness) {
+	writeDeploymentBase(th)
+
+	th.WriteK("/app/patches/addDnsPolicy", `
+resources:
+- addDnsPolicyConfig.yaml
+`)
+	writeJsonTransformerPluginConfig(
+		th, "/app/patches/addDnsPolicy", "addDnsPolicy", patchJsonDnsPolicy)
+
+	th.WriteK("/app/patches/addRestartPolicy", `
+resources:
+- addRestartPolicyConfig.yaml
+`)
+	writeJsonTransformerPluginConfig(
+		th, "/app/patches/addRestartPolicy", "addRestartPolicy", patchJsonRestartPolicy)
+
+	th.WriteK("/app/patches/addProbe", `
+resources:
+- addProbeConfig.yaml
+`)
+	writeJsonTransformerPluginConfig(
+		th, "/app/patches/addProbe", "addProbe", patchJsonAddProbe)
+}

api/internal/target/diamonds_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,225 @@
+// Copyright 2019 The Kubernetes Authors.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+
+package target_test
+
+import (
+	"testing"
+
+	"sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/api/testutils/kusttest"
+)
+
+// Here's a structure of two kustomizations,
+// `dev` and `prod`, individually deployable,
+// that depend on a diamond that combines
+// multiple tenants (kirk, spock and bones),
+// each sharing a common base.
+//
+// The objects used are contrived to avoid
+// clouding the example with authentic
+// but verbose Deployment boilerplate.
+//
+// Patches are applied at various levels,
+// requiring more specificity as needed.
+//
+//         dev      prod
+//             \   /
+//            tenants
+//          /    |    \
+//      kirk   spock  bones
+//          \    |    /
+//             base
+//
+func writeDiamondBase(th *kusttest_test.KustTestHarness) {
+	th.WriteK("/app/base", `
+resources:
+- deploy.yaml
+`)
+	th.WriteF("/app/base/deploy.yaml", `
+apiVersion: v1
+kind: Deployment
+metadata:
+  name: storefront
+spec:
+  numReplicas: 1
+`)
+}
+
+func writeKirk(th *kusttest_test.KustTestHarness) {
+	th.WriteK("/app/kirk", `
+namePrefix: kirk-
+resources:
+- ../base
+- configmap.yaml
+patchesStrategicMerge:
+- dep-patch.yaml
+`)
+	th.WriteF("/app/kirk/dep-patch.yaml", `
+apiVersion: v1
+kind: Deployment
+metadata:
+  name: storefront
+spec:
+  type: Confident
+`)
+	th.WriteF("/app/kirk/configmap.yaml", `
+apiVersion: v1
+kind: ConfigMap
+metadata:
+  name: settings
+data:
+  phaser: caress
+`)
+}
+
+func writeSpock(th *kusttest_test.KustTestHarness) {
+	th.WriteK("/app/spock", `
+namePrefix: spock-
+resources:
+- ../base
+patchesStrategicMerge:
+- dep-patch.yaml
+`)
+	th.WriteF("/app/spock/dep-patch.yaml", `
+apiVersion: v1
+kind: Deployment
+metadata:
+  name: storefront
+spec:
+  type: Logical
+`)
+}
+
+func writeBones(th *kusttest_test.KustTestHarness) {
+	th.WriteK("/app/bones", `
+namePrefix: bones-
+resources:
+- ../base
+patchesStrategicMerge:
+- dep-patch.yaml
+`)
+	th.WriteF("/app/bones/dep-patch.yaml", `
+apiVersion: v1
+kind: Deployment
+metadata:
+  name: storefront
+spec:
+  type: Concerned
+`)
+}
+
+func writeTenants(th *kusttest_test.KustTestHarness) {
+	th.WriteK("/app/tenants", `
+namePrefix: t-
+resources:
+- ../kirk
+- ../spock
+- ../bones
+- configMap.yaml
+patchesStrategicMerge:
+- bones-patch.yaml
+`)
+	th.WriteF("/app/tenants/bones-patch.yaml", `
+apiVersion: v1
+kind: Deployment
+metadata:
+  name: bones-storefront
+spec:
+  mood: Cantankerous
+`)
+	th.WriteF("/app/tenants/configMap.yaml", `
+apiVersion: v1
+kind: ConfigMap
+metadata:
+  name: federation
+data:
+  zone: neutral
+  guardian: forever
+`)
+}
+
+func TestBasicDiamond(t *testing.T) {
+	th := kusttest_test.NewKustTestHarness(t, "/app/prod")
+	writeDiamondBase(th)
+	writeKirk(th)
+	writeSpock(th)
+	writeBones(th)
+	writeTenants(th)
+	th.WriteK("/app/prod", `
+namePrefix: prod-
+resources:
+- ../tenants
+patchesStrategicMerge:
+- patches.yaml
+`)
+	// The patch only has to be specific enough
+	// to match the item.
+	th.WriteF("/app/prod/patches.yaml", `
+apiVersion: v1
+kind: Deployment
+metadata:
+  name: t-kirk-storefront
+spec:
+  numReplicas: 10000
+---
+apiVersion: v1
+kind: ConfigMap
+metadata:
+  name: federation
+data:
+  guardian: ofTheGalaxy
+---
+apiVersion: v1
+kind: ConfigMap
+metadata:
+  name: t-federation
+data:
+  zone: twilight
+`)
+
+	m, err := th.MakeKustTarget().MakeCustomizedResMap()
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("Err: %v", err)
+	}
+	th.AssertActualEqualsExpected(m, `
+apiVersion: v1
+kind: Deployment
+metadata:
+  name: prod-t-kirk-storefront
+spec:
+  numReplicas: 10000
+  type: Confident
+---
+apiVersion: v1
+data:
+  phaser: caress
+kind: ConfigMap
+metadata:
+  name: prod-t-kirk-settings
+---
+apiVersion: v1
+kind: Deployment
+metadata:
+  name: prod-t-spock-storefront
+spec:
+  numReplicas: 1
+  type: Logical
+---
+apiVersion: v1
+kind: Deployment
+metadata:
+  name: prod-t-bones-storefront
+spec:
+  mood: Cantankerous
+  numReplicas: 1
+  type: Concerned
+---
+apiVersion: v1
+data:
+  guardian: ofTheGalaxy
+  zone: twilight
+kind: ConfigMap
+metadata:
+  name: prod-t-federation
+`)
+}

api/internal/target/generatormergeandreplace_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,597 @@
+/*
+Copyright 2018 The Kubernetes Authors.
+
+Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+    http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+limitations under the License.
+*/
+
+package target_test
+
+import (
+	"strings"
+	"testing"
+
+	"sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/api/testutils/kusttest"
+)
+
+func TestSimpleBase(t *testing.T) {
+	th := kusttest_test.NewKustTestHarness(t, "/app/base")
+	th.WriteK("/app/base", `
+apiVersion: kustomize.config.k8s.io/v1beta1
+kind: Kustomization
+namePrefix: team-foo-
+commonLabels:
+  app: mynginx
+  org: example.com
+  team: foo
+commonAnnotations:
+  note: This is a test annotation
+resources:
+  - service.yaml
+  - deployment.yaml
+  - networkpolicy.yaml
+`)
+	th.WriteF("/app/base/service.yaml", `
+apiVersion: v1
+kind: Service
+metadata:
+  name: nginx
+  labels:
+    app: nginx
+spec:
+  ports:
+    - port: 80
+  selector:
+    app: nginx
+`)
+	th.WriteF("/app/base/networkpolicy.yaml", `
+apiVersion: networking.k8s.io/v1
+kind: NetworkPolicy
+metadata:
+  name: nginx
+spec:
+  podSelector:
+    matchExpressions:
+      - {key: app, operator: In, values: [test]}
+  ingress:
+    - from:
+        - podSelector:
+            matchLabels:
+              app: nginx
+`)
+	th.WriteF("/app/base/deployment.yaml", `
+apiVersion: apps/v1beta2
+kind: Deployment
+metadata:
+  name: nginx
+  labels:
+    app: nginx
+spec:
+  template:
+    metadata:
+      labels:
+        app: nginx
+    spec:
+      containers:
+      - name: nginx
+        image: nginx
+`)
+	m, err := th.MakeKustTarget().MakeCustomizedResMap()
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("Err: %v", err)
+	}
+	th.AssertActualEqualsExpected(m, `
+apiVersion: v1
+kind: Service
+metadata:
+  annotations:
+    note: This is a test annotation
+  labels:
+    app: mynginx
+    org: example.com
+    team: foo
+  name: team-foo-nginx
+spec:
+  ports:
+  - port: 80
+  selector:
+    app: mynginx
+    org: example.com
+    team: foo
+---
+apiVersion: apps/v1beta2
+kind: Deployment
+metadata:
+  annotations:
+    note: This is a test annotation
+  labels:
+    app: mynginx
+    org: example.com
+    team: foo
+  name: team-foo-nginx
+spec:
+  selector:
+    matchLabels:
+      app: mynginx
+      org: example.com
+      team: foo
+  template:
+    metadata:
+      annotations:
+        note: This is a test annotation
+      labels:
+        app: mynginx
+        org: example.com
+        team: foo
+    spec:
+      containers:
+      - image: nginx
+        name: nginx
+---
+apiVersion: networking.k8s.io/v1
+kind: NetworkPolicy
+metadata:
+  annotations:
+    note: This is a test annotation
+  labels:
+    app: mynginx
+    org: example.com
+    team: foo
+  name: team-foo-nginx
+spec:
+  ingress:
+  - from:
+    - podSelector:
+        matchLabels:
+          app: mynginx
+          org: example.com
+          team: foo
+  podSelector:
+    matchExpressions:
+    - key: app
+      operator: In
+      values:
+      - test
+`)
+}
+
+func makeBaseWithGenerators(th *kusttest_test.KustTestHarness) {
+	th.WriteK("/app", `
+apiVersion: kustomize.config.k8s.io/v1beta1
+kind: Kustomization
+namePrefix: team-foo-
+commonLabels:
+  app: mynginx
+  org: example.com
+  team: foo
+commonAnnotations:
+  note: This is a test annotation
+resources:
+  - deployment.yaml
+  - service.yaml
+configMapGenerator:
+- name: configmap-in-base
+  literals:
+  - foo=bar
+secretGenerator:
+- name: secret-in-base
+  literals:
+  - username=admin
+  - password=somepw
+`)
+	th.WriteF("/app/deployment.yaml", `
+apiVersion: apps/v1beta2
+kind: Deployment
+metadata:
+  name: nginx
+  labels:
+    app: nginx
+spec:
+  template:
+    metadata:
+      labels:
+        app: nginx
+    spec:
+      containers:
+      - name: nginx
+        image: nginx
+        volumeMounts:
+        - name: nginx-persistent-storage
+          mountPath: /tmp/ps
+      volumes:
+      - name: nginx-persistent-storage
+        emptyDir: {}
+      - configMap:
+          name: configmap-in-base
+        name: configmap-in-base
+`)
+	th.WriteF("/app/service.yaml", `
+apiVersion: v1
+kind: Service
+metadata:
+  name: nginx
+  labels:
+    app: nginx
+spec:
+  ports:
+    - port: 80
+  selector:
+    app: nginx
+`)
+}
+
+func TestBaseWithGeneratorsAlone(t *testing.T) {
+	th := kusttest_test.NewKustTestHarness(t, "/app")
+	makeBaseWithGenerators(th)
+	m, err := th.MakeKustTarget().MakeCustomizedResMap()
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("Err: %v", err)
+	}
+	th.AssertActualEqualsExpected(m, `
+apiVersion: apps/v1beta2
+kind: Deployment
+metadata:
+  annotations:
+    note: This is a test annotation
+  labels:
+    app: mynginx
+    org: example.com
+    team: foo
+  name: team-foo-nginx
+spec:
+  selector:
+    matchLabels:
+      app: mynginx
+      org: example.com
+      team: foo
+  template:
+    metadata:
+      annotations:
+        note: This is a test annotation
+      labels:
+        app: mynginx
+        org: example.com
+        team: foo
+    spec:
+      containers:
+      - image: nginx
+        name: nginx
+        volumeMounts:
+        - mountPath: /tmp/ps
+          name: nginx-persistent-storage
+      volumes:
+      - emptyDir: {}
+        name: nginx-persistent-storage
+      - configMap:
+          name: team-foo-configmap-in-base-bbdmdh7m8t
+        name: configmap-in-base
+---
+apiVersion: v1
+kind: Service
+metadata:
+  annotations:
+    note: This is a test annotation
+  labels:
+    app: mynginx
+    org: example.com
+    team: foo
+  name: team-foo-nginx
+spec:
+  ports:
+  - port: 80
+  selector:
+    app: mynginx
+    org: example.com
+    team: foo
+---
+apiVersion: v1
+data:
+  foo: bar
+kind: ConfigMap
+metadata:
+  annotations:
+    note: This is a test annotation
+  labels:
+    app: mynginx
+    org: example.com
+    team: foo
+  name: team-foo-configmap-in-base-bbdmdh7m8t
+---
+apiVersion: v1
+data:
+  password: c29tZXB3
+  username: YWRtaW4=
+kind: Secret
+metadata:
+  annotations:
+    note: This is a test annotation
+  labels:
+    app: mynginx
+    org: example.com
+    team: foo
+  name: team-foo-secret-in-base-tkm7hhtf8d
+type: Opaque
+`)
+}
+
+func TestMergeAndReplaceGenerators(t *testing.T) {
+	th := kusttest_test.NewKustTestHarness(t, "/overlay")
+	makeBaseWithGenerators(th)
+	th.WriteF("/overlay/deployment.yaml", `
+apiVersion: apps/v1beta2
+kind: Deployment
+metadata:
+  name: nginx
+spec:
+  template:
+    spec:
+      volumes:
+      - name: nginx-persistent-storage
+        emptyDir: null
+        gcePersistentDisk:
+          pdName: nginx-persistent-storage
+      - configMap:
+          name: configmap-in-overlay
+        name: configmap-in-overlay
+`)
+	th.WriteK("/overlay", `
+apiVersion: kustomize.config.k8s.io/v1beta1
+kind: Kustomization
+namePrefix: staging-
+commonLabels:
+  env: staging
+  team: override-foo
+patchesStrategicMerge:
+- deployment.yaml
+resources:
+- ../app
+configMapGenerator:
+- name: configmap-in-overlay
+  literals:
+  - hello=world
+- name: configmap-in-base
+  behavior: replace
+  literals:
+  - foo=override-bar
+secretGenerator:
+- name: secret-in-base
+  behavior: merge
+  literals:
+  - proxy=haproxy
+`)
+	m, err := th.MakeKustTarget().MakeCustomizedResMap()
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("Err: %v", err)
+	}
+	th.AssertActualEqualsExpected(m, `
+apiVersion: apps/v1beta2
+kind: Deployment
+metadata:
+  annotations:
+    note: This is a test annotation
+  labels:
+    app: mynginx
+    env: staging
+    org: example.com
+    team: override-foo
+  name: staging-team-foo-nginx
+spec:
+  selector:
+    matchLabels:
+      app: mynginx
+      env: staging
+      org: example.com
+      team: override-foo
+  template:
+    metadata:
+      annotations:
+        note: This is a test annotation
+      labels:
+        app: mynginx
+        env: staging
+        org: example.com
+        team: override-foo
+    spec:
+      containers:
+      - image: nginx
+        name: nginx
+        volumeMounts:
+        - mountPath: /tmp/ps
+          name: nginx-persistent-storage
+      volumes:
+      - gcePersistentDisk:
+          pdName: nginx-persistent-storage
+        name: nginx-persistent-storage
+      - configMap:
+          name: staging-configmap-in-overlay-k7cbc75tg8
+        name: configmap-in-overlay
+      - configMap:
+          name: staging-team-foo-configmap-in-base-gh9d7t85gb
+        name: configmap-in-base
+---
+apiVersion: v1
+kind: Service
+metadata:
+  annotations:
+    note: This is a test annotation
+  labels:
+    app: mynginx
+    env: staging
+    org: example.com
+    team: override-foo
+  name: staging-team-foo-nginx
+spec:
+  ports:
+  - port: 80
+  selector:
+    app: mynginx
+    env: staging
+    org: example.com
+    team: override-foo
+---
+apiVersion: v1
+data:
+  foo: override-bar
+kind: ConfigMap
+metadata:
+  annotations:
+    note: This is a test annotation
+  labels:
+    app: mynginx
+    env: staging
+    org: example.com
+    team: override-foo
+  name: staging-team-foo-configmap-in-base-gh9d7t85gb
+---
+apiVersion: v1
+data:
+  password: c29tZXB3
+  proxy: aGFwcm94eQ==
+  username: YWRtaW4=
+kind: Secret
+metadata:
+  annotations:
+    note: This is a test annotation
+  labels:
+    app: mynginx
+    env: staging
+    org: example.com
+    team: override-foo
+  name: staging-team-foo-secret-in-base-c8db7gk2m2
+type: Opaque
+---
+apiVersion: v1
+data:
+  hello: world
+kind: ConfigMap
+metadata:
+  labels:
+    env: staging
+    team: override-foo
+  name: staging-configmap-in-overlay-k7cbc75tg8
+`)
+}
+
+func TestGeneratingIntoNamespaces(t *testing.T) {
+	th := kusttest_test.NewKustTestHarness(t, "/app")
+	th.WriteK("/app", `
+configMapGenerator:
+- name: test
+  namespace: default
+  literals:
+    - key=value
+- name: test
+  namespace: kube-system
+  literals:
+    - key=value
+secretGenerator:
+- name: test
+  namespace: default
+  literals:
+  - username=admin
+  - password=somepw
+- name: test
+  namespace: kube-system
+  literals:
+  - username=admin
+  - password=somepw
+`)
+	m, err := th.MakeKustTarget().MakeCustomizedResMap()
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("Err: %v", err)
+	}
+	th.AssertActualEqualsExpected(m, `
+apiVersion: v1
+data:
+  key: value
+kind: ConfigMap
+metadata:
+  name: test-t5t4md8fdm
+  namespace: default
+---
+apiVersion: v1
+data:
+  key: value
+kind: ConfigMap
+metadata:
+  name: test-t5t4md8fdm
+  namespace: kube-system
+---
+apiVersion: v1
+data:
+  password: c29tZXB3
+  username: YWRtaW4=
+kind: Secret
+metadata:
+  name: test-h65t9hg6kc
+  namespace: default
+type: Opaque
+---
+apiVersion: v1
+data:
+  password: c29tZXB3
+  username: YWRtaW4=
+kind: Secret
+metadata:
+  name: test-h65t9hg6kc
+  namespace: kube-system
+type: Opaque
+`)
+}
+
+// Valid that conflict is detected is the name are identical
+// and namespace left to default
+func TestConfigMapGeneratingIntoSameNamespace(t *testing.T) {
+	th := kusttest_test.NewKustTestHarness(t, "/app")
+	th.WriteK("/app", `
+configMapGenerator:
+- name: test
+  namespace: default
+  literals:
+  - key=value
+- name: test
+  literals:
+  - key=value
+`)
+	_, err := th.MakeKustTarget().MakeCustomizedResMap()
+	if err == nil {
+		t.Fatalf("expected error")
+	}
+	if !strings.Contains(err.Error(), "must merge or replace") {
+		t.Fatalf("unexpected error %v", err)
+	}
+}
+
+// Valid that conflict is detected is the name are identical
+// and namespace left to default
+func TestSecretGeneratingIntoSameNamespace(t *testing.T) {
+	th := kusttest_test.NewKustTestHarness(t, "/app")
+	th.WriteK("/app", `
+secretGenerator:
+- name: test
+  namespace: default
+  literals:
+  - username=admin
+  - password=somepw
+- name: test
+  literals:
+  - username=admin
+  - password=somepw
+`)
+	_, err := th.MakeKustTarget().MakeCustomizedResMap()
+	if err == nil {
+		t.Fatalf("expected error")
+	}
+	if !strings.Contains(err.Error(), "must merge or replace") {
+		t.Fatalf("unexpected error %v", err)
+	}
+}

api/internal/target/generatoroptions_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,115 @@
+/*
+Copyright 2019 The Kubernetes Authors.
+
+Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+    http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+limitations under the License.
+*/
+
+package target_test
+
+import (
+	"testing"
+
+	"sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/api/testutils/kusttest"
+)
+
+func TestSecretGenerator(t *testing.T) {
+	th := kusttest_test.NewKustTestHarness(t, "/app")
+	th.WriteK("/app", `
+secretGenerator:
+- name: bob
+  literals:
+  - FRUIT=apple
+  - VEGETABLE=carrot
+  files:
+  - foo.env
+  - passphrase=phrase.dat
+  envs:
+  - foo.env
+`)
+	th.WriteF("/app/foo.env", `
+MOUNTAIN=everest
+OCEAN=pacific
+`)
+	th.WriteF("/app/phrase.dat", "dat phrase")
+	m, err := th.MakeKustTarget().MakeCustomizedResMap()
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("Err: %v", err)
+	}
+	th.AssertActualEqualsExpected(m, `
+apiVersion: v1
+data:
+  FRUIT: YXBwbGU=
+  MOUNTAIN: ZXZlcmVzdA==
+  OCEAN: cGFjaWZpYw==
+  VEGETABLE: Y2Fycm90
+  foo.env: Ck1PVU5UQUlOPWV2ZXJlc3QKT0NFQU49cGFjaWZpYwo=
+  passphrase: ZGF0IHBocmFzZQ==
+kind: Secret
+metadata:
+  name: bob-kf5c9fccbt
+type: Opaque
+`)
+}
+
+func TestGeneratorOptionsWithBases(t *testing.T) {
+	th := kusttest_test.NewKustTestHarness(t, "/app/overlay")
+	th.WriteK("/app/base", `
+apiVersion: kustomize.config.k8s.io/v1beta1
+kind: Kustomization
+generatorOptions:
+  disableNameSuffixHash: true
+  labels:
+    foo: bar
+configMapGenerator:
+- name: shouldNotHaveHash
+  literals:
+  - foo=bar
+`)
+	th.WriteK("/app/overlay", `
+apiVersion: kustomize.config.k8s.io/v1beta1
+kind: Kustomization
+resources:
+- ../base
+generatorOptions:
+  disableNameSuffixHash: false
+  labels:
+    fruit: apple
+configMapGenerator:
+- name: shouldHaveHash
+  literals:
+  - fruit=apple
+`)
+	m, err := th.MakeKustTarget().MakeCustomizedResMap()
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("Err: %v", err)
+	}
+	th.AssertActualEqualsExpected(m, `
+apiVersion: v1
+data:
+  foo: bar
+kind: ConfigMap
+metadata:
+  labels:
+    foo: bar
+  name: shouldNotHaveHash
+---
+apiVersion: v1
+data:
+  fruit: apple
+kind: ConfigMap
+metadata:
+  labels:
+    fruit: apple
+  name: shouldHaveHash-2k9hc848ff
+`)
+}

api/internal/target/inlinepatch_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,244 @@
+// Copyright 2019 The Kubernetes Authors.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+
+package target_test
+
+import (
+	"testing"
+
+	"sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/api/testutils/kusttest"
+)
+
+func makeResourcesForPatchTest(th *kusttest_test.KustTestHarness) {
+	th.WriteF("/app/base/deployment.yaml", `
+apiVersion: apps/v1
+kind: Deployment
+metadata:
+  name: nginx
+  labels:
+    app: nginx
+spec:
+  template:
+    metadata:
+      labels:
+        app: nginx
+    spec:
+      containers:
+      - name: nginx
+        image: nginx
+        volumeMounts:
+        - name: nginx-persistent-storage
+          mountPath: /tmp/ps
+      volumes:
+      - name: nginx-persistent-storage
+        emptyDir: {}
+      - configMap:
+          name: configmap-in-base
+        name: configmap-in-base
+`)
+}
+
+func TestStrategicMergePatchInline(t *testing.T) {
+	th := kusttest_test.NewKustTestHarness(t, "/app/base")
+	makeResourcesForPatchTest(th)
+	th.WriteK("/app/base", `
+resources:
+- deployment.yaml
+
+patchesStrategicMerge:
+- |-
+  apiVersion: apps/v1
+  kind: Deployment
+  metadata:
+    name: nginx
+  spec:
+    template:
+      spec:
+        containers:
+          - name: nginx
+            image: image1
+`)
+	m, err := th.MakeKustTarget().MakeCustomizedResMap()
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("Err: %v", err)
+	}
+	th.AssertActualEqualsExpected(m, `
+apiVersion: apps/v1
+kind: Deployment
+metadata:
+  labels:
+    app: nginx
+  name: nginx
+spec:
+  template:
+    metadata:
+      labels:
+        app: nginx
+    spec:
+      containers:
+      - image: image1
+        name: nginx
+        volumeMounts:
+        - mountPath: /tmp/ps
+          name: nginx-persistent-storage
+      volumes:
+      - emptyDir: {}
+        name: nginx-persistent-storage
+      - configMap:
+          name: configmap-in-base
+        name: configmap-in-base
+`)
+}
+
+func TestJSONPatchInline(t *testing.T) {
+	th := kusttest_test.NewKustTestHarness(t, "/app/base")
+	makeResourcesForPatchTest(th)
+	th.WriteK("/app/base", `
+resources:
+- deployment.yaml
+
+patchesJson6902:
+- target:
+    group: apps
+    version: v1
+    kind: Deployment
+    name: nginx
+  patch: |-
+    - op: replace
+      path: /spec/template/spec/containers/0/image
+      value: image1
+`)
+	m, err := th.MakeKustTarget().MakeCustomizedResMap()
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("Err: %v", err)
+	}
+	th.AssertActualEqualsExpected(m, `
+apiVersion: apps/v1
+kind: Deployment
+metadata:
+  labels:
+    app: nginx
+  name: nginx
+spec:
+  template:
+    metadata:
+      labels:
+        app: nginx
+    spec:
+      containers:
+      - image: image1
+        name: nginx
+        volumeMounts:
+        - mountPath: /tmp/ps
+          name: nginx-persistent-storage
+      volumes:
+      - emptyDir: {}
+        name: nginx-persistent-storage
+      - configMap:
+          name: configmap-in-base
+        name: configmap-in-base
+`)
+}
+
+func TestExtendedPatchInlineJSON(t *testing.T) {
+	th := kusttest_test.NewKustTestHarness(t, "/app/base")
+	makeResourcesForPatchTest(th)
+	th.WriteK("/app/base", `
+resources:
+- deployment.yaml
+
+patches:
+- target:
+    kind: Deployment
+    name: nginx
+  patch: |-
+    - op: replace
+      path: /spec/template/spec/containers/0/image
+      value: image1
+`)
+	m, err := th.MakeKustTarget().MakeCustomizedResMap()
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("Err: %v", err)
+	}
+	th.AssertActualEqualsExpected(m, `
+apiVersion: apps/v1
+kind: Deployment
+metadata:
+  labels:
+    app: nginx
+  name: nginx
+spec:
+  template:
+    metadata:
+      labels:
+        app: nginx
+    spec:
+      containers:
+      - image: image1
+        name: nginx
+        volumeMounts:
+        - mountPath: /tmp/ps
+          name: nginx-persistent-storage
+      volumes:
+      - emptyDir: {}
+        name: nginx-persistent-storage
+      - configMap:
+          name: configmap-in-base
+        name: configmap-in-base
+`)
+}
+
+func TestExtendedPatchInlineYAML(t *testing.T) {
+	th := kusttest_test.NewKustTestHarness(t, "/app/base")
+	makeResourcesForPatchTest(th)
+	th.WriteK("/app/base", `
+resources:
+- deployment.yaml
+
+patches:
+- target:
+    kind: Deployment
+    name: nginx
+  patch: |-
+    apiVersion: apps/v1
+    kind: Deployment
+    metadata:
+      name: nginx
+    spec:
+      template:
+        spec:
+          containers:
+            - name: nginx
+              image: image1
+`)
+	m, err := th.MakeKustTarget().MakeCustomizedResMap()
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("Err: %v", err)
+	}
+	th.AssertActualEqualsExpected(m, `
+apiVersion: apps/v1
+kind: Deployment
+metadata:
+  labels:
+    app: nginx
+  name: nginx
+spec:
+  template:
+    metadata:
+      labels:
+        app: nginx
+    spec:
+      containers:
+      - image: image1
+        name: nginx
+        volumeMounts:
+        - mountPath: /tmp/ps
+          name: nginx-persistent-storage
+      volumes:
+      - emptyDir: {}
+        name: nginx-persistent-storage
+      - configMap:
+          name: configmap-in-base
+        name: configmap-in-base
+`)
+}

api/internal/target/kusttarget.go

@@ -0,0 +1,411 @@
+// Copyright 2019 The Kubernetes Authors.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+
+// Package target implements state for the set of all
+// resources to customize.
+package target
+
+import (
+	"bytes"
+	"encoding/json"
+	"fmt"
+	"log"
+	"strings"
+
+	"github.com/pkg/errors"
+	"sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/api/builtins"
+	"sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/api/ifc"
+	"sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/api/internal/accumulator"
+	"sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/api/internal/plugins/builtinconfig"
+	"sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/api/internal/plugins/builtinhelpers"
+	"sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/api/internal/plugins/loader"
+	"sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/api/konfig"
+	"sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/api/resmap"
+	"sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/api/transform"
+	"sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/api/types"
+	"sigs.k8s.io/yaml"
+)
+
+// KustTarget encapsulates the entirety of a kustomization build.
+type KustTarget struct {
+	kustomization *types.Kustomization
+	ldr           ifc.Loader
+	validator     ifc.Validator
+	rFactory      *resmap.Factory
+	tFactory      resmap.PatchFactory
+	pLdr          *loader.Loader
+}
+
+// NewKustTarget returns a new instance of KustTarget primed with a Loader.
+func NewKustTarget(
+	ldr ifc.Loader,
+	validator ifc.Validator,
+	rFactory *resmap.Factory,
+	tFactory resmap.PatchFactory,
+	pLdr *loader.Loader) (*KustTarget, error) {
+	content, err := loadKustFile(ldr)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	content = types.FixKustomizationPreUnmarshalling(content)
+	var k types.Kustomization
+	err = unmarshal(content, &k)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	k.FixKustomizationPostUnmarshalling()
+	errs := k.EnforceFields()
+	if len(errs) > 0 {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf(
+			"Failed to read kustomization file under %s:\n"+
+				strings.Join(errs, "\n"), ldr.Root())
+	}
+	return &KustTarget{
+		kustomization: &k,
+		ldr:           ldr,
+		validator:     validator,
+		rFactory:      rFactory,
+		tFactory:      tFactory,
+		pLdr:          pLdr,
+	}, nil
+}
+
+func quoted(l []string) []string {
+	r := make([]string, len(l))
+	for i, v := range l {
+		r[i] = "'" + v + "'"
+	}
+	return r
+}
+
+func commaOr(q []string) string {
+	return strings.Join(q[:len(q)-1], ", ") + " or " + q[len(q)-1]
+}
+
+func loadKustFile(ldr ifc.Loader) ([]byte, error) {
+	var content []byte
+	match := 0
+	for _, kf := range konfig.RecognizedKustomizationFileNames() {
+		c, err := ldr.Load(kf)
+		if err == nil {
+			match += 1
+			content = c
+		}
+	}
+	switch match {
+	case 0:
+		return nil, NewErrMissingKustomization(ldr.Root())
+	case 1:
+		return content, nil
+	default:
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf(
+			"Found multiple kustomization files under: %s\n", ldr.Root())
+	}
+}
+
+type errMissingKustomization struct {
+	path string
+}
+
+func (e *errMissingKustomization) Error() string {
+	return fmt.Sprintf(
+		"unable to find one of %v in directory '%s'",
+		commaOr(quoted(konfig.RecognizedKustomizationFileNames())),
+		e.path)
+}
+
+func NewErrMissingKustomization(p string) *errMissingKustomization {
+	return &errMissingKustomization{path: p}
+}
+
+func IsMissingKustomizationFileError(err error) bool {
+	_, ok := err.(*errMissingKustomization)
+	if ok {
+		return true
+	}
+	_, ok = errors.Cause(err).(*errMissingKustomization)
+	return ok
+}
+
+func unmarshal(y []byte, o interface{}) error {
+	j, err := yaml.YAMLToJSON(y)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	dec := json.NewDecoder(bytes.NewReader(j))
+	dec.DisallowUnknownFields()
+	return dec.Decode(o)
+}
+
+// MakeCustomizedResMap creates a ResMap per kustomization instructions.
+// The Resources in the returned ResMap are fully customized.
+func (kt *KustTarget) MakeCustomizedResMap() (resmap.ResMap, error) {
+	return kt.makeCustomizedResMap(types.GarbageIgnore)
+}
+
+func (kt *KustTarget) MakePruneConfigMap() (resmap.ResMap, error) {
+	return kt.makeCustomizedResMap(types.GarbageCollect)
+}
+
+func (kt *KustTarget) makeCustomizedResMap(
+	garbagePolicy types.GarbagePolicy) (resmap.ResMap, error) {
+	ra, err := kt.AccumulateTarget()
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	// The following steps must be done last, not as part of
+	// the recursion implicit in AccumulateTarget.
+
+	err = kt.addHashesToNames(ra)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	// Given that names have changed (prefixs/suffixes added),
+	// fix all the back references to those names.
+	err = ra.FixBackReferences()
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	// With all the back references fixed, it's OK to resolve Vars.
+	err = ra.ResolveVars()
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	err = kt.computeInventory(ra, garbagePolicy)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	return ra.ResMap(), nil
+}
+
+func (kt *KustTarget) addHashesToNames(
+	ra *accumulator.ResAccumulator) error {
+	p := builtins.NewHashTransformerPlugin()
+	err := kt.configureBuiltinPlugin(p, nil, builtinhelpers.HashTransformer)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	return ra.Transform(p)
+}
+
+func (kt *KustTarget) computeInventory(
+	ra *accumulator.ResAccumulator, garbagePolicy types.GarbagePolicy) error {
+	inv := kt.kustomization.Inventory
+	if inv == nil {
+		return nil
+	}
+	if inv.Type != "ConfigMap" {
+		return fmt.Errorf("don't know how to do that")
+	}
+
+	if inv.ConfigMap.Namespace != kt.kustomization.Namespace {
+		return fmt.Errorf("namespace mismatch")
+	}
+
+	var c struct {
+		Policy           string
+		types.ObjectMeta `json:"metadata,omitempty" yaml:"metadata,omitempty"`
+	}
+	c.Name = inv.ConfigMap.Name
+	c.Namespace = inv.ConfigMap.Namespace
+	c.Policy = garbagePolicy.String()
+	p := builtins.NewInventoryTransformerPlugin()
+	err := kt.configureBuiltinPlugin(p, c, builtinhelpers.InventoryTransformer)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	return ra.Transform(p)
+}
+
+func (kt *KustTarget) shouldAddHashSuffixesToGeneratedResources() bool {
+	return kt.kustomization.GeneratorOptions == nil ||
+		!kt.kustomization.GeneratorOptions.DisableNameSuffixHash
+}
+
+// AccumulateTarget returns a new ResAccumulator,
+// holding customized resources and the data/rules used
+// to do so.  The name back references and vars are
+// not yet fixed.
+func (kt *KustTarget) AccumulateTarget() (
+	ra *accumulator.ResAccumulator, err error) {
+	ra = accumulator.MakeEmptyAccumulator()
+	err = kt.accumulateResources(ra, kt.kustomization.Resources)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, errors.Wrap(err, "accumulating resources")
+	}
+	tConfig, err := builtinconfig.MakeTransformerConfig(
+		kt.ldr, kt.kustomization.Configurations)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	err = ra.MergeConfig(tConfig)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, errors.Wrapf(
+			err, "merging config %v", tConfig)
+	}
+	crdTc, err := accumulator.LoadConfigFromCRDs(kt.ldr, kt.kustomization.Crds)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, errors.Wrapf(
+			err, "loading CRDs %v", kt.kustomization.Crds)
+	}
+	err = ra.MergeConfig(crdTc)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, errors.Wrapf(
+			err, "merging CRDs %v", crdTc)
+	}
+	err = kt.runGenerators(ra)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	err = kt.runTransformers(ra)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	err = ra.MergeVars(kt.kustomization.Vars)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, errors.Wrapf(
+			err, "merging vars %v", kt.kustomization.Vars)
+	}
+	return ra, nil
+}
+
+func (kt *KustTarget) runGenerators(
+	ra *accumulator.ResAccumulator) error {
+	var generators []resmap.Generator
+	gs, err := kt.configureBuiltinGenerators()
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	generators = append(generators, gs...)
+	gs, err = kt.configureExternalGenerators()
+	if err != nil {
+		return errors.Wrap(err, "loading generator plugins")
+	}
+	generators = append(generators, gs...)
+	for _, g := range generators {
+		resMap, err := g.Generate()
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		err = ra.AbsorbAll(resMap)
+		if err != nil {
+			return errors.Wrapf(err, "merging from generator %v", g)
+		}
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (kt *KustTarget) configureExternalGenerators() ([]resmap.Generator, error) {
+	ra := accumulator.MakeEmptyAccumulator()
+	err := kt.accumulateResources(ra, kt.kustomization.Generators)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	return kt.pLdr.LoadGenerators(kt.ldr, kt.validator, ra.ResMap())
+}
+
+func (kt *KustTarget) runTransformers(ra *accumulator.ResAccumulator) error {
+	var r []resmap.Transformer
+	tConfig := ra.GetTransformerConfig()
+	lts, err := kt.configureBuiltinTransformers(tConfig)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	r = append(r, lts...)
+	lts, err = kt.configureExternalTransformers()
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	r = append(r, lts...)
+	t := transform.NewMultiTransformer(r)
+	return ra.Transform(t)
+}
+
+func (kt *KustTarget) configureExternalTransformers() ([]resmap.Transformer, error) {
+	ra := accumulator.MakeEmptyAccumulator()
+	err := kt.accumulateResources(ra, kt.kustomization.Transformers)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	return kt.pLdr.LoadTransformers(kt.ldr, kt.validator, ra.ResMap())
+}
+
+// accumulateResources fills the given resourceAccumulator
+// with resources read from the given list of paths.
+func (kt *KustTarget) accumulateResources(
+	ra *accumulator.ResAccumulator, paths []string) error {
+	for _, path := range paths {
+		ldr, err := kt.ldr.New(path)
+		if err == nil {
+			err = kt.accumulateDirectory(ra, ldr)
+			if err != nil {
+				return err
+			}
+		} else {
+			err2 := kt.accumulateFile(ra, path)
+			if err2 != nil {
+				// Log ldr.New() error to highlight git failures.
+				log.Print(err.Error())
+				return err2
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (kt *KustTarget) accumulateDirectory(
+	ra *accumulator.ResAccumulator, ldr ifc.Loader) error {
+	defer ldr.Cleanup()
+	subKt, err := NewKustTarget(
+		ldr, kt.validator, kt.rFactory, kt.tFactory, kt.pLdr)
+	if err != nil {
+		return errors.Wrapf(
+			err, "couldn't make target for path '%s'", ldr.Root())
+	}
+	subRa, err := subKt.AccumulateTarget()
+	if err != nil {
+		return errors.Wrapf(
+			err, "recursed accumulation of path '%s'", ldr.Root())
+	}
+	err = ra.MergeAccumulator(subRa)
+	if err != nil {
+		return errors.Wrapf(
+			err, "recursed merging from path '%s'", ldr.Root())
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (kt *KustTarget) accumulateFile(
+	ra *accumulator.ResAccumulator, path string) error {
+	resources, err := kt.rFactory.FromFile(kt.ldr, path)
+	if err != nil {
+		return errors.Wrapf(err, "accumulating resources from '%s'", path)
+	}
+	err = ra.AppendAll(resources)
+	if err != nil {
+		return errors.Wrapf(err, "merging resources from '%s'", path)
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (kt *KustTarget) configureBuiltinPlugin(
+	p resmap.Configurable, c interface{}, bpt builtinhelpers.BuiltinPluginType) (err error) {
+	var y []byte
+	if c != nil {
+		y, err = yaml.Marshal(c)
+		if err != nil {
+			return errors.Wrapf(
+				err, "builtin %s marshal", bpt)
+		}
+	}
+	err = p.Config(resmap.NewPluginHelpers(kt.ldr, kt.validator, kt.rFactory), y)
+	if err != nil {
+		return errors.Wrapf(err, "builtin %s config: %v", bpt, y)
+	}
+	return nil
+}

api/internal/target/kusttarget_configplugin.go

@@ -0,0 +1,297 @@
+// Copyright 2019 The Kubernetes Authors.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+
+package target
+
+import (
+	"sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/api/internal/plugins/builtinconfig"
+	"sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/api/internal/plugins/builtinhelpers"
+	"sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/api/resmap"
+	"sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/api/types"
+)
+
+// Functions dedicated to configuring the builtin
+// transformer and generator plugins using config data
+// read from a kustomization file and from the
+// config.TransformerConfig, whose data may be a
+// mix of hardcoded values and data read from file.
+//
+// Non-builtin plugins will get their configuration
+// from their own dedicated structs and YAML files.
+//
+// There are some loops in the functions below because
+// the kustomization file would, say, allow someone to
+// request multiple secrets be made, or run multiple
+// image tag transforms.  In these cases, we'll need
+// N plugin instances with differing configurations.
+
+func (kt *KustTarget) configureBuiltinGenerators() (
+	result []resmap.Generator, err error) {
+	for _, bpt := range []builtinhelpers.BuiltinPluginType{
+		builtinhelpers.ConfigMapGenerator,
+		builtinhelpers.SecretGenerator,
+	} {
+		r, err := generatorConfigurators[bpt](
+			kt, bpt, builtinhelpers.GeneratorFactories[bpt])
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		result = append(result, r...)
+	}
+	return result, nil
+}
+
+func (kt *KustTarget) configureBuiltinTransformers(
+	tc *builtinconfig.TransformerConfig) (
+	result []resmap.Transformer, err error) {
+	for _, bpt := range []builtinhelpers.BuiltinPluginType{
+		builtinhelpers.PatchStrategicMergeTransformer,
+		builtinhelpers.PatchTransformer,
+		builtinhelpers.NamespaceTransformer,
+		builtinhelpers.PrefixSuffixTransformer,
+		builtinhelpers.LabelTransformer,
+		builtinhelpers.AnnotationsTransformer,
+		builtinhelpers.PatchJson6902Transformer,
+		builtinhelpers.ReplicaCountTransformer,
+		builtinhelpers.ImageTagTransformer,
+	} {
+		r, err := transformerConfigurators[bpt](
+			kt, bpt, builtinhelpers.TransformerFactories[bpt], tc)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		result = append(result, r...)
+	}
+	return result, nil
+}
+
+type gFactory func() resmap.GeneratorPlugin
+
+var generatorConfigurators = map[builtinhelpers.BuiltinPluginType]func(
+	kt *KustTarget,
+	bpt builtinhelpers.BuiltinPluginType,
+	factory gFactory) (result []resmap.Generator, err error){
+	builtinhelpers.SecretGenerator: func(kt *KustTarget, bpt builtinhelpers.BuiltinPluginType, f gFactory) (
+		result []resmap.Generator, err error) {
+		var c struct {
+			types.GeneratorOptions
+			types.SecretArgs
+		}
+		if kt.kustomization.GeneratorOptions != nil {
+			c.GeneratorOptions = *kt.kustomization.GeneratorOptions
+		}
+		for _, args := range kt.kustomization.SecretGenerator {
+			c.SecretArgs = args
+			p := f()
+			err := kt.configureBuiltinPlugin(p, c, bpt)
+			if err != nil {
+				return nil, err
+			}
+			result = append(result, p)
+		}
+		return
+	},
+
+	builtinhelpers.ConfigMapGenerator: func(kt *KustTarget, bpt builtinhelpers.BuiltinPluginType, f gFactory) (
+		result []resmap.Generator, err error) {
+		var c struct {
+			types.GeneratorOptions
+			types.ConfigMapArgs
+		}
+		if kt.kustomization.GeneratorOptions != nil {
+			c.GeneratorOptions = *kt.kustomization.GeneratorOptions
+		}
+		for _, args := range kt.kustomization.ConfigMapGenerator {
+			c.ConfigMapArgs = args
+			p := f()
+			err := kt.configureBuiltinPlugin(p, c, bpt)
+			if err != nil {
+				return nil, err
+			}
+			result = append(result, p)
+		}
+		return
+	},
+}
+
+type tFactory func() resmap.TransformerPlugin
+
+var transformerConfigurators = map[builtinhelpers.BuiltinPluginType]func(
+	kt *KustTarget,
+	bpt builtinhelpers.BuiltinPluginType,
+	f tFactory,
+	tc *builtinconfig.TransformerConfig) (result []resmap.Transformer, err error){
+	builtinhelpers.NamespaceTransformer: func(
+		kt *KustTarget, bpt builtinhelpers.BuiltinPluginType, f tFactory, tc *builtinconfig.TransformerConfig) (
+		result []resmap.Transformer, err error) {
+		var c struct {
+			types.ObjectMeta `json:"metadata,omitempty" yaml:"metadata,omitempty"`
+			FieldSpecs       []types.FieldSpec
+		}
+		c.Namespace = kt.kustomization.Namespace
+		c.FieldSpecs = tc.NameSpace
+		p := f()
+		err = kt.configureBuiltinPlugin(p, c, bpt)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		result = append(result, p)
+		return
+	},
+
+	builtinhelpers.PatchJson6902Transformer: func(
+		kt *KustTarget, bpt builtinhelpers.BuiltinPluginType, f tFactory, _ *builtinconfig.TransformerConfig) (
+		result []resmap.Transformer, err error) {
+		var c struct {
+			Target types.PatchTarget `json:"target,omitempty" yaml:"target,omitempty"`
+			Path   string            `json:"path,omitempty" yaml:"path,omitempty"`
+			JsonOp string            `json:"jsonOp,omitempty" yaml:"jsonOp,omitempty"`
+		}
+		for _, args := range kt.kustomization.PatchesJson6902 {
+			c.Target = *args.Target
+			c.Path = args.Path
+			c.JsonOp = args.Patch
+			p := f()
+			err = kt.configureBuiltinPlugin(p, c, bpt)
+			if err != nil {
+				return nil, err
+			}
+			result = append(result, p)
+		}
+		return
+	},
+	builtinhelpers.PatchStrategicMergeTransformer: func(
+		kt *KustTarget, bpt builtinhelpers.BuiltinPluginType, f tFactory, _ *builtinconfig.TransformerConfig) (
+		result []resmap.Transformer, err error) {
+		if len(kt.kustomization.PatchesStrategicMerge) == 0 {
+			return
+		}
+		var c struct {
+			Paths   []types.PatchStrategicMerge `json:"paths,omitempty" yaml:"paths,omitempty"`
+			Patches string                      `json:"patches,omitempty" yaml:"patches,omitempty"`
+		}
+		c.Paths = kt.kustomization.PatchesStrategicMerge
+		p := f()
+		err = kt.configureBuiltinPlugin(p, c, bpt)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		result = append(result, p)
+		return
+	},
+	builtinhelpers.PatchTransformer: func(
+		kt *KustTarget, bpt builtinhelpers.BuiltinPluginType, f tFactory, _ *builtinconfig.TransformerConfig) (
+		result []resmap.Transformer, err error) {
+		if len(kt.kustomization.Patches) == 0 {
+			return
+		}
+		var c struct {
+			Path   string          `json:"path,omitempty" yaml:"path,omitempty"`
+			Patch  string          `json:"patch,omitempty" yaml:"patch,omitempty"`
+			Target *types.Selector `json:"target,omitempty" yaml:"target,omitempty"`
+		}
+		for _, pc := range kt.kustomization.Patches {
+			c.Target = pc.Target
+			c.Patch = pc.Patch
+			c.Path = pc.Path
+			p := f()
+			err = kt.configureBuiltinPlugin(p, c, bpt)
+			if err != nil {
+				return nil, err
+			}
+			result = append(result, p)
+		}
+		return
+	},
+	builtinhelpers.LabelTransformer: func(
+		kt *KustTarget, bpt builtinhelpers.BuiltinPluginType, f tFactory, tc *builtinconfig.TransformerConfig) (
+		result []resmap.Transformer, err error) {
+		var c struct {
+			Labels     map[string]string
+			FieldSpecs []types.FieldSpec
+		}
+		c.Labels = kt.kustomization.CommonLabels
+		c.FieldSpecs = tc.CommonLabels
+		p := f()
+		err = kt.configureBuiltinPlugin(p, c, bpt)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		result = append(result, p)
+		return
+	},
+	builtinhelpers.AnnotationsTransformer: func(
+		kt *KustTarget, bpt builtinhelpers.BuiltinPluginType, f tFactory, tc *builtinconfig.TransformerConfig) (
+		result []resmap.Transformer, err error) {
+		var c struct {
+			Annotations map[string]string
+			FieldSpecs  []types.FieldSpec
+		}
+		c.Annotations = kt.kustomization.CommonAnnotations
+		c.FieldSpecs = tc.CommonAnnotations
+		p := f()
+		err = kt.configureBuiltinPlugin(p, c, bpt)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		result = append(result, p)
+		return
+	},
+	builtinhelpers.PrefixSuffixTransformer: func(
+		kt *KustTarget, bpt builtinhelpers.BuiltinPluginType, f tFactory, tc *builtinconfig.TransformerConfig) (
+		result []resmap.Transformer, err error) {
+		var c struct {
+			Prefix     string
+			Suffix     string
+			FieldSpecs []types.FieldSpec
+		}
+		c.Prefix = kt.kustomization.NamePrefix
+		c.Suffix = kt.kustomization.NameSuffix
+		c.FieldSpecs = tc.NamePrefix
+		p := f()
+		err = kt.configureBuiltinPlugin(p, c, bpt)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		result = append(result, p)
+		return
+	},
+	builtinhelpers.ImageTagTransformer: func(
+		kt *KustTarget, bpt builtinhelpers.BuiltinPluginType, f tFactory, tc *builtinconfig.TransformerConfig) (
+		result []resmap.Transformer, err error) {
+		var c struct {
+			ImageTag   types.Image
+			FieldSpecs []types.FieldSpec
+		}
+		for _, args := range kt.kustomization.Images {
+			c.ImageTag = args
+			c.FieldSpecs = tc.Images
+			p := f()
+			err = kt.configureBuiltinPlugin(p, c, bpt)
+			if err != nil {
+				return nil, err
+			}
+			result = append(result, p)
+		}
+		return
+	},
+	builtinhelpers.ReplicaCountTransformer: func(
+		kt *KustTarget, bpt builtinhelpers.BuiltinPluginType, f tFactory, tc *builtinconfig.TransformerConfig) (
+		result []resmap.Transformer, err error) {
+		var c struct {
+			Replica    types.Replica
+			FieldSpecs []types.FieldSpec
+		}
+		for _, args := range kt.kustomization.Replicas {
+			c.Replica = args
+			c.FieldSpecs = tc.Replicas
+			p := f()
+			err = kt.configureBuiltinPlugin(p, c, bpt)
+			if err != nil {
+				return nil, err
+			}
+			result = append(result, p)
+		}
+		return
+	},
+}

api/internal/target/kusttarget_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,446 @@
+// Copyright 2019 The Kubernetes Authors.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+
+package target_test
+
+import (
+	"encoding/base64"
+	"fmt"
+	"strings"
+	"testing"
+
+	"sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/api/ifc"
+	"sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/api/internal/loadertest"
+	. "sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/api/internal/target"
+	"sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/api/resid"
+	"sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/api/resmap"
+	"sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/api/resource"
+	kusttest_test "sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/api/testutils/kusttest"
+	valtest_test "sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/api/testutils/valtest"
+	"sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/api/types"
+)
+
+const (
+	kustomizationContent = `
+apiVersion: kustomize.config.k8s.io/v1beta1
+kind: Kustomization
+namePrefix: foo-
+nameSuffix: -bar
+namespace: ns1
+commonLabels:
+  app: nginx
+commonAnnotations:
+  note: This is a test annotation
+resources:
+  - deployment.yaml
+  - namespace.yaml
+generatorOptions:
+  disableNameSuffixHash: false
+configMapGenerator:
+- name: literalConfigMap
+  literals:
+  - DB_USERNAME=admin
+  - DB_PASSWORD=somepw
+secretGenerator:
+- name: secret
+  literals:
+    - DB_USERNAME=admin
+    - DB_PASSWORD=somepw
+  type: Opaque
+patchesJson6902:
+- target:
+    group: apps
+    version: v1
+    kind: Deployment
+    name: dply1
+  path: jsonpatch.json
+`
+	deploymentContent = `
+apiVersion: apps/v1
+metadata:
+  name: dply1
+kind: Deployment
+`
+	namespaceContent = `
+apiVersion: v1
+kind: Namespace
+metadata:
+  name: ns1
+`
+	jsonpatchContent = `[
+    {"op": "add", "path": "/spec/replica", "value": "3"}
+]`
+)
+
+func TestResources(t *testing.T) {
+	th := kusttest_test.NewKustTestHarness(t, "/whatever")
+	th.WriteK("/whatever/", kustomizationContent)
+	th.WriteF("/whatever/deployment.yaml", deploymentContent)
+	th.WriteF("/whatever/namespace.yaml", namespaceContent)
+	th.WriteF("/whatever/jsonpatch.json", jsonpatchContent)
+
+	resources := []*resource.Resource{
+		th.RF().FromMapWithName("dply1", map[string]interface{}{
+			"apiVersion": "apps/v1",
+			"kind":       "Deployment",
+			"metadata": map[string]interface{}{
+				"name":      "foo-dply1-bar",
+				"namespace": "ns1",
+				"labels": map[string]interface{}{
+					"app": "nginx",
+				},
+				"annotations": map[string]interface{}{
+					"note": "This is a test annotation",
+				},
+			},
+			"spec": map[string]interface{}{
+				"replica": "3",
+				"selector": map[string]interface{}{
+					"matchLabels": map[string]interface{}{
+						"app": "nginx",
+					},
+				},
+				"template": map[string]interface{}{
+					"metadata": map[string]interface{}{
+						"annotations": map[string]interface{}{
+							"note": "This is a test annotation",
+						},
+						"labels": map[string]interface{}{
+							"app": "nginx",
+						},
+					},
+				},
+			},
+		}),
+		th.RF().FromMapWithName("ns1", map[string]interface{}{
+			"apiVersion": "v1",
+			"kind":       "Namespace",
+			"metadata": map[string]interface{}{
+				"name": "foo-ns1-bar",
+				"labels": map[string]interface{}{
+					"app": "nginx",
+				},
+				"annotations": map[string]interface{}{
+					"note": "This is a test annotation",
+				},
+			},
+		}),
+		th.RF().FromMapWithName("literalConfigMap",
+			map[string]interface{}{
+				"apiVersion": "v1",
+				"kind":       "ConfigMap",
+				"metadata": map[string]interface{}{
+					"name":      "foo-literalConfigMap-bar-8d2dkb8k24",
+					"namespace": "ns1",
+					"labels": map[string]interface{}{
+						"app": "nginx",
+					},
+					"annotations": map[string]interface{}{
+						"note": "This is a test annotation",
+					},
+				},
+				"data": map[string]interface{}{
+					"DB_USERNAME": "admin",
+					"DB_PASSWORD": "somepw",
+				},
+			}),
+		th.RF().FromMapWithName("secret",
+			map[string]interface{}{
+				"apiVersion": "v1",
+				"kind":       "Secret",
+				"metadata": map[string]interface{}{
+					"name":      "foo-secret-bar-9btc7bt4kb",
+					"namespace": "ns1",
+					"labels": map[string]interface{}{
+						"app": "nginx",
+					},
+					"annotations": map[string]interface{}{
+						"note": "This is a test annotation",
+					},
+				},
+				"type": ifc.SecretTypeOpaque,
+				"data": map[string]interface{}{
+					"DB_USERNAME": base64.StdEncoding.EncodeToString([]byte("admin")),
+					"DB_PASSWORD": base64.StdEncoding.EncodeToString([]byte("somepw")),
+				},
+			}),
+	}
+
+	expected := resmap.New()
+	for _, r := range resources {
+		if err := expected.Append(r); err != nil {
+			t.Fatalf("unexpected error %v", err)
+		}
+	}
+
+	actual, err := th.MakeKustTarget().MakeCustomizedResMap()
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("unexpected Resources error %v", err)
+	}
+
+	if err = expected.ErrorIfNotEqualLists(actual); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("unexpected inequality: %v", err)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestKustomizationNotFound(t *testing.T) {
+	_, err := NewKustTarget(
+		loadertest.NewFakeLoader("/foo"),
+		valtest_test.MakeFakeValidator(), nil, nil, nil)
+	if err == nil {
+		t.Fatalf("expected an error")
+	}
+	if err.Error() !=
+		`unable to find one of 'kustomization.yaml', 'kustomization.yml' or 'Kustomization' in directory '/foo'` {
+		t.Fatalf("unexpected error: %q", err)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestResourceNotFound(t *testing.T) {
+	th := kusttest_test.NewKustTestHarness(t, "/whatever")
+	th.WriteK("/whatever", kustomizationContent)
+	_, err := th.MakeKustTarget().MakeCustomizedResMap()
+	if err == nil {
+		t.Fatalf("Didn't get the expected error for an unknown resource")
+	}
+	if !strings.Contains(err.Error(), `cannot read file`) {
+		t.Fatalf("unexpected error: %q", err)
+	}
+}
+
+func findSecret(m resmap.ResMap) *resource.Resource {
+	for _, r := range m.Resources() {
+		if r.OrgId().Kind == "Secret" {
+			return r
+		}
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+func TestDisableNameSuffixHash(t *testing.T) {
+	th := kusttest_test.NewKustTestHarness(t, "/whatever")
+	th.WriteK("/whatever/", kustomizationContent)
+	th.WriteF("/whatever/deployment.yaml", deploymentContent)
+	th.WriteF("/whatever/namespace.yaml", namespaceContent)
+	th.WriteF("/whatever/jsonpatch.json", jsonpatchContent)
+
+	m, err := th.MakeKustTarget().MakeCustomizedResMap()
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("unexpected Resources error %v", err)
+	}
+	secret := findSecret(m)
+	if secret == nil {
+		t.Errorf("Expected to find a Secret")
+	}
+	if secret.GetName() != "foo-secret-bar-9btc7bt4kb" {
+		t.Errorf("unexpected secret resource name: %s", secret.GetName())
+	}
+
+	th.WriteK("/whatever/",
+		strings.Replace(kustomizationContent,
+			"disableNameSuffixHash: false",
+			"disableNameSuffixHash: true", -1))
+	m, err = th.MakeKustTarget().MakeCustomizedResMap()
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("unexpected Resources error %v", err)
+	}
+	secret = findSecret(m)
+	if secret == nil {
+		t.Errorf("Expected to find a Secret")
+	}
+	if secret.GetName() != "foo-secret-bar" { // No hash at end.
+		t.Errorf("unexpected secret resource name: %s", secret.GetName())
+	}
+}
+
+func TestIssue596AllowDirectoriesThatAreSubstringsOfEachOther(t *testing.T) {
+	th := kusttest_test.NewKustTestHarness(t, "/app/overlays/aws-sandbox2.us-east-1")
+	th.WriteK("/app/base", "")
+	th.WriteK("/app/overlays/aws", `
+resources:
+- ../../base
+`)
+	th.WriteK("/app/overlays/aws-nonprod", `
+resources:
+- ../aws
+`)
+	th.WriteK("/app/overlays/aws-sandbox2.us-east-1", `
+resources:
+- ../aws-nonprod
+`)
+	m, err := th.MakeKustTarget().MakeCustomizedResMap()
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("Err: %v", err)
+	}
+	th.AssertActualEqualsExpected(m, "")
+}
+
+// To simplify tests, these vars specified in alphabetical order.
+var someVars = []types.Var{
+	{
+		Name: "AWARD",
+		ObjRef: types.Target{
+			APIVersion: "v7",
+			Gvk:        resid.Gvk{Kind: "Service"},
+			Name:       "nobelPrize"},
+		FieldRef: types.FieldSelector{FieldPath: "some.arbitrary.path"},
+	},
+	{
+		Name: "BIRD",
+		ObjRef: types.Target{
+			APIVersion: "v300",
+			Gvk:        resid.Gvk{Kind: "Service"},
+			Name:       "heron"},
+		FieldRef: types.FieldSelector{FieldPath: "metadata.name"},
+	},
+	{
+		Name: "FRUIT",
+		ObjRef: types.Target{
+			Gvk:  resid.Gvk{Kind: "Service"},
+			Name: "apple"},
+		FieldRef: types.FieldSelector{FieldPath: "metadata.name"},
+	},
+	{
+		Name: "VEGETABLE",
+		ObjRef: types.Target{
+			Gvk:  resid.Gvk{Kind: "Leafy"},
+			Name: "kale"},
+		FieldRef: types.FieldSelector{FieldPath: "metadata.name"},
+	},
+}
+
+func TestGetAllVarsSimple(t *testing.T) {
+	th := kusttest_test.NewKustTestHarness(t, "/app")
+	th.WriteK("/app", `
+vars:
+  - name: AWARD
+    objref:
+      kind: Service
+      name: nobelPrize
+      apiVersion: v7
+    fieldref:
+      fieldpath: some.arbitrary.path
+  - name: BIRD
+    objref:
+      kind: Service
+      name: heron
+      apiVersion: v300
+`)
+	ra, err := th.MakeKustTarget().AccumulateTarget()
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("Err: %v", err)
+	}
+	vars := ra.Vars()
+	if len(vars) != 2 {
+		t.Fatalf("unexpected size %d", len(vars))
+	}
+	for i := range vars[:2] {
+		// By using Var.DeepEqual, we are protecting the code
+		// from a potential invocation of vars[i].ObjRef.GVK()
+		// during AccumulateTarget
+		if !vars[i].DeepEqual(someVars[i]) {
+			t.Fatalf("unexpected var[%d]:\n  %v\n  %v", i, vars[i], someVars[i])
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func TestGetAllVarsNested(t *testing.T) {
+	th := kusttest_test.NewKustTestHarness(t, "/app/overlays/o2")
+	th.WriteK("/app/base", `
+vars:
+  - name: AWARD
+    objref:
+      kind: Service
+      name: nobelPrize
+      apiVersion: v7
+    fieldref:
+      fieldpath: some.arbitrary.path
+  - name: BIRD
+    objref:
+      kind: Service
+      name: heron
+      apiVersion: v300
+`)
+	th.WriteK("/app/overlays/o1", `
+vars:
+  - name: FRUIT
+    objref:
+      kind: Service
+      name: apple
+resources:
+- ../../base
+`)
+	th.WriteK("/app/overlays/o2", `
+vars:
+  - name: VEGETABLE
+    objref:
+      kind: Leafy
+      name: kale
+resources:
+- ../o1
+`)
+	ra, err := th.MakeKustTarget().AccumulateTarget()
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("Err: %v", err)
+	}
+	vars := ra.Vars()
+	if len(vars) != 4 {
+		for i, v := range vars {
+			fmt.Printf("%v: %v\n", i, v)
+		}
+		t.Fatalf("expected 4 vars, got %d", len(vars))
+	}
+	for i := range vars {
+		// By using Var.DeepEqual, we are protecting the code
+		// from a potential invocation of vars[i].ObjRef.GVK()
+		// during AccumulateTarget
+		if !vars[i].DeepEqual(someVars[i]) {
+			t.Fatalf("unexpected var[%d]:\n  %v\n  %v", i, vars[i], someVars[i])
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func TestVarCollisionsForbidden(t *testing.T) {
+	th := kusttest_test.NewKustTestHarness(t, "/app/overlays/o2")
+	th.WriteK("/app/base", `
+vars:
+  - name: AWARD
+    objref:
+      kind: Service
+      name: nobelPrize
+      apiVersion: v7
+    fieldref:
+      fieldpath: some.arbitrary.path
+  - name: BIRD
+    objref:
+      kind: Service
+      name: heron
+      apiVersion: v300
+`)
+	th.WriteK("/app/overlays/o1", `
+vars:
+  - name: AWARD
+    objref:
+      kind: Service
+      name: academy
+resources:
+- ../../base
+`)
+	th.WriteK("/app/overlays/o2", `
+vars:
+  - name: VEGETABLE
+    objref:
+      kind: Leafy
+      name: kale
+resources:
+- ../o1
+`)
+	_, err := th.MakeKustTarget().AccumulateTarget()
+	if err == nil {
+		t.Fatalf("expected var collision")
+	}
+	if !strings.Contains(err.Error(),
+		"var 'AWARD' already encountered") {
+		t.Fatalf("unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+}

api/internal/target/multiplepatch_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,477 @@
+/*
+Copyright 2018 The Kubernetes Authors.
+
+Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+    http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+limitations under the License.
+*/
+
+package target_test
+
+import (
+	"strings"
+	"testing"
+
+	"sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/api/testutils/kusttest"
+)
+
+func makeCommonFileForMultiplePatchTest(th *kusttest_test.KustTestHarness) {
+	th.WriteK("/app/base", `
+apiVersion: kustomize.config.k8s.io/v1beta1
+kind: Kustomization
+namePrefix: team-foo-
+commonLabels:
+  app: mynginx
+  org: example.com
+  team: foo
+commonAnnotations:
+  note: This is a test annotation
+resources:
+  - deployment.yaml
+  - service.yaml
+configMapGenerator:
+- name: configmap-in-base
+  literals:
+  - foo=bar
+`)
+	th.WriteF("/app/base/deployment.yaml", `
+apiVersion: apps/v1beta2
+kind: Deployment
+metadata:
+  name: nginx
+  labels:
+    app: nginx
+spec:
+  template:
+    metadata:
+      labels:
+        app: nginx
+    spec:
+      containers:
+      - name: nginx
+        image: nginx
+        volumeMounts:
+        - name: nginx-persistent-storage
+          mountPath: /tmp/ps
+      - name: sidecar
+        image: sidecar:latest
+      volumes:
+      - name: nginx-persistent-storage
+        emptyDir: {}
+      - configMap:
+          name: configmap-in-base
+        name: configmap-in-base
+`)
+	th.WriteF("/app/base/service.yaml", `
+apiVersion: v1
+kind: Service
+metadata:
+  name: nginx
+  labels:
+    app: nginx
+spec:
+  ports:
+    - port: 80
+  selector:
+    app: nginx
+`)
+	th.WriteK("/app/overlay/staging", `
+apiVersion: kustomize.config.k8s.io/v1beta1
+kind: Kustomization
+namePrefix: staging-
+commonLabels:
+  env: staging
+patchesStrategicMerge:
+  - deployment-patch1.yaml
+  - deployment-patch2.yaml
+resources:
+  - ../../base
+configMapGenerator:
+- name: configmap-in-overlay
+  literals:
+  - hello=world
+`)
+}
+
+func TestMultiplePatchesNoConflict(t *testing.T) {
+	th := kusttest_test.NewKustTestHarness(t, "/app/overlay/staging")
+	makeCommonFileForMultiplePatchTest(th)
+	th.WriteF("/app/overlay/staging/deployment-patch1.yaml", `
+apiVersion: apps/v1beta2
+kind: Deployment
+metadata:
+  name: nginx
+spec:
+  template:
+    spec:
+      containers:
+      - name: nginx
+        image: nginx:latest
+        env:
+        - name: ENVKEY
+          value: ENVVALUE
+      volumes:
+      - name: nginx-persistent-storage
+        emptyDir: null
+        gcePersistentDisk:
+          pdName: nginx-persistent-storage
+      - configMap:
+          name: configmap-in-overlay
+        name: configmap-in-overlay
+`)
+	th.WriteF("/app/overlay/staging/deployment-patch2.yaml", `
+apiVersion: apps/v1beta2
+kind: Deployment
+metadata:
+  name: nginx
+spec:
+  template:
+    spec:
+      containers:
+      - name: nginx
+        env:
+        - name: ANOTHERENV
+          value: FOO
+      volumes:
+      - name: nginx-persistent-storage
+`)
+	m, err := th.MakeKustTarget().MakeCustomizedResMap()
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("Err: %v", err)
+	}
+	th.AssertActualEqualsExpected(m, `
+apiVersion: apps/v1beta2
+kind: Deployment
+metadata:
+  annotations:
+    note: This is a test annotation
+  labels:
+    app: mynginx
+    env: staging
+    org: example.com
+    team: foo
+  name: staging-team-foo-nginx
+spec:
+  selector:
+    matchLabels:
+      app: mynginx
+      env: staging
+      org: example.com
+      team: foo
+  template:
+    metadata:
+      annotations:
+        note: This is a test annotation
+      labels:
+        app: mynginx
+        env: staging
+        org: example.com
+        team: foo
+    spec:
+      containers:
+      - env:
+        - name: ANOTHERENV
+          value: FOO
+        - name: ENVKEY
+          value: ENVVALUE
+        image: nginx:latest
+        name: nginx
+        volumeMounts:
+        - mountPath: /tmp/ps
+          name: nginx-persistent-storage
+      - image: sidecar:latest
+        name: sidecar
+      volumes:
+      - gcePersistentDisk:
+          pdName: nginx-persistent-storage
+        name: nginx-persistent-storage
+      - configMap:
+          name: staging-configmap-in-overlay-k7cbc75tg8
+        name: configmap-in-overlay
+      - configMap:
+          name: staging-team-foo-configmap-in-base-g7k6gt2889
+        name: configmap-in-base
+---
+apiVersion: v1
+kind: Service
+metadata:
+  annotations:
+    note: This is a test annotation
+  labels:
+    app: mynginx
+    env: staging
+    org: example.com
+    team: foo
+  name: staging-team-foo-nginx
+spec:
+  ports:
+  - port: 80
+  selector:
+    app: mynginx
+    env: staging
+    org: example.com
+    team: foo
+---
+apiVersion: v1
+data:
+  foo: bar
+kind: ConfigMap
+metadata:
+  annotations:
+    note: This is a test annotation
+  labels:
+    app: mynginx
+    env: staging
+    org: example.com
+    team: foo
+  name: staging-team-foo-configmap-in-base-g7k6gt2889
+---
+apiVersion: v1
+data:
+  hello: world
+kind: ConfigMap
+metadata:
+  labels:
+    env: staging
+  name: staging-configmap-in-overlay-k7cbc75tg8
+`)
+}
+
+func TestMultiplePatchesWithConflict(t *testing.T) {
+	th := kusttest_test.NewKustTestHarness(t, "/app/overlay/staging")
+	makeCommonFileForMultiplePatchTest(th)
+	th.WriteF("/app/overlay/staging/deployment-patch1.yaml", `
+apiVersion: apps/v1beta2
+kind: Deployment
+metadata:
+  name: nginx
+spec:
+  template:
+    spec:
+      containers:
+      - name: nginx
+        env:
+        - name: ENABLE_FEATURE_FOO
+          value: TRUE
+      volumes:
+      - name: nginx-persistent-storage
+        emptyDir: null
+        gcePersistentDisk:
+          pdName: nginx-persistent-storage
+      - configMap:
+          name: configmap-in-overlay
+        name: configmap-in-overlay
+`)
+	th.WriteF("/app/overlay/staging/deployment-patch2.yaml", `
+apiVersion: apps/v1beta2
+kind: Deployment
+metadata:
+  name: nginx
+spec:
+  template:
+    spec:
+      containers:
+      - name: nginx
+        env:
+        - name: ENABLE_FEATURE_FOO
+          value: FALSE
+`)
+	_, err := th.MakeKustTarget().MakeCustomizedResMap()
+	if err == nil {
+		t.Fatalf("expected conflict")
+	}
+	if !strings.Contains(
+		err.Error(), "conflict between ") {
+		t.Fatalf("Unexpected err: %v", err)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestMultiplePatchesWithOnePatchDeleteDirective(t *testing.T) {
+	additivePatch := `apiVersion: apps/v1beta2
+kind: Deployment
+metadata:
+  name: nginx
+spec:
+  template:
+    spec:
+      containers:
+      - name: nginx
+        env:
+        - name: SOME_NAME
+          value: somevalue
+`
+	deletePatch := `apiVersion: apps/v1beta2
+kind: Deployment
+metadata:
+  name: nginx
+spec:
+  template:
+    spec:
+      containers:
+      - $patch: delete
+        name: sidecar
+`
+	cases := []struct {
+		name        string
+		patch1      string
+		patch2      string
+		expectError bool
+	}{
+		{
+			name:   "Patch with delete directive first",
+			patch1: deletePatch,
+			patch2: additivePatch,
+		},
+		{
+			name:   "Patch with delete directive second",
+			patch1: additivePatch,
+			patch2: deletePatch,
+		},
+	}
+	for _, c := range cases {
+		t.Run(c.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			th := kusttest_test.NewKustTestHarness(t, "/app/overlay/staging")
+
+			makeCommonFileForMultiplePatchTest(th)
+			th.WriteF("/app/overlay/staging/deployment-patch1.yaml", c.patch1)
+			th.WriteF("/app/overlay/staging/deployment-patch2.yaml", c.patch2)
+			m, err := th.MakeKustTarget().MakeCustomizedResMap()
+			if err != nil {
+				t.Fatalf("Err: %v", err)
+			}
+			th.AssertActualEqualsExpected(m, `apiVersion: apps/v1beta2
+kind: Deployment
+metadata:
+  annotations:
+    note: This is a test annotation
+  labels:
+    app: mynginx
+    env: staging
+    org: example.com
+    team: foo
+  name: staging-team-foo-nginx
+spec:
+  selector:
+    matchLabels:
+      app: mynginx
+      env: staging
+      org: example.com
+      team: foo
+  template:
+    metadata:
+      annotations:
+        note: This is a test annotation
+      labels:
+        app: mynginx
+        env: staging
+        org: example.com
+        team: foo
+    spec:
+      containers:
+      - env:
+        - name: SOME_NAME
+          value: somevalue
+        image: nginx
+        name: nginx
+        volumeMounts:
+        - mountPath: /tmp/ps
+          name: nginx-persistent-storage
+      volumes:
+      - emptyDir: {}
+        name: nginx-persistent-storage
+      - configMap:
+          name: staging-team-foo-configmap-in-base-g7k6gt2889
+        name: configmap-in-base
+---
+apiVersion: v1
+kind: Service
+metadata:
+  annotations:
+    note: This is a test annotation
+  labels:
+    app: mynginx
+    env: staging
+    org: example.com
+    team: foo
+  name: staging-team-foo-nginx
+spec:
+  ports:
+  - port: 80
+  selector:
+    app: mynginx
+    env: staging
+    org: example.com
+    team: foo
+---
+apiVersion: v1
+data:
+  foo: bar
+kind: ConfigMap
+metadata:
+  annotations:
+    note: This is a test annotation
+  labels:
+    app: mynginx
+    env: staging
+    org: example.com
+    team: foo
+  name: staging-team-foo-configmap-in-base-g7k6gt2889
+---
+apiVersion: v1
+data:
+  hello: world
+kind: ConfigMap
+metadata:
+  labels:
+    env: staging
+  name: staging-configmap-in-overlay-k7cbc75tg8
+`)
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func TestMultiplePatchesBothWithPatchDeleteDirective(t *testing.T) {
+	th := kusttest_test.NewKustTestHarness(t, "/app/overlay/staging")
+	makeCommonFileForMultiplePatchTest(th)
+	th.WriteF("/app/overlay/staging/deployment-patch1.yaml", `
+apiVersion: apps/v1beta2
+kind: Deployment
+metadata:
+  name: nginx
+spec:
+  template:
+    spec:
+      containers:
+      - $patch: delete
+        name: sidecar
+`)
+	th.WriteF("/app/overlay/staging/deployment-patch2.yaml", `
+apiVersion: apps/v1beta2
+kind: Deployment
+metadata:
+  name: nginx
+spec:
+  template:
+    spec:
+      containers:
+      - $patch: delete
+        name: nginx
+`)
+	_, err := th.MakeKustTarget().MakeCustomizedResMap()
+	if err == nil {
+		t.Fatalf("Expected error")
+	}
+	if !strings.Contains(
+		err.Error(), "both containing ") {
+		t.Fatalf("Unexpected err: %v", err)
+	}
+	return
+}